Advanced search
Publication Cover
Global Health Action Volume 17, 2024 - Issue 1
Submit an article Journal homepage
914
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on type 2 diabetes care and factors associated with care disruption in Kenya and Tanzania

Richard E. Sanyaa Chronic Diseases Management Unit, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, KenyaCorrespondence[email protected]
ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6348-9075View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Caroline H. Karugua Chronic Diseases Management Unit, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, KenyaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6914-9714View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Peter Binyarukab Department of Health Systems, Impact Evaluation and Policy, Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, TanzaniaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1892-7985View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Shukri F. Mohameda Chronic Diseases Management Unit, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, KenyaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8693-1943View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Lyagamula Kisiaa Chronic Diseases Management Unit, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, KenyaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2045-6158View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Peter Kibea Chronic Diseases Management Unit, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, KenyaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9027-9054View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Irene Mashasib Department of Health Systems, Impact Evaluation and Policy, Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, TanzaniaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4274-0843View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Grace Mhalub Department of Health Systems, Impact Evaluation and Policy, Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, TanzaniaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0417-3027View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Christopher Bunnc School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UKORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6604-1305View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Manuela Deiddad School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UKORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0921-6970View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Frances S. Maird School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UKORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9780-1135View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Eleanor Grieved School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UKORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4115-2882View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Cindy M. Grayc School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UKORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4295-6110View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Sally Mtengab Department of Health Systems, Impact Evaluation and Policy, Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, TanzaniaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6100-7562View further author information
ORCID Icon &
Gershim Asikia Chronic Diseases Management Unit, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya;e Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SwedenORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9966-1153View further author information
ORCID Icon show all
Article: 2345970 | Received 22 Jan 2024, Accepted 18 Apr 2024, Published online: 22 May 2024

References

  • World Health Organisation. Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) situation report – 22; [ cited 2020]. Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200211-sitrep-22-ncov.pdf?sfvrsn=fb6d49b1_2
  • World Health Organisation. WHO coronavirus disease (COVID-19) dashboard; 2023 [cited 2023 Sept 25]. Available from: https://covid19.who.int
  • Arsenault C, Gage A, Kim MK, Kapoor NR, Akweongo P, Amponsah F, et al. COVID-19 and resilience of healthcare systems in ten countries. Nature Med. 2022;28:1314–11. doi: 10.1038/s41591-022-01750-1. Epub 20220314. PubMed PMID: 35288697; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9205770.
  • Chudasama YV, Gillies CL, Zaccardi F, Coles B, Davies MJ, Seidu S, et al. Impact of COVID-19 on routine care for chronic diseases: a global survey of views from healthcare professionals. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020;14:965–967. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.06.042. Epub 20200623. PubMed PMID: 32604016; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7308780.
  • World Health Organization. COVID‑19 strategic preparedness and response plan: monitoring and evaluation framework, 11 May 2021. Geneva (Switzerland): World Health Organization; 2021.
  • Amu H, Dowou RK, Saah FI, Efunwole JA, Bain LE, Tarkang EE. COVID-19 and health systems functioning in Sub-Saharan Africa using the “WHO building blocks”: the challenges and responses. Front Public Health. 2022;10:856397. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.856397. Epub 20220404. PubMed PMID: 35444973; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9013894.
  • Tessema GA, Kinfu Y, Dachew BA, Tesema AG, Assefa Y, Alene KA, et al. The COVID-19 pandemic and healthcare systems in Africa: a scoping review of preparedness, impact and response. BMJ Glob Health. 2021;6:e007179. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-007179. PubMed PMID: 34853031; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8637314.
  • Delobelle PA, Abbas M, Datay I, De Sa A, Levitt N, Schouw D, et al. Non-communicable disease care and management in two sites of the Cape Town Metro during the first wave of COVID-19: a rapid appraisal. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2022;14:e1–e7. doi: 10.4102/phcfm.v14i1.3443. Epub 20220118. PubMed PMID: 35144453; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8831902.
  • Amouzou A, Maïga A, Faye CM, Chakwera S, Melesse DY, Mutua MK, et al. Health service utilisation during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sub-Saharan Africa in 2020: a multicountry empirical assessment with a focus on maternal, newborn and child health services. BMJ Glob Health. 2022;7:e008069. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-008069. PubMed PMID: 35501068; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9062456.
  • Shah K, Tiwaskar M, Chawla P, Kale M, Deshmane R, Sowani A. Hypoglycemia at the time of Covid-19 pandemic. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020;14:1143–1146. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.003. Epub 20200710. PubMed PMID: 32668399; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7347476.
  • Ayele TA, Shibru H, Mequanent Sisay M, Melese T, Fentie M, Azale T, et al. The effect of COVID-19 on poor treatment control among ambulatory hypertensive and/or diabetic patients in Northwest Ethiopia. PLOS ONE. 2022;17:e0266421. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266421. Epub 20220519. PubMed PMID: 35588110; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9119481.
  • Giorgino F, Bhana S, Czupryniak L, Dagdelen S, Galstyan GR, Janež A, et al. Management of patients with diabetes and obesity in the COVID-19 era: experiences and learnings from South and East Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. Diabet Res Clin Pract. 2021;172:108617. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108617. Epub 20201210. PubMed PMID: 33310175; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7728417.
  • Vardavas CI, Mathioudakis AG, Nikitara K, Stamatelopoulos K, Georgiopoulos G, Phalkey R, et al. Prognostic factors for mortality, intensive care unit and hospital admission due to SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies in Europe. Eur Respir Rev. 2022;31:220098. doi: 10.1183/16000617.0098-2022. Epub 20221102. PubMed PMID: 36323422.
  • International Diabetes Federation. IDF diabetes atlas 2021. 10th ed. Brussels (Belgium): International Diabetes Federation; 2021.
  • Operario D, Adler NE, Williams DR. Subjective social status: reliability and predictive utility for global health. Psychol Health. 2004;19:237–246. doi: 10.1080/08870440310001638098
  • Cochran WG. Note on an approximate formula for the significance levels of z. Ann Math Stat. 1940;11:93–95. doi: 10.1214/aoms/1177731945
  • Organization WH. Rapid assessment of service delivery for NCDs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020.
  • Solar O, Irwin A. A conceptual framework for action on the social determinants of health. Geneva (Switzerland): WHO Document Production Services; 2010.
  • Habineza JC, James S, Sibomana L, Klatman E, Uwingabire E, Maniam J, et al. Perceived impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on young adults with type 1 diabetes in Rwanda. Pan Afr Med J. 2021;40:252. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2021.40.252.28899. Epub 20211221. PubMed PMID: 35251446; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8856971.
  • Adhikari S, Titus AR, Baum A, Lopez P, Kanchi R, Orstad SL, et al. Disparities in routine healthcare utilization disruptions during COVID-19 pandemic among veterans with type 2 diabetes. BMC Health Serv Res. 2023;23:41. doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-09057-8. Epub 20230116. PubMed PMID: 36647113; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9842402.
  • Bellini B, Nreu B, Francesconi P, Mannucci E. Covid-19 pandemic, diabetes and glycemic control: results of a retrospective cohort study of 230.000 persons with diabetes in tuscany. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2022;32:2588–2593. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.07.017. Epub 20220806. PubMed PMID: 36064691; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9356641.
  • Khader MA, Jabeen T, Namoju R. A cross sectional study reveals severe disruption in glycemic control in people with diabetes during and after lockdown in India. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020;14:1579–1584. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.08.011. Epub 20200818. PubMed PMID: 32858476; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7434486.
  • Barasa E, Kairu A, Ng’ang’a W, Maritim M, Were V, Akech S, et al. Examining unit costs for COVID-19 case management in Kenya. BMJ Glob Health. 2021;6:e004159. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004159. PubMed PMID: 33853843; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8053308.
  • Bekele C, Bekele D, Hunegnaw BM, Van Wickle K, Gebremeskel FA, Korte M, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on utilisation of facility-based essential maternal and child health services from March to August 2020 compared with pre-pandemic March–August 2019: a mixed-methods study in North Shewa Zone, Ethiopia. BMJ Open. 2022;12:e059408. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059408. Epub 20220603. PubMed PMID: 36437538.
  • Dorward J, Khubone T, Gate K, Ngobese H, Sookrajh Y, Mkhize S, et al. The impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on HIV care in 65 South African primary care clinics: an interrupted time series analysis. Lancet HIV. 2021;8:e158–e65. doi: 10.1016/s2352-3018(20)30359-3. Epub 20210204. PubMed PMID: 33549166; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8011055.
  • SeyedAlinaghi S, Mirzapour P, Pashaei Z, Afzalian A, Tantuoyir MM, Salmani R, et al. The impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on service delivery and treatment outcomes in people living with HIV: a systematic review. AIDS Res Ther. 2023;20:4. doi: 10.1186/s12981-022-00496-7. Epub 20230106. PubMed PMID: 36609313; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9821373.
  • Ahoto AT, Wang W. Effects of COVID-19 outbreak on persons with chronic health conditions in Anglophone West Africa: a qualitative study involving key stakeholders. Inquiry. 2022;59:469580221092830. doi: 10.1177/00469580221092830. PubMed PMID: 35522190; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9083033.
  • García-Lara RA, Gómez-Urquiza JL, Membrive-Jiménez MJ, Velando-Soriano A, Granados-Bolivar ME, Romero-Béjar JL, et al. Anxiety, distress and stress among patients with diabetes during COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pers Med. 2022;12. doi: 10.3390/jpm12091412. Epub 20220830. PubMed PMID: 36143195; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9506161.
  • Joshi N, Lopus S, Hannah C, Ernst KC, Kilungo AP, Opiyo R, et al. COVID-19 lockdowns: employment and business disruptions, water access and hygiene practices in Nairobi’s informal settlements. Soc Sci Med. 2022;308:115191. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115191. Epub 20220706. PubMed PMID: 35930847; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9258418.
  • Akwaowo CD, Eyo CS, Umoh IO, Ekpin VI, Esubok NU. Perception and practices towards covid-19 amongst residents in Southern Nigeria. Niger Postgrad Med J. 2021;28:149–159. doi: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_554_21. PubMed PMID: 34708700.
  • Ipagala P, Mlugu EM, Mwakalukwa R, Kagashe GA. Impact of COVID-19 on the supply chain of essential health commodities: a mixed method study, in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. J Pharm Policy Pract. 2023;16:103. doi: 10.1186/s40545-023-00617-1. Epub 20230922. PubMed PMID: 37736737; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC10515070.
  • Francis JR. COVID-19: implications for supply chain management. Front Health Serv Manage. 2020;37:33–38. doi: 10.1097/hap.0000000000000092. PubMed PMID: 32842087.
  • Mugo MG. The impact of health insurance enrollment on health outcomes in Kenya. Health Econ Rev. 2023;13:42. doi: 10.1186/s13561-023-00454-7. Epub 20230816. PubMed PMID: 37584819; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC10428604.
  • Osei Afriyie D, Kwesiga B, Achungura G, Tediosi F, Fink G. Effects of health insurance on quality of care in low-income countries: a systematic review. Public Health Rev. 2023;44:1605749. doi: 10.3389/phrs.2023.1605749. Epub 20230810. PubMed PMID: 37635905; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC10447888.
  • Oyando R, Were V, Willis R, Koros H, Kamano JH, Naanyu V, et al. Examining the responsiveness of the National Health Insurance Fund to people living with hypertension and diabetes in Kenya: a qualitative study. BMJ Open. 2023;13:e069330. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069330. Epub 20230704. PubMed PMID: 37407061; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC10335555.
  • Onsongo S, Kamotho C, Rinke de Wit TF, Lowrie K. Experiences on the utility and barriers of telemedicine in healthcare delivery in Kenya. Int J Telemed Appl. 2023;2023:1487245. doi: 10.1155/2023/1487245. Epub 20230503. PubMed PMID: 37180825; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC10171985.
  • Kim EJ, Moretti ME, Kimathi AM, Chan SY, Wootton R. Use of provider-to-provider telemedicine in Kenya during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health. 2022;10:1028999. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1028999. Epub 20221121. PubMed PMID: 36478732; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9720268.
  • Qin R, Dzombak R, Amin R, Mehta K. Reliability of a telemedicine system designed for rural Kenya. J Prim Care Community Health. 2013;4:177–181. doi: 10.1177/2150131912461797. Epub 20121003. PubMed PMID: 23799704.
  • Adebayo PB, Jusabani A, Mukhtar M, Zehri AA. The changing trend of teleconsultations during COVID-19 era at a tertiary facility in Tanzania. Pan Afr Med J. 2020;35:125. doi: 10.11604/pamj.supp.2020.35.2.24977. Epub 20200728. PubMed PMID: 33282080; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7687499.
  • Baatiema L, Sanuade OA, Allen LN, Abimbola S, Hategeka C, Koram KA, et al. Health system adaptions to improve care for people living with non-communicable diseases during COVID-19 in low-middle income countries: a scoping review. J Glob Health. 2023;13:06006. doi: 10.7189/iogh.13.06006. Epub 20230303. PubMed PMID: 36862142; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9980283.
Supercharge Your Next Research Paper: Research and write your next paper with Jenni AI.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.