1,728
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Study Design Article

Healer-led vs. clinician-led training to improve personal protective equipment use among traditional healers in South Africa: a randomized controlled trial protocol

, , , ORCID Icon, & ORCID Icon
Article: 1898131 | Received 08 Dec 2020, Accepted 01 Mar 2021, Published online: 02 Apr 2021

References

  • King R. Collaboration with traditional healers in HIV/AIDS prevention and care in sub-Saharan Africa: a literature review. UNAIDS Best Practices Collection; 2000. Available from: http://data.unaids.org/Publications/IRC-pub01/jc299-tradheal_en.pdf
  • Audet CM, Ngobeni S, Graves E, et al. Mixed methods inquiry into traditional healers’ treatment of mental, neurological and substance abuse disorders in rural South Africa. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0188433. PubMed PMID: 29261705; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5736181.
  • Audet CM, Ngobeni S, Wagner RG. Traditional healer treatment of HIV persists in the era of ART: a mixed methods study from rural South Africa. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017 Aug 30;17:434. PubMed PMID: 28854905; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5577748.
  • Moshabela M, Bukenya D, Darong G, et al. Traditional healers, faith healers and medical practitioners: the contribution of medical pluralism to bottlenecks along the cascade of care for HIV/AIDS in Eastern and Southern Africa. Sex Transm Infect. 2017 Jul;93. PubMed PMID: 28736393; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5739844:e052974.
  • Moshabela M, Pronyk P, Williams N, et al. Patterns and implications of medical pluralism among HIV/AIDS patients in rural South Africa. AIDS Behav. 2011 May;15:842–11. PubMed PMID: 20628898.
  • Republic of South Africa. Traditional HealthPractitioners Act, 2007. Vol. 511. Cape Town. 10 January 2008.https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_document/201409/a22-07.pdf.
  • Audet CM, Ngobeni S, Mkansi M, et al. Occupational hazards of traditional healers in rural South Africa: bloodborne pathogen exposures and risk of HIV transmission. Late Breaker Poster Presentation presented at: 22nd International AIDS Conference; 2018 Jul 23–27; Amsterdam, Netherlands.
  • Oswald IH. Are traditional healers the solution to the failures of primary health care in rural Nepal? Soc Sci Med (1982). 1983;17:255–257. PubMed PMID: 6857288.
  • Green EC. Engaging Indigenous African healers in the prevention of AIDS and STDs. In: Hahn R, editor. Anthropology in public health. Oxford: Oxford University press; 1999. p. 63–83.
  • Lin J, Puckree T, Mvelase TP. Anti-diarrhoeal evaluation of some medicinal plants used by Zulu traditional healers. J Ethnopharmacol. 2002 Jan;79:53–56. PubMed PMID: 11744295.
  • Louw CA, Regnier TJ, Korsten L. Medicinal bulbous plants of South Africa and their traditional relevance in the control of infectious diseases. J Ethnopharmacol. 2002 Oct;82:147–154. PubMed PMID: 12241989.
  • Ssali A, Butler LM, Kabatesi D, et al. Traditional healers for HIV/AIDS prevention and family planning, Kiboga District, Uganda: evaluation of a program to improve practices. AIDS Behav. 2005 Dec 9;485–493. PubMed PMID: 16249945. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-005-9019-9
  • Mills E, Cooper C, Seely D, et al. African herbal medicines in the treatment of HIV: Hypoxis and Sutherlandia. An overview of evidence and pharmacology. Nutr J. 2005;4:19. PubMed PMID: 15927053; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1156943.
  • Madamombe I. Traditional healers boost primary health care: reaching patients missed by modern medicine. Afr Renewal. 2006;19:10.
  • Rudolph MJ, Ogunbodede EO, Mistry M. Management of the oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS by traditional healers and care givers [Clinical Trial]. Curationis. 2007 Mar;30:56–61. PubMed PMID: 17515317.
  • Furin J. The role of traditional healers in community-based HIV care in rural Lesotho [Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov’t]. J Community Health. 2011 Oct;36:849–856. PubMed PMID: 21374087.
  • Zuma T, Wight D, Rochat T, et al. The role of traditional health practitioners in Rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: generic or mode specific? BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016 Aug 22;16:304. PubMed PMID: 27549895; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4994274.
  • Smyth A, Martin M, Cairns J. South Africa’s health. Traditional healers may cause dangerous delays. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed). 1995 Oct 7;311:948. PubMed PMID: 7580571; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2550941.
  • Audet CM, Blevins M, Rosenberg C, et al. Symptomatic HIV-positive persons in rural Mozambique who first consult a traditional healer have delays in HIV testing: a cross-sectional study. J Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999). 2014;66:e80–86. PubMed PMID: 24815853; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4077983.
  • Kumakech E, Achora S, Berggren V, et al. Occupational exposure to HIV: a conflict situation for health workers [Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov’t]. Int Nurs Rev. 2011 Dec;58:454–462. PubMed PMID: 22092324.
  • Joyce M, Kuhar D, Brooks J. Notes from the field: occupationally acquired HIV infection among health care workers—United States, 1985–2013. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2015. p. 1245–1246.
  • Mbaisi EM, Ng’ang’a Z, Wanzala P, et al. Prevalence and factors associated with percutaneous injuries and splash exposures among health-care workers in a provincial hospital, Kenya, 2010. Pan Afr Med J. 2013;14:10. PubMed PMID: 23504245; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3597860.
  • Anagaw B, Shiferaw Y, Anagaw B, et al. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses among medical waste handlers at Gondar town Health institutions, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 2012;5:55. PubMed PMID: 22264306; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3274440.
  • Rossouw TM, Van Rooyen M, Louw JM, et al. Blood-borne infections in healthcare workers in South Africa. S Afr Med J. 2014 Nov;104:732–735. PubMed PMID: 25909108.
  • Audet CM, Blevins M, Moon TD, et al. HIV/AIDS-related attitudes and practices among traditional healers in Zambezia Province, Mozambique. J Altern Complement Med. 2012;18:1–9.
  • Peters EJ, Immananagha KK, Essien OE, et al. Traditional healers’ practices and the spread of HIV/AIDS in south eastern Nigeria. Trop Doct. 2004 Apr;34:79–82. PubMed PMID: 15117130.
  • Wojcicki JM, Kankasa C, Mitchell C, et al. Traditional practices and exposure to bodily fluids in Lusaka, Zambia. Trop Med Int Health. 2007 Jan;12:150–155. PubMed PMID: 17207159.
  • Scorgie F, Beksinska M, Chersich M, et al. “Cutting for love”: genital incisions to enhance sexual desirability and commitment in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Reprod Health Matters. 2010 Jan 01;18:64–73.
  • Jolles F, Jolles S. Zulu ritual immunisation in perspective. Africa. 2011;70:229–248.
  • Díaz-Guio DA, Ricardo-Zapata A, Ospina-Velez J, et al. Cognitive load and performance of health care professionals in donning and doffing PPE before and after a simulation-based educational intervention and its implications during the COVID-19 pandemic for biosafety. Le Infezioni Med. 2020 Jun 1;28:111–117. PubMed PMID: 32532947.
  • Castro-Sánchez E, Cm ACADP, Me WL, et al. Evaluation of a Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Support Programme (‘PPE Helpers’) for staff during the Covid-19 pandemic in London. J Hosp Infect. 2020;109:68–77. PubMed PMID: 33307145; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7722521.
  • Christensen L, Rasmussen CS, Benfield T, et al. Trial of instructor-led training versus video lesson in training health care providers in proper donning and doffing of personal protective equipment. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2020 Aug;14:514–520. PubMed PMID: 32223776; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7156576.
  • Barratt R, Wyer M, Hor SY, et al. Medical interns’ reflections on their training in use of personal protective equipment. BMC Med Educ. 2020 Sep 23;20:328. PubMed PMID: 32967669; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7509499.
  • Kwon JH, Burnham CD, Reske KA, et al. Assessment of healthcare worker protocol deviations and self-contamination during personal protective equipment donning and doffing. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2017 Sep;38:1077–1083. PubMed PMID: 28606192; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6263164.
  • Luong Thanh BY, Laopaiboon M, Koh D, et al. Behavioural interventions to promote workers’ use of respiratory protective equipment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Dec 7;12:Cd010157. PubMed PMID: 27925149; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6464013 non‐profit organization, to conduct this Cochrane review. Bao Yen Luong Thanh: None known. Pornpun Sakunkoo: None known. David Koh: None known. Hla Moe: None known.
  • Salway RJ, Williams T, Londono C, et al. Comparing training techniques in personal protective equipment use. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2020 Aug;35:364–371. PubMed PMID: 32390583.
  • Ben-Sasson A, Lior Y, Krispel J, et al. Peer-teaching cardiac ultrasound among medical students: a real option. PLoS One. 2019;14:e0212794.
  • Tejos R, Crovari F, Achurra P, et al. Video-based guided simulation without peer or expert feedback is not enough: a randomized controlled trial of simulation-based training for medical students. World J Surg. 2021 Jan;45:57–65. PubMed PMID: 32892271.
  • Ten Cate O, Durning S. Peer teaching in medical education: twelve reasons to move from theory to practice. Med Teach. 2007 Jan 01;29:591–599.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Exposure to blood: what healthcare personnel need to know. In: National Center for Infectious Diseases Dohqpadovh, editor. Atlanta, USA: CDC; 2003. https://www.cdc.gov/hai/pdfs/bbp/exp_to_blood.pdf.
  • Kwok YL, Gralton J, McLaws ML. Face touching: a frequent habit that has implications for hand hygiene. Am J Infect Control. 2015 Feb;43:112–114. PubMed PMID: 25637115.
  • Gomez-Olive FX, Angotti N, Houle B, et al. Prevalence of HIV among those 15 and older in rural South Africa. AIDS Care. 2013;25:1122–1128. PubMed PMID: 23311396; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3778517.
  • Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Personal protective equipment New York. New York; 2004 [cited 2018 Jun 25]. Available from: https://www.osha.gov/Publications/osha3151.pdf
  • Leow JJ, Groen RS, Bae JY, et al. Scarcity of healthcare worker protection in eight low- and middle-income countries: surgery and the risk of HIV and other bloodborne pathogens. Trop Med Int Health. 2012 Mar;17:397–401. PubMed PMID: 22035344.
  • Federal Drug Administration. Personal protective equipment for infection control, 2018. Silver Spring, MD: U.S. Food and Drug Administration; 2018 [cited 2018 Jun 29]. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/productsandmedicalprocedures/generalhospitaldevicesandsupplies/personalprotectiveequipment/default.htm
  • Audet CM, Gobbo E, Sack DE, et al. Traditional healers use of personal protective equipment: a qualitative study in rural South Africa. BMC Health Serv Res. 2020;20:655. PubMed PMID: 32669101; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7362457.
  • Curran GM, Bauer M, Mittman B, et al. Effectiveness-implementation hybrid designs: combining elements of clinical effectiveness and implementation research to enhance public health impact. Med Care. 2012;50:217–226. PubMed PMID: 22310560.
  • Gertler M, Loik S, Kleine C, et al. [West Africa Ebola outbreak - immediate and hands-on formation: the pre-deployment training program for frontline aid workers of the German Red Cross, other aid organizations, and the German Armed Forces, Wuerzburg, Germany 2014/15]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2018 Apr;61:394–403. PubMed PMID: 29480365.
  • CDC. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in Healthcare settings Atlanta, GA2010. [cited 2019 Mar 27]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/hai/prevent/ppe_train.html
  • Staff Training: How to Meet OSHARequirements. J Oncol Pract. 2005 Nov;1(4):175-176. doi:https://doi.org/10.1200/JOP.2005.1.4.175. PMID: 29442589; PMCID: PMC2794563
  • Phin NF, Rylands AJ, Allan J, et al. Personal protective equipment in an influenza pandemic: a UK simulation exercise. J Hosp Infect. 2009 Jan;71:15–21. PubMed PMID: 19013670.
  • Carroll C, Patterson M, Wood S, et al. A conceptual framework for implementation fidelity. Implement Sci. 2007 Nov 30;2:40. PubMed PMID: 18053122; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2213686.
  • Von Thiele Schwarz U, Hasson H, Lindfors P. Applying a fidelity framework to understand adaptations in an occupational health intervention. Work (Reading, Mass). 2015 Jun 5;51:195–203. PubMed PMID: 24594534.
  • Amico KR. A situated-Information Motivation Behavioral Skills Model of Care Initiation and Maintenance (sIMB-CIM): an IMB model based approach to understanding and intervening in engagement in care for chronic medical conditions. J Health Psychol. 2011 Oct;16:1071–1081. PubMed PMID: 21459919.
  • Williams CK, Carnahan H. Development and validation of tools for assessing use of personal protective equipment in health care. Am J Infect Control. 2013;41:28–32.
  • Haghighat R. The development of the Brief Social Desirability Scale (BSDS). Eur J Psychol. 2007 Nov 29;3. DOI:https://doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v3i4.417
  • Sterne JA, White IR, Carlin JB, et al. Multiple imputation for missing data in epidemiological and clinical research: potential and pitfalls. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed). 2009;338:b2393. PubMed PMID: 19564179; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2714692.
  • VanderWeele TJ. Mediation analysis: a practitioner’s guide. Annu Rev Public Health. 2016;37:17–32. PubMed PMID: 26653405.