695
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

The determinants and income elasticities of direct and indirect sports expenditure categories

, , &
Pages 175-192 | Received 19 Aug 2016, Accepted 10 May 2017, Published online: 03 Aug 2017

References

  • Andreff, M., & Andreff, W. (2009). Global trade in sports goods. European Sports Management Quarterly, 9, 259–294. doi: 10.1080/16184740903024029
  • Aristei, D., & Pieroni, L. (2008). A double-hurdle approach to modelling tobacco consumption in Italy. Applied Economics, 40, 2463–2476. doi: 10.1080/00036840600970229
  • Becker, G. (1965). A theory of the allocation of time. Economic Journal, 75, 493–517. doi: 10.2307/2228949
  • Berret, T., & Reimer, R. (2005). The economic significance of amateur sport in the city of Calgary in 2002. Edmonton: Caminata Consulting.
  • Bloom, M., Grant, M., & Watt, D. (2005). Strengthening Canada. The socio-economic benefits of sports participation in Canada. Ottawa: Conference Board of Canada.
  • Cragg, J. G. (1971). Some statistical models for limited dependent variables with application to the demand for durable goods. Econometrica, 39, 829–844. doi: 10.2307/1909582
  • Dardis, R., Soberon-Ferrer, H., & Patro, D. (1994). Analysis of leisure expenditures in the United States. Journal of Leisure Research, 26, 309–321. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/201130203?accountid=17215 doi: 10.1080/00222216.1994.11969964
  • Downward, P. (2007). Exploring the economic choice to participate in sports. Results from the 2002 general household survey. The International Review of Applied Economics, 21, 633–653. doi: 10.1080/02692170701474710
  • Downward, P., Dawson, A., & Dejonghe, T. (2009). Sports economics. Theory, evidence and policy. Oxford: Elsevier.
  • Downward, P., & Riordan, J. (2007). Social interactions and the demand for sport. An economic analysis. Contemporary Economic Policy, 25, 518–537. doi: 10.1111/j.1465-7287.2007.00071.x
  • Eakins, J. (2016). An examination of the determinants of Irish household sports expenditures and the effects of the economic recession. European Sport Management Quarterly, 16, 86–105. doi: 10.1080/16184742.2015.1067238
  • Humphreys, B. (2013). Dealing with zeros in economic data. Retrieved from https://www.ualberta.ca/~bhumphre/class/zeros_v1.pdf
  • Humphreys, B., Lee, S. L., & Soebbing, B. (2010). Consumer behaviour in lottery. The double hurdle approach and zeros in gambling survey data. International Gambling Studies, 10, 165–176. doi: 10.1080/14459795.2010.502180
  • Humpheys, B., & Ruseski, J. E. (2011). An economic analysis of participation and time spent on physical activity. The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, 11(1), 1–36. doi: 10.2202/1935-1682.2522
  • Humphreys, B., & Ruseski, J. E. (2015). The economic choice of participation and time spent in physical activity and sport in Canada. International Journal of Sport Finance, 10(2), 138–159.
  • Jones, A. M. (2000). Handbook of health economics. In A. J. Culyer & J. P. Newhouse (Eds.), Health econometrics (pp. 265–344). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
  • Késenne, S., & Butzen, P. (1987). Subsidizing sports facilities: The shadow price-elasticities of sports. Applied Economics, 19, 101–110. doi: 10.1080/00036848700000060
  • Késenne, S., Couder, J., & De Maesschalck, L. (1987). Economische impact van de sport in Vlaanderen [Economic impact of sports in Flanders]. Antwerp: Study Centre for Economic and Social Research.
  • Lera-López, F., & Rapún-Gárate, M. (2005). Sports participation versus consumer expenditure on sport: Different determinants and strategies in sports management. European Sport Management Quarterly, 5, 167–186. doi: 10.1080/16184740500188656
  • Lera-López, F., & Rapún-Gárate, M. (2007). The demand for sport: Sport consumption and participation models. Journal of Sport Management, 21, 103–122. Retrieved from http://journals.humankinetics.com/AcuCustom/Sitename/Documents/DocumentItem/6399.pdf doi: 10.1123/jsm.21.1.103
  • Lera-López, F., & Rapún-Gárate, M. (2011). Determinants of sports participation and attendance: Differences and similarities. International Journal of Sports Marketing & Sponsorship, 12, 167–190.
  • Løyland, K., & Ringstad, V. (2009). On the price and income sensitivity of the demand for sports: Has Linder’s disease become more serious? Journal of Sports Economics, 10, 601–618. doi: 10.1177/1527002509334231
  • McDonald, J. F., & Moffit, R. A. (1980). The uses of Tobit analysis. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 62, 18–21. doi: 10.2307/1924766
  • Pawlowski, T., & Breuer, C. (2011). The demand for sports and recreational services: Empirical evidence from Germany. European Sport Management Quarterly, 11, 5–34. doi: 10.1080/16184742.2010.537363
  • Pawlowski, T., & Breuer, C. (2012a). Expenditure elasticities of the demand for leisure services. Applied Economics, 44, 3461–3477. doi: 10.1080/00036846.2011.577021
  • Pawlowski, T., & Breuer, C. (2012b). Expenditures on sport products and services. In L. Robinson, P. Chelladurai, G. Bodet, & P. Downward (Eds.), Routledge handbook of sport management (pp. 354–372). Abingdon: Routledge.
  • Scheerder, J., Vandermeerschen, H., Van Tuyckom, C., Hoekman, R., Breedveld, K., & Vos, S. (2011). Understanding the game. Sport participation in Europe. Facts, reflections and recommendations (Sport Policy & Management 10). Leuven: KU Leuven/Research Unit of Social Kinesiology & Sport Management.
  • Scheerder, J., Vos, S., & Taks, M. (2011). Expenditures on sports apparel. Creating consumer profiles through interval regression modelling. European Sport Management Quarterly, 11, 251–274. doi: 10.1080/16184742.2011.577931
  • Stigler, G. J., & Becker, G. S. (1977). De gustibus non est disputandum. The American Economic Review, 67(2), 76–90.
  • Taks, M., & Késenne, S. (2000). The economic significance of sport in Flanders. Journal of Sport Management, 14, 342–365. Retrieved from http://scholar.uwindsor.ca/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1018&context=humankineticspub doi: 10.1123/jsm.14.4.342
  • Thibaut, E., Eakins, J., Vos, S., & Scheerder, J. (2016). Time and money expenditure in sports participation: The role of income in consuming the most practiced sports activities in Flanders. Sport Management Review, doi: 10.1016/j.smr.2016.12.002
  • Thibaut, E., Scheerder, J., & Claes, E. (2015). Inkomsten van de georganiseerde sportsector vanuit een bestuursperspectief [Turnover of the club-organised sports sector from a management perspective]. Praktijkgids Sportmanagement.
  • Thibaut, E., Vos, S., & Scheerder, J. (2014). Hurdles for sports consumption? The determining factors of household sports expenditures. Sport Management Review, 17, 444–454. doi: 10.1016/j.smr.2013.12.001
  • Tobin, J. (1958). Estimation of relationships for limited dependent variables. Econometrica, 26, 24–36. doi: 10.2307/1907382
  • van Bedaf, A., & Pilgaard, M. (2014). Danskernes forbrug af penge pa sport og motion [Danish consumption of money on sports and exercise]. Retrieved from http://www.idan.dk/vidensbank/downloads/danskernes-forbrug-af-penge-paa-sport-og-motion/4a71035f-6914-4eae-9706-a38b00de50cb
  • Vuong, Q. H. (1989). Likelihood ratio tests for model selection and non-nested hypotheses. Econometrica, 57, 307–333. doi: 10.2307/1912557
  • Weagley, R. O., & Huh, E. (2004). Leisure expenditures of retired and near-retired households. Journal of Leisure Research, 36, 101–127. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/201182612/fulltext/D38E62726DEE4C36PQ/1?accountid=17215 doi: 10.1080/00222216.2004.11950013
  • Wicker, P., Breuer, C., & Pawlowski, T. (2010). Are sports club members big spenders? Findings from sport specific analyses in Germany. Sport Management Review, 13, 214–224. doi:10.1016/j.smr.2010.09.001 doi: 10.1016/j.smr.2009.07.001
  • Wooldridge, J. M. (2006). Introductory econometrics: A modern approach (3rd ed.). Mason, OH: South-Western Publications.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.