Taxi ‘sugar daddies’ and taxi queens: Male taxi driver attitudes regarding transactional relationships in the Western Cape, South Africa

References

• Abdool Karim , Q. , Abdool Karim , S. S. , Soldan , K. and Zondi , M. 1995 . Reducing the risk of HIV infection among South African sex workers: socio-economic and gender barriers . American Journal of Public Health , 85 ( 11 ) : 1521 – 1525 . (doi:10.2105/AJPH.85.11.1521)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexander , L. B. and Richman , K. A. 2008 . Ethical dilemmas in evaluations using indigenous research workers . American Journal of Evaluation , 29 ( 1 ) : 73 – 85 . (doi:10.1177/1098214007313023)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson , B. 2010 . ‘Coloured’ boys talk: constructing heterosexual masculinities in a working class high school context . Journal of Psychology in Africa , 20 ( 5 ) : 635 – 647 .
   Google Scholar
• Bhana , D. and Pattman , R. 2011 . Girls want money, boys want virgins: the materiality of love amongst South African township youth in the context of HIV and AIDS . Culture, Health and Sexuality , 13 ( 8 ) : 961 – 972 . (doi:10.1080/13691058.2011.576770)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Booi, M. (2011). No more CT ‘taxi queens’. http://news.iafrica.com/sa/722565.html.
   Google Scholar
• Campbell , C. A. 1991 . Prostitution, AIDS and preventive health behavior . Social Science & Medicine , 32 ( 12 ) : 1367 – 1378 . (doi:10.1016/0277-9536(91)90197-K)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clowes , L. , Shefer , T. , Fouten , E. , Vergnani , T. and Jacobs , J. 2009 . Coercive sexual practices and gender-based violence on a university campus . Agenda , 80 : 22 – 32 .
   Google Scholar
• Do , M. and Meekers , D. 2009 . Multiple sex partners and perceived risk of HIV infection in Zambia: attitudinal determinants and gender differences . AIDS Care , 21 ( 10 ) : 1211 – 1221 . (doi:10.1080/09540120902730047)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunkle , K. L. , Jewkes , R. K. , Brown , H. C. , Gray , G. E. , McIntyre , J. A. and Harlow , S. D. 2004 . Transactional sex among women in Soweto, South Africa: prevalence, risk factors and association with HIV infection . Social Science & Medicine , 59 : 1581 – 1592 . (doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.02.003)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunkle , K. L. , Jewkes , R. N. , Nduna , M. , Jama , N. , Levin , J. and Sikweyiya , Y., et al. 2007 . Transactional sex with casual and main partners among young South African men in the rural Eastern Cape: prevalence, predictors, and associations with gender-based violence . Social Science & Medicine , 65 ( 6 ) : 1235 – 1248 . (doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.04.029)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hallman, K. (2004). Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Unsafe Sexual Behaviours among Young Women and Men in South Africa. Population Council Policy Research Division Working Paper no 190, The Population Council, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Hunter , M. 2002 . The materiality of everyday sex: thinking beyond ‘prostitution’ . African Studies , 61 : 99 – 120 . (doi:10.1080/00020180220140091)
   Google Scholar
• Hunter , M. 2010 . Love in the Time of AIDS: Inequality, Gender and Rights in South Africa , Pietermaritzburg : University of KwaZulu-Natal Press .
   Google Scholar
• Jones , L. 2006 . Sexual decision-making by urban youth in AIDS-afflicted Swaziland . African Journal of AIDS Research , 5 : 145 – 157 . (doi:10.2989/16085900609490375)
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jooste, B. (2008, April 19). Tawdry tale of the ‘taxi queens’. Cape Argus. http://www.capeargus.co.za/index.php?fArticleId=4362085.
   Google Scholar
• Journal of Psychology in Africa (2010). Special issue on the social construction of masculinities in Africa, 20(4).
   Google Scholar
• Kaufman , C. E. and Stavros , E. S. 2004 . ’Bus fare please’: the economics of sex and gifts among young people in urban South Africa . Culture, Health and Sexuality , 6 ( 5 ) : 377 – 391 . (doi:10.1080/13691050410001680492)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leclerc-Madlala , S. 2003 . Transactional sex and the pursuit of modernity . Social Dynamics , 29 ( 2 ) : 1 – 21 . (doi:10.1080/02533950308628681)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leclerc-Madlala , S. 2008 . Age-disparate and intergenerational sex in southern Africa: the dynamics of hypervulnerability . AIDS , 22 : 17 – 25 . (doi:10.1097/01.aids.0000341774.86500.53)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindegger , G. and Maxwell , J. 2007 . “ Teenage masculinity: the double bind of conformity to hegemonic standards ” . In From Boys to Men: Social Constructions of Masculinity in Contemporary Society , Edited by: Shefer , T. , Ratele , K. , Strebel , A. , Shabalala , N. and Buikema , R. 94 – 111 . Cape Town : UCT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Luke , N. 2005 . Confronting the ‘sugar daddy’ stereotype: age and economic asymmetries and risky sexual behaviour in urban Kenya . International Family Planning Perspectives , 31 ( 1 ) : 6 – 14 . (doi:10.1363/3100605)
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Luke , N. 2008 . Economic status, informal exchange, and sexual risk in Kisumu, Kenya . Economic Development and Cultural Change , 56 ( 2 ) : 375 – 396 . (doi:10.1086/522896)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Machel , J. Z. 2001 . Unsafe sexual behaviour among school girls in Mocambique: a matter of gender and class . Reproductive Health Matters , 9 ( 17 ) : 82 – 90 . (doi:10.1016/S0968-8080(01)90011-4)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacPhail , C. and Campbell , C. 2001 . ‘I think condoms are good, but aai, I hate those things’: condom use among adolescents and young people in a South African township . Social Science & Medicine , 52 : 1613 – 1627 . (doi:10.1016/S0277-9536(00)00272-0)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maganja , R. K. , Maman , S. , Groves , A. and Mbwambo , J. K. 2007 . ‘Skinning the goat and pulling the load’: transactional sex among young in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania . Aids Care , 19 ( 8 ) : 974 – 981 . (doi:10.1080/09540120701294286)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masvawure , T. 2010 . ‘I just need to be flashy on campus’: transactional sex at the University of Zimbabwe . Culture, Health and Sexuality , 12 ( 8 ) : 857 – 870 . (doi:10.1080/13691050903471441)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohamed, K. (2005). Being Taxi Queen: Reflections on the Intersubjective Nature of Fieldwork amongst Taxi Drivers in the Western Cape (Unpublished Honours Thesis), University of the Western Cape, Cape Town.
   Google Scholar
• Molo Songololo . 2000 . The Trafficking of Children for Purposes of Sexual Exploitation (South Africa) , Cape Town : Molo Songololo .
   Google Scholar
• Molatlhwa, O. (2012). Women in Mini Skirts Attacked at Taxi Rank. http://www.sowetanlive.co.za/news/2012/01/03/women-in-miniskirt-attacked-at-taxi-rank.
   Google Scholar
• Mufweba, Y. (2001, June 28). Girls who swop sex for a lift to school. Cape Argus. http://www.iol.co/za.
   Google Scholar
• Nkosasana , J. and Rosenthal , D. 2007 . The dynamics of intergenerational sexual relationships: the experience of schoolgirls in Botswana . Sexual Health , 3 : 181 – 187 . (doi:10.1071/SH06070)
   Google Scholar
• Ouzgane , L. and Morrell , R. 2005 . African Masculinities: Men in Africa from the Late Nineteenth Century to the Present , New York , NY : Palgrave Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Pattman , R. and Chege , F. (Eds.) . 2003 . Finding Our Voices: Gendered and Sexual Identities and HIV/AIDS in Education , Nairobi : UNICEF .
   Google Scholar
• Pithey , A. and Parry , C. 2009 . A descriptive systematic review of sub-Saharan African studies on the association between alcohol use and HIV infection . SaharaJ , 6 ( 4 ) : 148 – 154 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pluddemann , A. , Myers , B. and Parry , C. D. H. 2008 . Surge in treatment admissions related to methamphetamine use in Cape Town, South Africa: implications for public health . Drug and Alcohol Review , 27 ( 2 ) : 185 – 189 . (doi:10.1080/09595230701829363)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Potgieter, C., Strebel, A. & Wagner, C. (2009). Taxi Queens: Gender, Transport, Violence and HIV/AIDS. Unpublished Report, Pretoria, South Africa, South African National Roads Agency Ltd (SANRAL).
   Google Scholar
• Potgieter , C. , Pillay , R. and Rama , S. 2006 . Women, Development and Transport in Rural Eastern Cape, South Africa , Pretoria : HSRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Rama, S. (1999). The Influence of Transport on the Life Chances and Experiences of School Goers: A Case Study of the Pietermaritzburg District (Unpublished Master's Dissertation), Pietermaritzburg, University of Natal.
   Google Scholar
• Ragnarsson , A. , Townsend , L. , Thorson , A. , Chopra , M. and Ekström , A. 2009 . Social networks and concurrent sexual relationships: a qualitative study among men in an urban South African community . AIDS Care , 21 ( 10 ) : 1253 – 1258 . (doi:10.1080/09540120902814361)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ratele , K. 2006 . Ruling masculinity and sexuality . Feminist Africa , 6 : 48 – 64 .
   Google Scholar
• Ratele , K. , Fouten , E. , Shefer , T. , Strebel , A. , Shabalala , N. and Buikema , R. 2007 . “ ‘Moffies, jocks and cool guys’: boys’ accounts of masculinity and their resistance in context ” . In From Boys to Men: Social Constructions of Masculinity in Contemporary Society , Edited by: Shefer , T. , Ratele , K. , Strebel , A. , Shabalala , N. and Buikema , R. 112 – 127 . Cape Town : UCT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Shefer , T. and Foster , D. 2009 . “ Heterosex among young South Africans: research reflections ” . In The Price/the Prize: Shaping Sexualities in the New South Africa , Edited by: Steyn , M. and Van Zyl , M. 267 – 289 . Cape Town : HSRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Shefer , T. , Ratele , K. , Strebel , A. , Shabalala , N. and Buikema , R. 2007 . From Boys to Men: Social Constructions of Masculinity in Contemporary Society , Edited by: Shefer , T. , Ratele , K. , Strebel , A. , Shabalala , N. and Buikema , R. Cape Town : UCT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Shisana , O. , Rehle , T. , Simbayi , L. C. , Zuma , K. , Jooste , S. Pillay-Van-Wyk , V. 2009 . South African National HIV Prevalence, Incidence, Behaviour and Communication Survey 2008: A Turning Tide Among Teenagers? , Cape Town : HSRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Silberschmidt , M. and Rasch , V. 2000 . Adolescent girls, illegal abortion and ‘sugar daddies’ in Dar es Salaam: vulnerable victims and active social agents . Social Science & Medicine , 52 : 1815 – 1826 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skoch, I. (2010). Wanderlust: the Taxi Queens of South Africa – Swapping Sex for Rides to School – Some Girls Think that it's a ‘Good Deal’ [Web Log Post]. www.globalpost.com/dispatch/africa/101213/wanderlust
   Google Scholar
• Steffenson , A. , Pettifor , A. , Seage , G. , Rees , H. and Cleary , P. 2011 . Concurrent sexual partnerships and HIV risk among South African youth . Sexually Transmitted Diseases , 38 ( 16 ) : 459 – 466 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Townsend , L. , Rosenthal , S. , Parry , C. , Zembe , Y. , Mathews , C. and Flisher , A. 2010 . Associations between alcohol misuse and risks for HIV infection among men who have multiple female partners in Cape Town, South Africa . AIDS Care , 22 ( 12 ) : 1544 – 1554 . (doi:10.1080/09540121.2010.482128)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ulin , P. 1992 . African women and AIDS: negotiating behavioural change . Social Science & Medicine , 34 ( 1 ) : 63 – 73 . (doi:10.1016/0277-9536(92)90068-2)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Breda, Y. (1998, August 23). School girls offer their favours to score free rides from minibus drivers. Sunday Times. http://www.suntimes.co.za/1998/08/23/news/cape/news2.htm.
   Google Scholar
• Van Wieling, R. (2004). Die lewenstyle en romantiese verhoudings van ‘n groep adolessente meisies in Bishop Lavis (Unpublished Master's Thesis), University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch.
   Google Scholar
• Varga , C. A. 1997 . The condom conundrum: barriers to condom use among commercial sex workers in Durban, South Africa . African Journal of Reproductive Health , 1 ( 1 ) : 74 – 88 . (doi:10.2307/3583277)
   PubMedGoogle Scholar