4,724
Views
129
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ARTICLES

The Social Impact of the Tour de France: Comparisons of Residents' Pre- and Post-event Perceptions

, &
Pages 91-113 | Published online: 04 May 2011

References

  • Barker , M. 2004 . “ Crime and sport events tourism: The 1999–2000 America's Cup ” . In Sport tourism: Interrelationships, impacts and issues , Edited by: Ritchie , B. and Adair , D. 174 – 191 . Clevedon : Channel View Publications .
  • Bowdin , G. A. J. , Allen , J. , O'Toole , W. and Harris , R. 2006 . Events management , 2nd ed. , Oxford : Elsevier .
  • Brunt , P. and Courtney , P. 1999 . Host perceptions of sociocultural impacts . Annals of Tourism Research , 26 : 493 – 545 .
  • Bull , C. and Lovell , J. 2007 . The impact of hosting major sporting events on local residents: An analysis of the views and perceptions of Canterbury residents in relation to the Tour de France 2007 . Journal of Sport & Tourism , 12 : 229 – 248 .
  • Chalip , L. 2001 . “ Sport and tourism: Capitalising on the linkage ” . In The business of sport , Edited by: Kluka , D. and Schilling , G. 77 – 89 . Oxford : Meyer and Meyer .
  • Chalip , L. 2004 . “ Beyond impact: A general model for sport event leverage ” . In Sport tourism: Interrelationships, impacts and issues , Edited by: Ritchie , B. W. and Adair , D. 226 – 252 . Clevedon : Channel View Publications .
  • Chalip , L. 2006 . Towards social leverage of sport events . Journal of Sport & Tourism , 11 : 109 – 127 .
  • Chalip , L. and Leyns , A. 2002 . Local business leveraging of a sport event: Managing an event for economic benefit . Journal of Sport Management , 16 : 132 – 158 .
  • Deccio , C. and Baloglu , S. 2002 . Nonhost community resident reactions to the 2002 Winter Olympics: The spillover impacts . Journal of Travel Research , 41 : 46 – 56 .
  • Delamere , T. A. 2001 . Development of a scale to measure resident attitudes toward the social impacts of community festivals, part II: Verification of the scale . Event Management , 7 : 25 – 38 .
  • Fredline , E. 2005 . Host and guest relations and sport tourism. Sport . Culture and Society , 8 : 263 – 279 .
  • Fredline , E. and Faulkner , B. 2000 . Host community reactions: A cluster analysis . Annals of Tourism Research , 27 : 763 – 784 .
  • Getz , D. 1993 . “ Festivals and special events ” . In Encyclopedia of hospitality and tourism , Edited by: Khan , M. A. , Olsen , M. D. and Var , T. 789 – 810 . New York : Van Nostrand Reinhold .
  • Getz , D. 2005 . Event management and event tourism , 2nd ed. , New York : Cognizant Communications Corporation .
  • Getz , D. 2008 . Event tourism: Definition, evolution, and research . Tourism Management , 29 : 403 – 428 .
  • Gratton , C. , Shibli , S. and Coleman , R. 2005 . “ The economics of sport tourism at major sports events ” . In Sport tourism destinations: Issues, opportunities and analysis , Edited by: Higham , J. 233 – 247 . Oxford : Elsevier .
  • Gursoy , D. and Kendall , K. W. 2006 . Hosting mega events. Modeling local's support . Annals of Tourism Research , 33 : 603 – 623 .
  • Gursoy , D. , Kim , K. and Uysal , M. 2004 . Perceived impacts of festivals and special events by organizers: An extension and validation . Tourism Management , 25 : 171 – 181 .
  • Hair , J. F. , Anderson , R. E. , Tatham , R. L. and Black , W. C. 1995 . Multivariate data analysis , 4th ed. , Upper Saddle River, NJ : Prentice-Hall .
  • Hall , C. M. 1992 . “ Adventure, sport and health tourism ” . In Special interest tourism , Edited by: Weiler , B. and Hall , C. M. 141 – 158 . London : Belhaven .
  • Hall , C. M. 2004 . “ Sport tourism and urban regeneration ” . In Sport tourism: Interrelationships, impacts and issues , Edited by: Ritchie , B. and Adair , D. 192 – 206 . Clevedon : Channelview Publications .
  • Jeanrenaud , C. 1999 . The economic impact of sport events , Neuchâtel : Editions CIES .
  • Jeong , G.-H. and Faulkner , B. 1996 . Resident perceptions of mega-event impacts: The Taejon international exposition case . Festival Management & Event Tourism , 4 : 3 – 11 .
  • Kaiser , H. F. 1974 . An index of factorial simplicity . Psychometrica , 39 : 31 – 36 .
  • Kang , Y.-S. and Perdue , R. 1994 . Long-term impact of a mega-event on international tourism to the host country: A conceptual model and the case of the 1988 Seoul Olympics . Journal of International Consumer Marketing , 6 : 205 – 226 .
  • Kellett , P. , Hede , A.-M. and Chalip , L. 2008 . Social policy for sport events: Leveraging (relationships with) teams from other nations for community benefit . European Sport Management Quarterly , 8 : 101 – 121 .
  • Kim , H. J. , Gursoy , D. and Lee , S.-B. 2006 . The impact of the 2002 World Cup on South Korea: Comparisons of pre- and post-games . Tourism Management , 27 : 86 – 96 .
  • Kim , S. S. and Petrick , J. F. 2005 . Residents' perceptions on impacts of the FIFA 2002 World Cup: The case of Seoul as a host city . Tourism Management , 26 : 25 – 38 .
  • Maennig , W. and du Plessis , S. 2007 . World Cup 2010: South African economic perspectives and policy challenges informed by the experience of Germany 2006 . Contemporary Economic Policy , 25 : 578 – 590 .
  • Mueller , D. J. 1986 . Measuring social attitudes: A handbook for researchers and practitioners , Columbia University, NY : Teacher's College Press .
  • Nunnally , J. C. 1970 . Introduction to psychological measurement , New York : McGraw-Hill, Inc .
  • O'Brien , D. 2006 . Event business leveraging. The Sydney 2000 Olympic Games . Annals of Tourism Research , 33 : 240 – 261 .
  • Ohmann , S. , Jones , I. and Wilkes , K. 2006 . The perceived social impacts of the 2006 Football World Cup on Munich residents . Journal of Sport & Tourism , 11 : 129 – 152 .
  • Preuss , H. 2007 . The conceptualisation and measurement of mega sport event legacies . Journal of Sport & Tourism , 12 : 207 – 227 .
  • Sparvero , E. and Chalip , L. 2007 . Professional teams as leverageable assets: Strategic creation of community value . Sport Management Review , 10 : 1 – 30 .
  • Teo , P. 1994 . Assessing socio-cultural impacts: The case of Singapore . Tourism Management , 15 : 126 – 136 .
  • Turco , D. M. 1998 . Host resident's perceived social costs and benefits toward a staged tourist attraction . Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing , 7 : 21 – 30 .
  • Waitt , G. 2003 . Social impacts of the Sydney Olympics . Annals of Tourism Research , 30 : 194 – 215 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.