References
- Aaronson, C. J., Shear, M. K., Goetz, R. R., Allen, L. B., Barlow, D. H., White, K. S., … Gorman, J. M. (2008). Predictors and time course of response among panic disorder patients treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 69(3), 418–424. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.v69n0312
- Adams, G. C., Balbuena, L., Meng, X., & Asmundson, G. J. (2016). When social anxiety and depression go together: A population study of comorbidity and associated consequences. Journal of Affective Disorders, 206, 48–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.07.031
- Aderka, I. M., Nickerson, A., Boe, H. J., & Hofmann, S. G. (2012). Sudden gains during psychological treatments of anxiety and depression: A meta-analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 80(1), 93–101. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0026455
- Allen, L. B., White, K. S., Barlow, D. H., Shear, M. K., Gorman, J. M., & Woods, S. W. (2010). Cognitive-Behavior Therapy (CBT) for panic disorder: Relationship of anxiety and depression comorbidity with treatment outcome. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 32(2), 185–192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-009-9151-3
- American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association.
- Anderson, E. M., & Lambert, M. J. (2001). A survival analysis of clinically significant change in outpatient psychotherapy. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 57(7), 875–888. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.1056
- Carr, M. M., Saules, K. K., Koch, E. I., & Waltz, T. J. (2017). Testing the dose-response curve in a training clinic setting: Use of client pretreatment factors to minimize biase in estimates. Training and Education in Professional Psychology, 11(1), 26–32. https://doi.org/10.1037/tep0000135
- Cuijpers, P., Sijbrandij, M., Koole, S., Huibers, M., Berking, M., & Andersson, G. (2014). Psychological treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 34(2), 130–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2014.01.002
- Dawes, R. M. (1989). Experience and validity of clinical judgement: The illusory correlation. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 7(4), 457–467. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2370070404
- Dawes, R. M., Faust, D., & Meehl, P. E. (1989). Clinical versus actuarial judgment. Science, 243(4899), 1668–1674. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.2648573
- Derogatis, L. R., Rickels, K., & Rock, A. F. (1976). The SCL-90 and the MMPI: A step in the validation of a new self-report scale. The British Journal of Psychiatry : The Journal of Mental Science, 128(3), 280–289. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.128.3.280
- Gallagher, M. W., Payne, L. A., White, K. S., Shear, K. M., Woods, S. W., Gorman, J. M., & Barlow, D. H. (2013). Mechanisms of change in cognitive behavioral therapy for panic disorder: The unique effects of self-efficacy and anxiety sensitivity. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 51(11), 767–777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2013.09.001
- Gould, R. A., Buckminster, S., Pollack, M. H., Otto, M. W., & Yap, L. (1997). Cognitive-behavioral and pharmacological treatment for social phobia: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology: Science & Practice, 4(4), 291–306. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2850.1997.tb00123.x
- Grove, W. M., & Meehl, P. E. (1996). Comparative efficiency of informal (subjective, impressionistic) and formal (mechanical, algorithmic) prediction procedures: The clinical-statistical controversy. Psychology, Public Policy, & Law, 2(2), 293–323. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8971.2.2.293
- Hannan, C., Lambert, M. J., Harmon, C., Nielsen, S. L., Smart, D. W., Shimokawa, K., & Sutton, S. W. (2005). A lab test and algorithms for identifying clients at risk for treatment failure. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61(2), 155–163. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20108
- Hansen, N. B., & Lambert, M. J. (2003). An evaluation of the dose-response relationship in naturalistic treatment settings using survival analysis. Mental Health Services Research, 5(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:102175130
- Harnett, P., O’Donovan, A., & Lambert, M. J. (2010). The dose-response relationship in psychotherapy: Implications for social policy. Clinical Psychologist, 14(2), 39–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/13284207.2010.500309
- Hatfield, D., & Ogles, B. M. (2004). The use of outcomemeasures by psychologists in clinical practice. Professional Psychology, Research and Practice, 35(5), 485–491. https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.35.5.485
- Hofmann, S. G., Asnaani, A., Vonk, I. J. J., Sawyer, A. T., & Fang, A. (2012). The efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 36(5), 427–440. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-012-9476-1
- Howard, K. I., Kopta, S. M., Krause, M. S., & Orlinsky, D. E. (1986). The dose-effect relationship in psychotherapy. The American Psychologist, 41(2), 159–164. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.41.2.159
- Ilardi, S. S., & Craighead, W. E. (1994). The role of nonspecific factors in cognitive-behavior therapy for depression. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 1(2), 138–156. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2850.1994.tb00016.x
- Jacobson, N. S., & Truax, P. (1991). Clinical significance: A statistical approach to defining meaningful change in psychotherapy research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 59(1), 12–19. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.59.1.12
- Kadera, S. W., Lambert, M. J., & Andrews, A. A. (1996). How much therapy is really enough? A session by sessoin analysis of the psychotherapy dose effect relationship. Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research, 5(2), 132–151. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3330412/pdf/132.pdf
- Kopta, S. M., Howard, K. I., Lowry, J. L., & Beutler, L. E. (1994). Patterns of symptomatic recovery in psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62(5), 1009–1016. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.62.5.1009
- Lambert, M. J., Hansen, N. B., Umphress, V., Lunnen, K. M., Okiishi, J., Burlingame, G. M., … Reisinger, C. R. (1996). Administration and scoring manual for the Outcome Questionnaire (OQ-45.2). American Professional Credentialing Services LLC.
- Lambert, M. J., Morton, J. J., Hatfield, D., Harmon, C., Hamilton, S., Reid, R. C., … Burlingame, G. M. (2004). Administration and scoring manual for the OQ-45.2. American Professional Credentialing Services.
- Lambert, M. J., Whipple, J. L., Bishop, M. J., Vermeersch, D., Gray, G. V., & Finch, A. E. (2002). Comparison of empirically-derived and rationally-derived methods for identifying patients at risk for treatment failure. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 9(3), 149–164. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.333
- Levy, H. C., Billingsley, A. L., Springer, K. S., Hannan, S., Das, A., & Tolin, D. F. (2018). Utility of the outcome questionnaire-45.2 in outpatient anxiety clinics: A comparison between anxiety patients with and without co-occurring depression. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 74(9), 1570–1582. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22611
- Loerinc, A. G., Meuret, A. E., Twohig, M. P., Rosenfield, D., Bluett, E. J., & Craske, M. G. (2015). Response rates for CBT for anxiety disorders: Need for standardized criteria. Clinical Psychology Review, 42, 72–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2015.08.004
- Lutz, W., Hofmann, S. G., Rubel, J., Boswell, J. F., Shear, M. K., Gorman, J. M., … Barlow, D. H. (2014). Patterns of early change and their relationship to outcome and early treatment termination in patients with panic disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 82(2), 287–297. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035535
- Newman, M. G., Przeworski, A., Fisher, A. J., & Borkovec, T. D. (2010). Diagnostic comorbidity in adults with generalized anxiety disorder: Impact of comorbidity on psychotherapy outcome and impact of psychotherapy on comorbid diagnoses. Behavior Therapy, 41(1), 59–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2008.12.005
- Olatunji, B. O., Cisler, J. M., & Deacon, B. J. (2010). Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders: A review of meta-analytic findings. The Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 33(3), 557–577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2010.04.002
- Ost, L. G. (1996). One-session group treatment of spider phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 34(9), 707–715. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(96)00022-8
- Öst, L. G. (1989). One-session treatment for specific phobias. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 27(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(89)90113-7
- Öst, L. G., Alm, T., Brandberg, M., & Breitholtz, E. (2001). One vs five sessions of exposure and five sessions of cognitive therapy in the treatment of claustrophobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 39(2), 167–183. https://doi.org/S0005-7967(99)00176-X[pii]
- Öst, L. G., Brandberg, M., & Alm, T. (1997). One versus five sessions of exposure in the treatment of flying phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35(11), 987–996. https://doi.org/S0005-7967(97)00077-6[pii]
- Otto, M. W., Tolin, D. F., Nations, K. R., Utschig, A. C., Rothbaum, B. O., Hofmann, S. G., & Smits, J. A. (2012). Five sessions and counting: Considering ultra-brief treatment for panic disorder. Depression and Anxiety, 29(6), 465–470. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.21910
- Santana, L., & Fontenelle, L. F. (2011). A review of studies concerning treatment adherence of patients with anxiety disorders. Patient Preference and Adherence, 5, 427–439. https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S23439
- Siev, J., & Chambless, D. L. (2007). Specificity of treatment effects: Cognitive therapy and relaxation for generalized anxiety and panic disorders. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75(4), 513–522. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.75.4.513
- Springer, K. S., Levy, H. C., & Tolin, D. F. (2018). Remission in CBT for adult anxiety disorders: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 61, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2018.03.002
- Talkovsky, A. M., Green, K. L., Osegueda, A., & Norton, P. J. (2017). Secondary depression in transdiagnostic group cognitive behavioral therapy among individuals diagnosed with anxiety disorders. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 46, 56–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2016.09.008
- Tang, T. Z., & DeRubeis, R. J. (1999). Sudden gains and critical sessions in cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 67(6), 894–904. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-006x.67.6.894
- Tolin, D. F., Gilliam, C., Wootton, B. M., Bowe, W., Bragdon, L. B., Davis, E., … Hallion, L. S. (2018). Psychometric properties of a structured diagnostic interview for DSM-5 anxiety, mood, and obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. Assessment, 25(1), 3–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191116638410
- Vermeersch, D. A., Lambert, M. J., & Burlingame, G. M. (2000). Outcome questionnaire: Item sensitivity to change. Journal of Personality Assessment, 74(2), 242–261. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327752JPA7402_6
- Wilson, G. T. (1999). Rapid response to cognitive behavior therapy. American Psychologist, 6(3), 289–292. https://doi.org/10.1093/clipsy.6.3.289
- Wolgast, B. M., Lambert, M. J., & Puschner, B. (2003). The dose response relationship at a college counseling center: Implications for setting session limits. Journal of College Student Psychotherapy, 18(2), 15–29. https://doi.org/10.1300/J035v18n02_03