References
- Alavy, K., Gaskill, A., Leach, S., & Szymanski, S. (2010). On the edge of your seat: Demand for football on television and the uncertainty of outcome hypothesis. International Journal of Sport Finance, 5, 75–95.
- Baimbridge, M., Cameron, S., & Dawson, P. (1995). Satellite broadcasting and match attendance: The case of rugby league. Applied Economics Letters, 2, 343–346. doi: 10.1080/758518985
- Borland, J., & Macdonald, R. (2003). Demand for sport. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 19, 478–502. doi: 10.1093/oxrep/19.4.478
- Braun, S., & Kvasnicka, M. (2013). National sentiment and economic behavior: Evidence from online betting on European football. Journal of Sports Economics, 14, 45–64. doi: 10.1177/1527002511414718
- Burraimo, B., & Simmons, R. (2008). Do sports fans really want uncertainty of outcome? Evidence from the English premier league. International Journal of Sport Finance, 3, 146–155.
- Cairns, J., Jennett, N., & Sloane, P. J. (1986). The economics of professional team sports: A survey of theory and evidence. Journal of Economic Studies, 13, 3–80. doi: 10.1108/eb002618
- Carmichael, F., Millington, J., & Simmons, R. (1999). Elasticity of demand for rugby league attendance and the impact of BSkyB. Applied Economics Letters, 6, 797–800. doi: 10.1080/135048599352196
- Coates, D., & Humphreys, B. R. (2010). Week to week attendance and competitive balance in the national football league. International Journal of Sport Finance, 5, 239–252.
- Coates, D., & Humphreys, B. R. (2012). Game attendance and outcome uncertainty in the national hockey league. Journal of Sports Economics, 13, 364–377. doi: 10.1177/1527002512450260
- Cummiskey, G. (2016, July 16). Expansion stateside seen best way forward for growth. Irish Times.
- Dobson, S., Goddard, J., & Wilson, J. O. S. (2001). League structure and match attendances in English rugby league. International Review of Applied Economics, 15, 335–351. doi: 10.1080/02692170110052374
- Fort, R., & Quirk, J. (1995). Cross-subsidization incentives and outcomes in professional team sports. Journal of Economic Literature, 33, 1265–1299.
- Fort, R., & Quirk, J. (2010). Optimal competitive balance in single-game ticket sports leagues. Journal of Sports Economics, 11, 587–601. doi: 10.1177/1527002509359906
- Garcia, J., & Rodriguez, P. (2002). The determinants of football match attendance revisited: Empirical evidence from the Spanish football league. Journal of Sports Economics, 3, 18–38. doi: 10.1177/152700250200300103
- Garcia, J., & Rodriguez, P. (2006). The determinants of TV audience for Spanish football: A first approach. In P. Rodriguez, S. Késenne, & J. Garcia (Eds.), Sports economics after fifty years: Essays in honour of Simon Rottenberg (pp. 147–367). Oviedo: Ediciones de la Universidad de Oviedo.
- Gitter, S. R., & Rhoads, T. A. (2010). Determinants of minor league baseball attendance. Journal of Sports Economics, 11, 614–628. doi: 10.1177/1527002509359758
- Hogan, V., Massey, P., & Massey, S. (2013). Competitive balance and match attendance in European rugby union leagues. Economic and Social Review, 44, 425–446.
- Janssens, P., & Késenne, S. (1987). Belgian football attendances. Tijdschrift voor Economie en Management, 32, 305–315.
- Jena, F., & Reilly, B. (2016). Testing the uncertainty outcome hypothesis using data from second tier soccer in Ireland. Applied Economics Letters, doi:10.1080/13504851.2016.1148252
- Jones, S. (2014, March 2). Dragons unboubted fire doused by a competition that’s all over the place. Sunday Times.
- Jones, J. C. H., Schofield, J. A., & Giles, D. E. A. (2000). Our fans in the north: The demand for British rugby league. Applied Economics, 32, 1877–1887. doi: 10.1080/000368400425099
- Kesenne, S. (2015). Revenue sharing and absolute league quality: Talent investment and talent allocation. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 62, 51–58. doi: 10.1111/sjpe.12062
- King, N., Owen, P. D., & Audas, R. (2012). Playoff uncertainty, match uncertainty and attendance at Australian national rugby league matches. Economic Record, 88, 262–277. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-4932.2011.00778.x
- Koning, R. H. (2012). Regression tests and the efficiency of fixed odds betting markets. International Journal of Sport Finance, 7, 262–274.
- Kuypers, T. (1996). The beautiful game? An econometric study of why people watch English football, Discussion Paper in Economics 96–01, University College London.
- Lee, Y. H. (2009). The impact of postseason restructuring on the competitive balance and fan demand in major league baseball. Journal of Sports Economics, 10, 219–235. doi: 10.1177/1527002509337498
- Lee, Y. H., & Fort, R. (2012). Competitive balance: Time series lessons from the English premier league. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 59, 266–282. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9485.2012.00580.x
- Leeds, M., & von Allmen, P. (2005). The economics of sport, (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Addison Wesley.
- Lemke, R. J., Leonard, M., & Tlhokwane, K. (2010). Estimating attendance at major league baseball games for the 2007 season. Journal of Sports Economics, 11, 316–348. doi: 10.1177/1527002509337212
- Lenten, L. J. A. (2009a). Unobserved components in competitive balance and match attendance in The Australian football league 1945–2005: Where is all the action happening? Economic Record, 85, 181–196. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-4932.2009.00545.x
- Lenten, L. J. A. (2009b). Towards a new dynamic measure of competitive balance: A study applied to Australia’s two major professional ‘football’ leagues. Economic Analysis & Policy, 39, 407–428. doi: 10.1016/S0313-5926(09)50036-7
- Madalozzo, R., & Villar, R. B. (2009). Brazilian football: What brings fans to the game? Journal of Sports Economics, 10, 639–650. doi: 10.1177/1527002509335572
- Meehan, J. W. Jr., Nelson, R. A., & Richardson, T. V. (2007). Competitive balance and game attendance in major league baseball. Journal of Sports Economics, 8, 563–580. doi: 10.1177/1527002506296545
- Neale, W. C. (1964). The peculiar economics of professional sports: A contribution to the theory of the firm in sporting competition and in market competition. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 78, 1–14. doi: 10.2307/1880543
- Noll, R. G. (1988). Professional basketball, studies in industrial economics (Working Paper No. 144). Stanford, CA: Stanford University.
- Noll, R. G. (2007). Broadcasting and team sports. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 54, 400–421. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9485.2007.00422.x
- Owen, P. D., & Weatherston, C. R. (2004a). Uncertainty of outcome and super 12 rugby union attendance: Application of a general-to-specific modeling strategy. Journal of Sports Economics, 5, 347–370. doi: 10.1177/1527002503259062
- Owen, P. D., & Weatherston, C. R. (2004b). Uncertainty of outcome, player quality and attendance at national provincial championship rugby union matches: An evaluation in light of the competitions review. Economic Papers, 23, 301–324. doi: 10.1111/j.1759-3441.2004.tb00985.x
- Paton, D., & Cooke, A. (2005). Attendance at county cricket: An economic analysis. Journal of Sports Economics, 6, 24–45. doi: 10.1177/1527002503261487
- Paul, R. J., & Weinbach, A. P. (2011). An analysis of the last hour of betting in the NFL. International Journal of Sport Finance, 6, 307–316.
- Pawlowski, T., Brewer, C., & Hovemann, A. (2010). Top clubs’ performance and the competitive situation in European domestic football competitions. Journal of Sports Economics, 11, 186–202. doi: 10.1177/1527002510363100
- Peel, D., & Thomas, D. (1988). Outcome uncertainty and the demand for football: An analysis of match attendances in the English football league. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 35, 242–249. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9485.1988.tb01049.x
- Reilly, B. (2015). The demand for league of Ireland football. Economic and Social Review, 46, 485–509.
- Rottenberg, S. (1956). The baseball players’ labor market. Journal of Political Economy, 64, 242–258. doi: 10.1086/257790
- Sacheti, A. Gregory-Smith, I., & Paton, D. (2014). Uncertainty of outcome or strengths of teams: An economic analysis of attendance demand for international cricket. Applied Economics, 46, 2034–2046. doi: 10.1080/00036846.2014.892203
- Scully, G. W. (1989). The business of major league baseball. Chicago, IL: Chicago University Press.
- Szymanski, S. (2001). Income inequality, competitive balance and the attractiveness of team sports: Some evidence and a natural experiment from English soccer. The Economic Journal, 111, 69–84. doi: 10.1111/1468-0297.00599
- Szymanski, S. (2003). The economic design of sporting contests. Journal of Economic Literature, 41, 1137–1187. doi: 10.1257/jel.41.4.1137
- Szymanski, S. (2007). The champions league and the Coase theorem. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 54, 355–373. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9485.2007.00419.x
- Szymanski, S. (2009). Playbooks and checkbooks an introduction to the economics of modern sports. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
- Szymanski, S., & Kesenne, S. (2004). Competitive balance and gate revenue sharing in team sports. Journal of Industrial Economics, 52, 165–177. doi: 10.1111/j.0022-1821.2004.00220.x
- Thornley, G. (2014, April 11). IRFU will continue to receive €5.1 m. Irish Times.
- Vrooman, J. (2007). Theory of the beautiful game: The unification of European football. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 54, 314–354. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9485.2007.00418.x
- Watanabe, N. M. (2012). Japanese professional soccer attendances and the effects of regions, competitive balance and rival franchises. International Journal of Sport Finance, 7, 309–323.
- Williams, P. (2012). Any given Saturday: Competitive balance in elite English rugby union. Managing Leisure, 17, 88–105. doi: 10.1080/13606719.2012.674388