The impact of participation frequency and travel distances for different sport participation purposes on subjective well-being: the ‘unhappy commuter’ and the happy sport tourist?

References

• Abou-Zeid, M., & Ben-Akiva, M. (2012). Well-being and activity-based models. Transportation, 39, 1189–1207. doi: 10.1007/s11116-012-9387-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alberini, A., Zanatta, V., & Rosato, P. (2007). Combining actual and contingent behavior to estimate the value of sports fishing in the Lagoon of Venice. Ecological Economics, 61, 530–541. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.05.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becchetti, L., Peloni, A., & Rossetti, F. (2008). Relational goods, sociability, and happiness. Kyklos, 61(3), 343–363. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6435.2008.00405.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Best, H., & Lanzendorf, M. (2005). Division of labour and gender differences in metropolitan car use: An empirical study in Cologne, Germany. Journal of Transport Geography, 13, 109–121. doi: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2004.04.007
   Google Scholar
• Chae, D., Wattage, P., & Pascoe, S. (2012). Recreational benefits from a marine protected area: A travel cost analysis of Lundy. Tourism Management, 33, 971–977. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2011.10.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chatzisarantis, N. L. D., & Hagger, M. S. (2007). The moral worth of sport reconsidered: Contributions of recreational sport and competitive sport to life aspirations and psychological well-being. Journal of Sports Sciences, 25(9), 1047–1056. doi: 10.1080/02640410600959954
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheung, F., & Lucas, R. E. (2014). Assessing the validity of single-item life satisfaction measures: Results from three large samples. Quality of Life Research, 23, 2809–2818. doi: 10.1007/s11136-014-0726-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darcy, S., Maxwell, H., Edwards, M., Onyx, J., & Sherker, S. (2014). More than a sport and volunteer organisation: Investigating social capital development in a sporting organization. Sport Management Review, 17, 395–406. doi: 10.1016/j.smr.2014.01.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deutschland in Zahlen. (2017). Tabelle: Siedlungs- und Verkehrsfläche - in km² [Table: Settlement and traffic area - in km²]. Retrieved from https://www.deutschlandinzahlen.de/tab/bundeslaender/umwelt-energie/umwelt/flaechennutzung/siedlungs-und-verkehrsflaeche
   Google Scholar
• Dickerson, A., Hole, A. R., & Munford, L. A. (2014). The relationship between well-being and commuting revisited: Does the choice of methodology matter? Regional Science and Urban Economics, 49, 321–329. doi: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2014.09.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diener, E., Lucas, R. E., & Oishi, S. (2002). Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and life satisfaction. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), The handbook of positive psychology (pp. 63–73). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dolan, P., Kavetsos, G., & Vlaev, I. (2014). The happiness workout. Social Indicators Research, 119, 1363–1377. doi: 10.1007/s11205-013-0543-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dolan, P., Peasgood, T., & White, M. (2008). Do we really know what makes us happy? A review of the economic literature on the factors associated with subjective well-being. Journal of Economic Psychology, 29, 94–122. doi: 10.1016/j.joep.2007.09.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DOSB. (2016). Bestandserhebung 2015 [Member statistics 2015]. Retrieved from http://www.dosb.de/de/service/download-center/statistiken/
   Google Scholar
• Downward, P., & Dawson, P. (2016). Is it pleasure or health from leisure that we benefit from most? An analysis of well-being alternatives and implications for policy. Social Indicators Research, 126(1), 443–465. doi: 10.1007/s11205-015-0887-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Downward, P., Hallmann, K., & Rasciute, S. (2018). Exploring the interrelationship between sport, health and social outcomes in the UK: Implications for health policy. European Journal of Public Health, 28(1), 99–104. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx063
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Downward, P., & Rasciute, S. (2011). Does sport make you happy? An analysis of the well-being derived from sports participation. International Review of Applied Economics, 25(3), 331–348. doi: 10.1080/02692171.2010.511168
   Google Scholar
• Downward, P., & Riordan, J. (2007). Social interactions and the demand for sport: An economic analysis. Contemporary Economic Policy, 25(4), 518–537. doi: 10.1111/j.1465-7287.2007.00071.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ettema, D., Gärling, T., Olsson, L. E., & Friman, M. (2010). Out-of-home activities, daily travel, and subjective well-being. Transportation Research Part A, 44, 723–732.
   Google Scholar
• Ferrer-i-Carbonell, A., & Frijters, P. (2004). How important is methodology for the estimates of the determinants of happiness? Economic Journal, 114(497), 641–659. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-0297.2004.00235.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gottholmseder, G., Nowotny, K., Pruckner, G. J., & Theurl, E. (2009). Stress perception and commuting. Health Economics, 18, 559–576. doi: 10.1002/hec.1389
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagströmer, M., Rizzo, N. S., & Sjöström, M. (2014). Associations of season and region on objectively assessed physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Journal of Sports Sciences, 32(7), 629–634. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2013.844349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Hallmann, K., Wicker, P., Breuer, C., & Schönherr, L. (2012). Understanding the importance of sport infrastructure for participation in different sports – findings from multi-level modeling. European Sport Management Quarterly, 12(5), 525–544. doi: 10.1080/16184742.2012.687756
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HM Government. (2015). Sporting future: A new strategy for an active nation. Retrieved 2016, from https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/486622/Sporting_Future_ACCESSIBLE.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Huang, H., & Humphreys, B. R. (2012). Sports participation and happiness: Evidence from US microdata. Journal of Economic Psychology, 33(4), 776–793. doi: 10.1016/j.joep.2012.02.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humphreys, B. R., McLeod, L., & Ruseski, J. E. (2014). Physical activity and health outcomes: Evidence from Canada. Health Economics, 23(1), 33–54. doi: 10.1002/hec.2900
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahneman, D., Krueger, A. B., Schkade, D. A., Schwarz, N., & Stone, A. A. (2004). A survey method for characterizing daily life experience: The day reconstruction method. Science, 306, 1776–1780. doi: 10.1126/science.1103572
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahneman, D., Wakker, P. P., & Sarin, R. (1997). Back to Bentham? Explorations of experienced utility. Quantitative Journal of Economics, 112(2), 375–405.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koivumaa-Honkanen, H., Kaprio, J., Honkanen, R., Viinamaki, H., & Koskenvuo, M. (2004). Life satisfaction and depression in a 15-year follow-up of healthy adults. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 39, 994–999. doi: 10.1007/s00127-004-0833-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koslowsky, M., Kluger, A. N., & Reich, M. (1995). Commuting stress: Causes, effects, and methods of coping. New York, NY: Plenum Press.
   Google Scholar
• Krueger, A. B., & Schkade, D. A. (2008). The reliability of subjective well-being measures. Journal of Public Economics, 92, 1833–1845. doi: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2007.12.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehnert, K., Sudeck, G., & Conzelmann, A. (2012). Subjective well-being and exercise in the second half of life: A critical review of theoretical approaches. European Review of Aging and Physical Activity, 9, 87–102. doi: 10.1007/s11556-012-0095-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lera-Lopez, F., Ollo-Lopez, A., & Sanchez-Santos, J. M. (2017). How does physical activity make you feel better? The mediational role of perceived health. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 12, 511–531. doi: 10.1007/s11482-016-9473-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacKerron, G., & Mourato, S. (2009). Life satisfaction and air quality in London. Ecological Economics, 68, 1441–1453. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2008.10.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, A., Goryakin, Y., & Suhrcke, M. (2014). Does active commuting improve psychological wellbeing? Longitudinal evidence from eighteen waves of the British household panel survey. Preventive Medicine, 69, 296–303. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.08.023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris, E. A., & Guerra, E. (2015). Mood and mode: Does how we travel affect how we feel? Transportation, 42, 25–43. doi: 10.1007/s11116-014-9521-x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Netz, Y., Wu, M., Becker, B. J., & Tenenbaum, G. (2005). Physical activity and psychological well-being in advanced age: A meta-analysis of intervention studies. Psychology and Aging, 20(2), 272–284. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.20.2.272
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OECD. (2008). OECD environmental outlook to 2030. Paris: OECD.
   Google Scholar
• OECD. (2013). Guidelines on measuring subjective well-being. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/statistics/Guidelines20on20Measuring20Subjective20Well-being.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Olsson, L. E., Gärling, T., Ettema, D., Friman, M., & Fujii, S. (2013). Happiness and satisfaction with work commute. Social Indicators Research, 111, 255–263. doi: 10.1007/s11205-012-0003-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Reilly, N., Berger, I. E., Hernandez, T., Parent, M., & Séguin, B. (2015). Urban sportscapes: An environmental deterministic perspective on the management of youth participation. Sport Management Review, 18, 291–307. doi: 10.1016/j.smr.2014.07.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orlowski, J., & Wicker, P. (2018). Putting a price tag on healthy behavior: The monetary value of sports participation to individuals. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 13, 479–499. doi: 10.1007/s11482-017-9536-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panza, G. A., Taylor, B. A., Thompson, P. D., White, C. M., & Pescatello, L. S. (in press). Physical activity intensity and subjective well-being in healthy adults. Journal of Health Psychology. doi:10.1177/135910531769158.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pascoe, S., Doshu, A., Dell, Q., Tonks, M., & Kenyon, R. (2014). Economic value of recreational fishing in Moreton Bay and the potential impact of the marine park rezoning. Tourism Management, 41, 53–63. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2013.08.015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pawlowski, T., Breuer, C., Wicker, P., & Poupaux, S. (2009). Travel time spending behavior in recreational sports: An econometric approach. European Sport Management Quarterly, 9(3), 215–242. doi: 10.1080/16184740903023971
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pawlowski, T., Downward, P., & Rasciute, S. (2011). Subjective well-being in European countries – On the age-specific impact of physical activity. European Review of Aging and Physical Activity, 8, 93–102. doi: 10.1007/s11556-011-0085-x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rasciute, S., & Downward, P. (2010). Health or happiness? What is the impact of physical activity on the individual? Kyklos, 63, 256–270. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6435.2010.00472.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rissel, C., Crane, M., Wen, L. M., Greaves, S., & Standen, C. (2016). Satisfaction with transport and enjoyment of the commute by commuting mode in inner Sydney. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 27, 80–83. doi: 10.1071/HE15044
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruseski, J. E., Humphreys, B. R., Hallmann, K., Wicker, P., & Breuer, C. (2014). Sport participation and subjective well-being: Instrumental variable results from German survey data. Journal of Physical Activity & Health, 11(2), 396–403. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2012-0001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rzewnicki, R., Auweele, Y. V., & De Bourdeaudhuij, I. (2003). Addressing overreporting on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) telephone survey with a population sample. Public Health Nutrition, 6, 299–305. doi: 10.1079/PHN2002427
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sebire, S. J., Standage, M., & Vansteenkiste, M. (2008). Development and validation of the goal content for exercise questionnaire. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 30(4), 353–377. doi: 10.1123/jsep.30.4.353
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• St-Louis, A., Manaugh, K., van Lierop, D., & El-Geneidy, A. (2014). The happy commuter: A comparison of commuter satisfaction across modes. Transportation Research Part F, 26, 160–170. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2014.07.004
   Google Scholar
• Stopher, P. R. (2004). Reducing road congestion: A reality check. Transport Policy, 11(2), 117–131. doi: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2003.09.002
   Google Scholar
• Stutzer, A., & Frey, B. (2008). Stress that doesn’t pay: The commuting paradox. Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 110(2), 339–366. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9442.2008.00542.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sweet, M., & Kanaroglou, P. (2016). Gender differences: The role of travel and time use in subjective well-being. Transportation Research Part F, 40, 23–34. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2016.03.006
   Google Scholar
• Völkl, K., & Korb, C. (2018). Deskriptive Statistik [descriptive statistics]. Wiesbaden: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, F., Orpana, H. M., Morrison, H., de Groh, M., Dai, S., & Luo, W. (2012). Long-term association between leisure-time physical activity and changes in happiness: Analysis of the prospective National Population Health Survey. American Journal of Epidemiology, 176(12), 1095–1100. doi: 10.1093/aje/kws199
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitehead, J., & Wicker, P. (2018). Estimating willingness to pay for a cycling event using a willingness to travel approach. Tourism Management, 65, 160–169. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2017.09.023
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO. (2010). Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Retrieved from http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2010/9789241599979_eng.pdf?ua=1
   Google Scholar
• WHO. (2018). Multisectoral and intersectoral action for improved health and well-being for all: mapping of the WHO European Region. Retrieved from http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/371435/multisectoral-report-h1720-eng.pdf?ua=1
   Google Scholar
• Wicker, P. (in press). The carbon footprint of active sport participants. Sport Management Review. doi: 10.1016/j.smr2018.07.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wicker, P., Coates, D., & Breuer, C. (2015a). Physical activity and subjective well-being: The role of time. European Journal of Public Health, 25(5), 864–868. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckv053
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wicker, P., Coates, D., & Breuer, C. (2015b). The effect of a four-week fitness program on satisfaction with health and life. International Journal of Public Health, 60(1), 41–47. doi: 10.1007/s00038-014-0601-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wicker, P., & Frick, B. (2015). The relationship between intensity and duration of physical activity and subjective well-being. European Journal of Public Health, 25, 868–872. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckv131
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wicker, P., Prinz, J., & Weimar, D. (2013). Big spenders in a booming sport: Consumption capital as a key driver of triathletes’ sport-related expenditure. Managing Leisure, 18(4), 286–299. doi: 10.1080/13606719.2013.809190
   Google Scholar
• Wooldridge, J. M. (2010). Econometric analyses of cross section and panel data (2nd ed.). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar