Product placement in movies: perspectives from motion picture firms

References

• Aaker, D. A., & Keller, K. L. (1990). Consumer evaluations of brand extensions. Journal of Marketing, 54(1), 27–41. doi:10.2307/1252171
   Google Scholar
• Acebron, L. B., & Dopico, D. C. (2000). The importance of intrinsic and extrinsic cues to expected and experienced quality: An empirical application for beef. Food Quality and Preference, 11(3), 229–238. doi:10.1016/S0950-3293(99)00059-2
   Google Scholar
• Ahluwalia, R. (2002). How prevalent is the negativity effect in consumer environments? Journal of Consumer Research, 29(2), 270–279. doi:10.1086/341576
   Google Scholar
• Brandchannel. (n.d.). Brandchannel: Always branding. Always on. Retrieved March 9, 2013, from http://www.brandchannel.com/home/
   Google Scholar
• Burnkrant, R. E. (1978). Cue utilization in product perception. In K. Hunt (Ed.), Advances in consumer research (pp. 724–729). Ann Arbor, MI: Association for Consumer Research.
   Google Scholar
• Chewning, E. G., & Harrell, A. M. (1990). The effect of information load on decision makers’ cue utilization levels and decision quality in a financial distress decision task. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 15(6), 527–542. doi:10.1016/0361-3682(90)90033-Q
   Google Scholar
• Close, A. G., Moulard, J. G., & Monroe, K. B. (2011). Establishing human brands: Determinants of placement success for first faculty positions in marketing. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 39(6), 922–941. doi:10.1007/s11747-010-0221-6
   Google Scholar
• Cowley, E., & Barron, C. (2008). When product placement goes wrong: The effects of program liking and placement prominence. Journal of Advertising, 37(1), 89–98. doi:10.2753/JOA0091-3367370107
   Google Scholar
• Cox, D. F. (1967). Risk taking and information handling in consumer behavior. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Craig-Lees, M., Scott, J., & Wong, R. (2008). Perceptions of product placement practice across Australian and US practitioners. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 26(5), 521–538. doi:10.1108/02634500810894352
   Google Scholar
• Darby, M. R., & Karni, E. (1973). Free competition and the optimal amount of fraud. The Journal of Law and Economics, 16(1), 67–88. doi:10.1086/466756
   Google Scholar
• Dawar, N., & Parker, P. (1994). Marketing universals: Consumers’ use of brand name, price, physical appearance, and retailer reputation as signals of product quality. Journal of Marketing, 58(2), 81–95. doi:10.2307/1252271
   Google Scholar
• Dirks, T. (2010, May 30). Movie history - Product placement is nothing new - Just ask James Bond. Retrieved from Film Critic from http://www.filmcritic.com/features/2010/05/product-placement-in-the-movies/
   Google Scholar
• Dodds, W. B., Monroe, K. B., & Grewal, D. (1991). Effects of price, brand, and store information on buyers’ product evaluations. Journal of Marketing Research, 28(3), 307–319. doi:10.2307/3172866
   Google Scholar
• Donatello, M., & Borrell, G. (2002). What consumers tell us about paying for news online. EContent, 25(5), 36–40.
   Google Scholar
• Dunlosky, J., & Matvey, G. (2001). Empirical analysis of the intrinsic-extrinsic distinction of judgements of learning (JOLs): Effects of relatedness and serial position on JOLs. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Recognition, 27(5), 1180–1191. doi:10.1037/0278-7893.27.5.1180
   Google Scholar
• Epstein, E. J. (2006). Pushing the pseudo-reality envelope. Slate. Retrieved from http://www.slate.com/articles/arts/the_hollywood_economist/2006/03/pushing_the_pseudoreality_envelope.html
   Google Scholar
• Fabrikant, G. (1991, March 12). Sequels of hit films now often loser. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/12/movies/sequels-of-hit-films-now-often-loser.html
   Google Scholar
• Feuer, J. (1992). Genre study and television. In R. C. Allen (Ed.), Channels of discourse, reassembled (2nd ed.). Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press.
   Google Scholar
• Field, J. R., Bergiel, B. J., Giesen, J. M., & Fields, C. L. (2012). Branding: Perceptual effects on consumer evaluations. Competitiveness Review, 22(3), 251–260. doi:10.1108/10595421211229664
   Google Scholar
• Ford, G. T., Smith, D. B., & Swasy, J. L. (1990). Consumer skepticism of advertising claims: Testing hypotheses from economics of information. Journal of Consumer Research, 16(4), 433–441. doi:10.1086/209228
   Google Scholar
• Garza, S. D. (2003). The influence of movie genre on audience reaction to product placement ( Master’s thesis). Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX.
   Google Scholar
• Geigenmüller, A., & Greschuchna, L. (2011). How to establish trustworthiness in initial service encounters. The Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(4), 391–406. doi:10.2753/MTP1069-6679190403
   Google Scholar
• Gelb, B. D., & Zinkhan, G. M. (1986). Humor and advertising effectiveness after repeated exposures to a radio commercial. Journal of Advertising, 15(2), 15–34. doi:10.1080/00913367.1986.10673000
   Google Scholar
• Griffith, D. A., & Gray, C. C. (2002). The fallacy of the level playing field: The effect of brand familiarity and web site vividness on online consumer response. Journal of Marketing Channels, 9(3–4), 87–102. doi:10.1300/J049v09n03_05
   Google Scholar
• Gupta, P. B., & Gould, S. J. (1997). Consumers’ perceptions of the ethics and acceptability of product placements in movies: Product category and individual differences. Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising, 19(1), 37–50. doi:10.1080/10641734.1997.10505056
   Google Scholar
• Gupta, P. B., & Lord, K. R. (1998). Product placement in movies: The effect of prominence and mode on audience recall. Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising, 20(1), 47–59. doi:10.1080/10641734.1998.10505076
   Google Scholar
• Hall, E. (2004, March 29). Young consumers receptive to movie product placement. Advertising Age, 75(13), 8.
   Google Scholar
• Hansen, T. (2005). Perspectives on consumer decision making: An integrated approach. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 4(6), 420–437. doi:10.1002/cb.33
   Google Scholar
• Hanson, W. (2000). Principles of Internet marketing. Cincinnati, OH: South-West College Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Holden, S. J. S., & Vanhuele, M. (1999). Know the name, forget the exposure: Brand familiarity versus memory of exposure context. Psychology & Marketing, 16(6), 479–496. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1520-6793(199909)16:6<479::AID-MAR3>3.0.CO;2-Y
   Google Scholar
• Hsieh, Y.-C., Chiu, H.-C., & Chiang, M.-Y. (2005). Maintaining a committed online customer: A study across search-experience-credence products. Journal of Retailing, 81(1), 75–82. doi:10.1016/j.jretai.2005.01.006
   Google Scholar
• Interbrand. (2011). Best global brands 2011. Retrieved from http://www.interbrand.com/en/best-global- brands/best-global-brands-methodology/Overview.aspx
   Google Scholar
• Interbrand. (2012).Best global brands 2012. Retrieved from http://www.interbrand.com/en/best-global- brands/2012/Best-Global-Brands-2012-Brand-View.aspx
   Google Scholar
• Jacoby, J., Olson, J. C., & Haddock, R. A. (1971). Price, brand name and product composition characteristics as determinants of perceived quality. Journal of Applied Psychology, 55(6), 570–579. doi:10.1037/h0032045
   Google Scholar
• Jiménez-Guerrero, J. F., Gázquez-Abad, J. C., Huertas-García, R., & Mondéjar-Jiménez, J. A. (2012). Estimating consumer preferences for extrinsic and intrinsic attributes of vegetables. A study of German consumers. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(3), 539–551. doi:10.5424/sjar/2012103-342-11
   Google Scholar
• Karrh, J. A., McKee, K. B., & McKee, C. J. (2003). Practitioners’ evolving views on product placement effectiveness. Journal of Advertising Research, 43(2), 138–149. doi:10.2501/JAR-43-2-138-149
   Google Scholar
• Keller, K. L. (1993). Conceptualizing, measuring, and managing customer-based brand equity. Journal of Marketing, 57(1), 1–22. doi:10.2307/1252054
   Google Scholar
• Keller, K. L. (2012). Strategic brand management (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Kirmani, A., & Rao, A. R. (2000). No pain, no gain: A critical review of the literature on signaling unobservable product quality. Journal of Marketing, 64(2), 66–79. doi:10.1509/jmkg.64.2.66.18000
   Google Scholar
• Leavitt, C. (1970). A multidimensional set of rating scales for television commercials. Journal of Applied Psychology, 54(5), 427–429. doi:10.1037/h0029923
   Google Scholar
• Lee, J. J., & Gillen, A. M. (2010). The producer’s business handbook: The roadmap for the balanced film producer (3rd ed.). Burlington, MA: Focal Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, M., & Faber, R. J. (2007). Effects of product placement in online games on brand memory: A perspective of the limited-capacity model of attention. Journal of Advertising, 36(4), 75–90. doi:10.2753/JOA0091-3367360406
   Google Scholar
• Lee, M., & Lou, Y.-C. (1996). Consumer reliance on intrinsic and extrinsic cues in product evaluations: A conjoint approach. Journal of Applied Business Research, 12(1), 21–29. doi:10.19030/jabr.v12i1.5833
   Google Scholar
• Leone, R., & Bissell, K. L. (2005). Movie ratings and third-person perception. Atlantic Journal of Communication, 13(4), 272–291. doi:10.1207/s15456889ajc1304_4
   Google Scholar
• Litman, B. R., & Kohl, L. S. (1989). Predicting financial success of motion pictures: The ‘80s experience. Journal of Media Economics, 2(2), 35–50. doi:10.1080/08997768909358184
   Google Scholar
• McDaniel, C., & Baker, R. C. (1977). Convenience food packaging and the perception of product quality. Journal of Marketing, 41(4), 57–58. doi:10.2307/1250234
   Google Scholar
• Mork, C. (1993, May 24). Product placement gets kick out of PG pix. Variety, 5.
   Google Scholar
• Moschis, G. P. (1996). Gerontographics: Life-stage segmentation for marketing strategy development. Westport, CT: Quorum Books.
   Google Scholar
• MPAA. (2011). Theatrical market statistics. Retrieved from http://www.mpaa.org/Resources/5bec4ac9-a95e-443b-987b-bff6fb5455a9.pdf
   Google Scholar
• MPAA. (n.d.). Film ratings. Retrieved from http://www.mpaa.org/film-ratings/
   Google Scholar
• Nelson, P. (1970). Information and consumer behavior. Journal of Political Economy, 78(2), 311–329. doi:10.1086/259630
   Google Scholar
• Nelson, P. (1974). Advertising as information. Journal of Political Economy, 82(4), 729–754. doi:10.1086/260231
   Google Scholar
• Norris, C. E., & Colman, A. M. (1993). Context effects on memory for television advertisements. Social Behavior and Personality: an International Journal, 21(4), 279–296. doi:10.2224/sbp.1993.21.4.279
   Google Scholar
• Olson, J. C. (1972). Cue utilization in the quality perception process: A cognitive model and an empirical test ( Doctoral dissertation). Purdue University.
   Google Scholar
• Olson, J. C., & Jacoby, J. (1972). Cue utilization in the quality perception process. In M. Ventatesan (ed.), Proceedings of third annual conference association for consumer research (pp. 167–179). Chicago, IL: Association for Consumer Research.
   Google Scholar
• Ong, B. S. (1995). Should product placement in movies be banned? Journal of Promotion Management, 2(3–4), 159–176. doi:10.1300/J057v02n03_09
   Google Scholar
• Osterhout, J. (2012). Welcome to the Bond market … and the pricey world of product placement in 007 movies. Daily News. Retrieved from http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/bond-market-007-movies-article-1.1197053
   Google Scholar
• Peter, J. P., & Olson, J. C. (1987). Consumer behavior: Marketing strategy perspective. Homewood, IL: Irwin.
   Google Scholar
• Pincus, S., & Waters, L. K. (1975). Product quality ratings as a function of availability of intrinsic product cues and price information. Journal of Applied Psychology, 60(2), 280–282. doi:10.1037/h0076543
   Google Scholar
• Pompper, D., & Choo, Y.-F. (2008). Advertising in the age of TiVo: Targeting teens and young adults with film and television product placements. Atlantic Journal of Communication, 16(1), 49–69. doi:10.1080/15456870701647656
   Google Scholar
• Pulliam, M. F. T. (2012). Product placement decisions on-set ( Master’s thesis). Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA.
   Google Scholar
• Rao, A. R., & Monroe, K. B. (1988). The moderating effect of prior knowledge on cue utilization in product evaluations. Journal of Consumer Research, 15(2), 253–264. doi:10.1086/209162
   Google Scholar
• Research and Markets. (2012, December). Global product placement spending forecast 2012-2016. Research and Markets. Retrieved from http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/dq643c/global_product
   Google Scholar
• Richardson, P. S., Dick, A. S., & Jain, A. K. (1994). Extrinsic and intrinsic cue effects on perceptions of store brand quality. Journal of Marketing, 58(4), 28–36. doi:10.2307/1251914
   Google Scholar
• Russell, C. A., & Belch, M. (2005). A managerial investigation into the product placement industry. Journal of Advertising Research, 45(1), 73–92. doi:10.1017/S0021849905050038
   Google Scholar
• Sapolsky, B. S., & Kinney, L. (1994). You oughta be in pictures: Product placements in the top grossing films of 1991. In K. W. King (Ed.), Proceedings of the 1994 conference of the American Academy of Advertising (pp. 89). Athens, GA: American Academy of Advertising.
   Google Scholar
• Sargent, J. D., Tickle, J. J., Beach, M. L., Dalton, M. A., Ahrens, M. B., & Heatherton, T. F. (2001). Brand appearances in contemporary cinema films and contribution to global marketing of cigarettes. The Lancet, 357(9249), 29–32. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)03568-6
   Google Scholar
• Sawyer, A. G., Worthing, P. M., & Sendak, P. E. (1979). The role of laboratory experiments to test marketing strategies. Journal of Marketing Strategies, 43(3), 60–67. doi:10.2307/1250147
   Google Scholar
• Schumann, D. W., & Thorson, E. (1990). The influence of viewing context on commercial effectiveness: A selection processing model. Current Issues and Research in Advertising, 12(1), 1–24. doi:10.1080/01633392.1990.10504941
   Google Scholar
• Selnes, F. (1993). An examination of the effect of product performance on brand reputation, satisfaction and loyalty. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 2(4), 45–60. doi:10.1108/EUM0000000002981
   Google Scholar
• Shapiro, C. (1983). Premiums for high quality products as returns to reputations. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 98(4), 659–679. doi:10.2307/1881782
   Google Scholar
• Stanley, T. L. (2003). Universal asks brands: Can we be co-creators? Advertising Age, 74(47), 10.
   Google Scholar
• Stern, B. B., & Russell, C. A. (2004). Consumer responses to product placement in television sitcoms: Genre, sex, and consumption. Consumption Markets & Culture, 7, 371–394. doi:10.1080/1025386042000316324
   Google Scholar
• Sung, Y., Choi, J., & De Gregorio, F. (2008). Brand placements in Korean films, 1995-2003: A content analysis. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 20(3–4), 39–53. doi:10.1080/08961530802129227
   Google Scholar
• Swait, J., Erdem, T., Louviere, J., & Dubelaar, C. (1993). The equalization price: A measure of consumer-perceived brand equity. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 10(1), 23–45. doi:10.1016/0167-8116(93)90031-S
   Google Scholar
• Szybillo, G. J., & Jacoby, J. (1974). Intrinsic versus extrinsic cues as determinants of perceived product quality. Journal of Applied Psychology, 59(1), 74–78. doi:10.1037/h0035796
   Google Scholar
• Teas, R. K., & Agarwal, S. (2000). The effects of extrinsic product cues on consumers’ perceptions of quality, sacrifice, and value. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 28(2), 278–290. doi:10.1177/0092070300282008
   Google Scholar
• The Numbers. (2013). Top-grossing genres 1995 to 2012. The Numbers. Retrieved from http://www.the-numbers.com/market/Genres/
   Google Scholar
• The Numbers. (2014). Market share for each distributor 1995-2014. The Numbers. Retrieved from http://www.the-numbers.com/market/distributors
   Google Scholar
• The State of the News Media. (2012). The State of the News Media 2012. Retrieved from http://stateofthemedia.org/
   Google Scholar
• Toften, K., & Olsen, S. O. (2004). The relationships among quality, cost, value, and use of export market information: An empirical study. Journal of International Marketing, 12(2), 104–131. doi:10.1509/jimk.12.2.104.32899
   Google Scholar
• Troup, M. L. (1991). The captive audience: A content analysis of product placement in motion pictures ( Unpublished master’s thesis). Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL.
   Google Scholar
• Turner, G. (2006). Film as social practice IV. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Ulin, J. C., & Simpson, C. (2012). The business of media distribution: Monetizing film, TV, and video content. Oxford: Focal Press.
   Google Scholar
• Valenzi, E. R., & Andrews, I. R. (1971). Effect of price information on product quality ratings. Journal of Applied Psychology, 55(1), 87–91. doi:10.1037/h0030636
   Google Scholar
• Van Osselaer, S. M. J., & Alba, J. W. (2000). Consumer learning and brand equity. Journal of Consumer Research, 27(1), 1–16. doi:10.1086/314305
   Google Scholar
• Van Reijmersdal, E. A., Jansz, J., Peters, O., & Van Noort, G. (2010). The effects of interactive brand placements in online games on children’s cognitive, affective, and conative brand responses. Computers in Human Behavior, 26(6), 1787–1794. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2010.07.006
   Google Scholar
• Vogel, H. L. (2010). Entertainment industry economics: A guide for financial analysis. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Weinberger, M. G., Spotts, H. E., Campbell, L., & Parsons, A. L. (1995). The use of humor in different advertising media. Journal of Advertising Research, 35(3), 44–56.
   Google Scholar
• Wheatley, J. J., & Chiu, J. S. Y. (1977). The effects of price, store image, and product and respondent characteristics on perceptions of quality. Journal of Marketing Research, 14(2), 181–186. doi:10.2307/3150467
   Google Scholar
• Zeithaml, V. A. (1988). Consumer perceptions of price, quality, and value: A means-end model and synthesis of evidence. Journal of Marketing, 52(3), 2–22. doi:10.2307/1251446.
   Google Scholar