1,089
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Quasi-biennial oscillation signal detected in the stratospheric zonal wind at 55–65°N

&
Pages 147-152 | Received 28 Sep 2015, Accepted 27 Jan 2016, Published online: 09 Mar 2016

References

  • Akiyoshi, H., and L. B. Zhou. 2007. “Midlatitude and High-Latitude N2O Distributions in the Northern Hemisphere in Early and Late Arctic Polar Vortex Breakup Years.” Journal of Geophysical Research 112: D18305. doi:10.1029/2007JD008491.
  • Andrews, D. G., J. R. Holton, and C. B. Leovy. 1987. Middle Atmosphere Dynamics. New York: Academic Press. 313 pp.
  • Angell, J. K. 1992. “Relation between 300-mb North Polar Vortex and Equatorial SST, QBO, and Sunspot Number and the Record Contraction of the Vortex in 1988–89.” Journal of Climate 5: 22–29.10.1175/1520-0442(1992)005<0022:RBMNPV>2.0.CO;2
  • Anstey, J. A., and T. G. Shepherd. 2014. “High-Latitude Influence of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation.” Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 140: 1–21.10.1002/qj.v140.678
  • Baldwin, M. P., L. J. Gray, T. J. Dunkerton, K. Hamilton, P. H. Haynes, W. J. Randel, J. R. Holton, et al. 2001. “The Quasi-Biennial Oscillation.” Reviews of Geophysics 39: 179–229.10.1029/1999RG000073
  • Baldwin, M. P., and J. R. Holton. 1988. “Climatology of the Stratospheric Polar Vortex and Planetary Wave Breaking.” Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 45: 1123–1142.10.1175/1520-0469(1988)045<1123:COTSPV>2.0.CO;2
  • Berrisford, P., D. Dee, K. Fielding, M. Fuentes, P. Kallberg, S. Kobayashi, and S. Uppala. 2009. The ERA-Interim Archive, Era Report Series 1, Technical Report, European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Berkshire, UK, 23 pp.
  • Butler, A. H., and L. M. Polvani. 2011. “El Niño, La Niña, and Stratospheric Sudden Warmings: A Reevaluation in Light of the Observational Record.” Geophysical Research Letters 38: L13807. doi:10.1029/2011GL048084.
  • Camp, C. D., and K.-K. Tung. 2007. “The Influence of the Solar Cycle and QBO on the Late-Winter Stratospheric Polar Vortex.” Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 64: 1267–1283.10.1175/JAS3883.1
  • Dee, D. P., S. M. Uppala, A. J. Simmons, P. Berrisford, P. Poli, S. Kobayashi, U. Andrae, M. A. Balmaseda, G. Balsamo, and P. Bauer. 2011. “The ERA-Interim Reanalysis: Configuration and Performance of the Data Assimilation System.” Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 137: 553–597.10.1002/qj.v137.656
  • Dunkerton, T. J. 1997. “The Role of Gravity Waves in the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 102: 26053–26076.10.1029/96JD02999
  • Dunkerton, T. J., and M. P. Baldwin. 1991. “Quasi-Biennial Modulation of Planetary-Wave Fluxes in the Northern Hemisphere Winter.” Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 48: 1043–1061.10.1175/1520-0469(1991)048<1043:QBMOPW>2.0.CO;2
  • Gray, L. J., and J. M. Russell. 1999. “Interannual Variability of Trace Gases in the Subtropical Winter Stratosphere.” Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 56: 977–993.10.1175/1520-0469(1999)056<0977:IVOTGI>2.0.CO;2
  • Holton, J. 1992. An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology. 3rd ed., 435–436. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
  • Holton, J. R., and R. S. Lindzen. 1972. “An Updated Theory for the Quasi-Biennial Cycle of the Tropical Stratosphere.” Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 29: 1076–1079.
  • Holton, J. R., and H. C. Tan. 1980. “The Influence of the Equatorial Quasi-Biennial Oscillation on the Global Circulation at 50 mb.” Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 37: 2200–2208.10.1175/1520-0469(1980)037<2200:TIOTEQ>2.0.CO;2
  • Holton, J. R., and H. C. Tan. 1982. “The Quasi-Biennial Oscillation in the Northern Hemisphere Lower Stratosphere.” Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan 60: 140–148.
  • Karpetchko, A., E. Kyrö, and B. M. Knudsen. 2005. “Arctic and Antarctic Polar Vortices 1957–2002 as Seen from the ERA-40 Reanalyses.” Journal of Geophysical Research 110: D21109. doi:10.1029/2005JD006113.
  • Labitzke, K., and H. Loon. 1988. “Associations between the 11-Year Solar Cycle, the QBO and the Atmosphere. Part I: The Troposphere and Stratosphere in the Northern Hemisphere in Winter.” Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics 50: 197–206.10.1016/0021-9169(88)90068-2
  • Langematz, U., and M. Kunze. 2006. “An Update on Dynamical Changes in the Arctic and Antarctic Stratospheric Polar Vortices.” Climate Dynamics 27: 647–660.10.1007/s00382-006-0156-2
  • Nash, E. R., P. A. Newman, J. E. Rosenfield, and M. R. Schoeberl. 1996. “An Objective Determination of the Polar Vortex Using Ertel’s Potential Vorticity.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 101: 9471–9478.10.1029/96JD00066
  • Shi, C. H., B. Zheng, Y. J. Chen, and Y. Bi. 2009. “The Quasi-Biennial Oscillation of Water Vapor in Tropic Stratosphere.” Chinese Journal of Geophysics 52: 2428–2435.
  • Sitnov, S. A. 1996. “Vertical Structure of the Extratropical Quasi-Biennial Oscillation in Ozone, Temperature, and Wind Derived from Ozonesonde Data.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 101: 12855–12866.10.1029/95JD03434
  • Suo, L. L. 2008. Diagnostic Study on the Mechanisms of the Stratosphere Polar Vortex Influencing the Troposphere [D]. [In Chinese.] Beijing: Peking University.
  • Thompson, D. W. J., and J. M. Wallace. 1998. “The Arctic Oscillation Signature in the Wintertime Geopotential Height and Temperature Fields.” Geophysical Research Letters 25: 1297–1300.10.1029/98GL00950
  • Thompson, D. W. J., and J. M. Wallace. 2002. “Stratospheric Connection to Northern Hemisphere Wintertime Weather: Implications for Prediction.” Journal of Climate 15: 1421–1428.10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<1421:SCTNHW>2.0.CO;2
  • Walter, K., and H. F. Graf. 2005. “The North Atlantic Variability Structure, Storm Tracks, and Precipitation Depending on the Polar Vortex Strength.” Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 5: 239–248.10.5194/acp-5-239-2005
  • Waugh, D. W., and W. J. Randel. 1999. “Climatology of Arctic and Antarctic Polar Vortices Using Elliptical Diagnostics.” Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 56: 1594–1613.10.1175/1520-0469(1999)056<1594:COAAAP>2.0.CO;2
  • Wu, B., and J. Wang. 2002. “Possible Impacts of Winter Arctic Oscillation on Siberian High, the East Asian Winter Monsoon and Sea-Ice Extent.” Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 19: 297–320.
  • Zhang, H., S. Gao, and Y. Liu. 2008. “Advances of Research on Polar Vortex.” [ In Chinese.] Plateau Meteorology 27: 452–461.
  • Zhou, L. B., H. Zou, C. P. Ji, W. Wang, and Y. X. Jian. 2001. “The Scandinavia Ozone Loss and Surface Heating.” Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 18: 454–466.
  • Zou, H., and Y. Gao. 1997. “Long-Term Variation in TOMS Ozone over 60–70°S.” Geophysical Research Letters 24: 2295–2298.10.1029/97GL02311
  • Zou, H., C. Ji, and L. B. Zhou. 2000. “QBO Signal in Total Ozone over Tibet.” Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 17: 562–568.
  • Zou, H., P. Li, L. B. Zhou, S. Ma, and C. P. Ji. 2006. “On Low Ozone over the North Atlantic and High Ozone over the North Pacific.” [In Chinese.] Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Science 30: 905–912.
  • Zou, H., L. Zhou, Y. Gao, X. Chen, P. Li, C. Ji, S. Ma, and D. Gao. 2005. “Total Ozone Variation between 50° and 60°N.” Geophysical Research Letters 32: L23812. doi:10.1029/2005GL024012.
  • Zyulyaeva, Y. A., and E. A. Zhadin. 2009. “Analysis of Three-Dimensional Eliassen–Palm Fluxes in the Lower Stratosphere.” Russian Meteorology and Hydrology 34: 483–490.10.3103/S1068373909080019