Cadmium and Copper Uptake and Translocation in Five Willow (Salix L.) Species

REFERENCES

• Ali , M. B. , Tripathi , R. D. , Rai , U. N. , Pal , A. and Singh , S. P. 1999 . Physico-chemical characteristics and pollution level of Lake Nainital (U.P., India): Role of macrophytes and phytoplankton in biomonitoring and phytoremediation of toxic metal ions . Chemosphere , 39 ( 12 ) : 2171 – 2182 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allen , S. E. 1989 . Chemical Analysis of Ecological Materials , Oxford, , UK : Blackwell Scientific .
   Google Scholar
• Baker , A. J. M. 1981 . Accumulators and excluders—Strategies in the response of plants to heavy metals . J. Plant Nutr. , 3 : 643 – 654 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker , A. J. M. 1993 . Cadmium sensitivity and constitutive resistance Methods in Comparative Plant Ecology , Edited by: Hendry , G. A. F. and Grime , J. P. pp. 211 – 213 . Sheffield, , UK : University of Sheffield . In
   Google Scholar
• Cunningham , S. D. and Berti , W. R. 1993 . Remediation of contaminated soils with green plants: An overview . In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. , 29P : 207 – 212 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Denny , H. J. and Wilkins , D. A. 1987 . Zinc tolerance in Betula spp. . New Phytologist , 106 : 545 – 553 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dickinson , N. M. , Punshon , T. , Hodkinson , R. B. and Lepp , N. W. 1994 . Metal tolerance and accumulation in willows Willow Vegetation Filters for Municipal Wastewater and Sludges—A Biological Purification System Edited by: Aronsson , P. and Perttu , K. pp. 121 – 127 . Uppsala In
   Google Scholar
• Eltrop , L. , Brown , G. , Joachim , O. and Brinkmann , K. 1991 . Lead tolerance of Betula and Salix in the mining area of Mechernich/Germany. . Plant Soil , 131 : 275 – 285 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greger , M. and Lindberg , S. 1986 . Effects of Cd 2 + and EDTA on young sugar beets (Beta vulgaris). I. Cd 2 + uptake and sugar accumulation. . Physiologia Plantarum , 66 : 69 – 74 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greger , M. and Landberg , T. 1999 . Use of willow in phytoextraction . Int. J. Phytorem. , 1 : 115 – 123 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grimshaw , H. M. , Allen , S. E. and Parkinson , J. A. 1989 . Nutrient elements Chemical Analysis of Ecological Materials , Edited by: Allen , S. E. pp. 81 – 159 . Oxford, , UK : Blackwell Scientific . In
   Google Scholar
• Hansson , P.-A. , Svensson , S.-E. , Hallefalt , F. and Diedrichs , H. 1999 . Nutrient and cost optimization of fertilizing strategies for Salix including use of organic waste products. . Biomass Bioenergy , 17 : 377 – 387 .
   Google Scholar
• Hogstad , O. 1996 . Accumulation of cadmium, copper and zinc in the liver of some passerine species wintering in Central Norway . Sci. Total Environ. , 183 : 187 – 194 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kahle , H. 1993 . Response of roots of trees to heavy metals . Environ. Experim. Bot. , 33 ( 1 ) : 99 – 119 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kozlov , M. V. , Haukioja , E. , Bakhtiarov , A. V. and Stroganov , D. N. 1995 . Heavy metals in birch leaves around a nickel-copper smelter at Monchegorsk, Northwestern Russia . Environ. Poll. , 90 : 291 – 299 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Landberg , T. and Greger , M. 1994 . “ Can heavy metal tolerant clones of Salix be used as vegetation filters on heavy metal contaminated land? ” . In Willow Vegetation Filters for Municipal Wastewater and Sludges—A Biological Purification System Edited by: Aronsson , P. and Perttu , K. pp. 133 – 144 . Uppsala In
   Google Scholar
• Lodge , D. J. 1989 . The influence of soil moisture and flooding on formation of VA-endo-and ectomycorrhizae in Populus and Salix. . Plant Soil , 117 : 243 – 253 .
   Google Scholar
• Nissen , L. R. and Lepp , N. W. 1997 . Baseline concentrations of copper and zinc in shoot tissues of a range of Salix species. . Biomass and Bioenergy , 12 ( 2 ) : 115 – 120 .
   Google Scholar
• Ohlson , M. and Staaland , H. 2001 . Mineral diversity in wild plants: Benefits and bane for moose . Oikos , 94 : 442 – 454 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ostman , G. 1994 . “ Cadmium in Salix—A study of the capacity of Salix to remove cadmium from arable soils ” . In Willow Vegetation Filters for Municipal Wastewater and Sludges—A Biological Purification System Edited by: Aronsson , P. and Perttu , K. 153 – 155 . Uppsala
   Google Scholar
• Perttu , K. L. 1993 . Biomass production and nutrient removal from municipal wastes using willow vegetation filters . J. Sustainable Forestry , 1 ( 3 ) : 57 – 70 .
   Google Scholar
• Punshon , T. and Dickinson , N. 1997 . Acclimation of Salix to metal stress. . New Phytologist , 137 : 303 – 314 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riddell-Black , D. 1994 . Heavy metal uptake by fast growing willow species Willow Vegetation Filters for Municipal Wastewater and Sludges—A Biological Purification System Edited by: Aronsson , P. and Perttu , K. pp. 145 – 151 . Uppsala In
   Google Scholar
• Riddell-Black , D. , Pulford , I. D. and Stewart , C. 1997 . Clonal variation in heavy metal uptake by willow. Aspects of Applied Biology, . Biomass and Energy Crops , 49 : 327 – 334 .
   Google Scholar
• Salt , D. E. , Prince , R. C. , Pickering , I. J. and Raskin , I. 1995 . Mechanisms of Cadmium mobility and accumulation in Indian Mustard . Plant Physiol. , 109 : 1427 – 1433 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salt , D. E. , Smith , R. D. and Raskin , I. 1998 . Phytoremediation . Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. , 49 : 643 – 668 .
   Google Scholar
• Talbot , R. and Etherington , J. 1987 . Comparative studies of plant growth and distribution in relation to waterlogging. Part XIII. The effect of Fe2 + on photosynthesis and respiration of Salix caprea and S. cinerea spp. oleifolia. . New Phytologist , 105 : 575 – 583 .
   Google Scholar
• Turner , A. P. and Dickinson , N. M. 1993 . Survival of Acer pseudoplatanus (sycamore) seedlings on metalliferous soils. . New Phytologist , 123 : 509 – 521 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson , C. , Pulford , I. D. and Riddell-Black , D. 1999 . Heavy metal toxicity responses of two willow (Salix) varieties grown hydroponically: Development of a tolerance screening test. . Environ. Geochem. Health , 21 : 359 – 364 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar