References and suggested readings
- ABC News. (2012, August 30). Clint Eastwood RNC speech (COMPLETE): Actor assails Obama through empty chair [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=933hKyKNPFQ
- Barbaro, M. (2012, September 7). Eastwood says he balked at sharing speech with Romney campaign [Blog post]. Retrieved from http://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/09/07/eastwood-says-he-balked-at-sharing-speech-with-romney-campaign/?hp&_r=1
- Burgoon, J. K. (1978). A communication model of personal space violations: Explication and an initial test. Human Communication Research, 4, 129–142. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00603.x
- Burgoon, J. K. (1993). Interpersonal expectations, expectancy violations, and emotional communication. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 12, 30–48. doi: 10.1177/0261927X93121003
- Burgoon, J. K. (2009). Expectancy violations theory. In S. W. Littlejohn & K. A. Foss (Eds.), Encyclopedia of communication theory (Vol. 1, pp. 367–369). Los Angeles: Sage.
- Burgoon, J. K., & Aho, L. (1982). Three field experiments on the effects of violations of conversational distance. Communication Monographs, 49, 71–88. doi: 10.1080/03637758209376073
- Burgoon, J. K., & Hale, J. (1988). Nonverbal expectancy violations: Model elaboration and application to immediacy behaviors. Communication Monographs, 55, 58–79. doi: 10.1080/03637758809376158
- Burgoon, J. K., & Jones, S. B. (1976). Toward a theory of personal space expectations and their violations. Human Communication Research, 2, 131–146. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2958.1976.tb00706.x
- Burris, G. (2015). Prometheus in Chicago: Film portrayals of the chaining and gagging of Bobby Seale and the “real-ization” of resistance. Cinema Journal, 54(4), 26–49. doi: 10.1353/cj.2015.0046
- Campo, S., Cameron, K. A., Brossard, D., & Frazer, M. S. (2004). Social norms and expectancy violations theories: Assessing the effectiveness of health communication campaigns. Communication Monographs, 71, 448–470. doi: 10.1080/0363452042000307498
- Cohen, E. L. (2010). Expectancy violations in relationships with friends and media figures. Communication Research Reports, 27, 97–111. doi: 10.1080/08824091003737836
- Fife, E., Nelson, C. L., & Bayles, K. (2009). When you stalk me, please don’t tell me about it: Facebook and expectancy violation theory. Kentucky Journal of Communication, 28, 41–54. Retrieved from http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/98060925/when-you-stalk-me-please-dont-tell-me-about-it-facebook-expectancy-violation-theory
- Fife, E., Nelson, C. L., & Zhang, K. (2012/2013). A new horizon for a classic perspective: Facebook and expectancy violation theory. Journal of the Communication, Speech, & Theatre Association of North Dakota, 25, 13–23. Retrieved from http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/88924902/new-horizon-classic-perspective-facebook-expectancy-violation-theory
- Floyd, K., Ramirez, A., & Burgoon, J. K. (2008). Expectancy violations theory. In L. K. Guerrero & M. L. Hecht (Eds.), The nonverbal communication reader: Classical and contemporary readings (3rd ed.) (pp. 503–510). Long Grove, IL: Waveland.
- Foxnews.com. (2012, August 31). Eastwood spars with chair as Obama stand-in, calls Romney “stellar” businessman. Fox News. Retrieved from http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2012/08/30/clint-eastwood-brings-down-house-at-gop-convention.html
- Griffin, E. M., Ledbetter, A., & Sparks, G. (2015). A first look at communication theory (9th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
- Hainey, M. (2016, August 3). Clint and Scott Eastwood: No holds barred in their first interview together. Esquire. Retrieved from http://www.esquire.com/entertainment/a46893/double-trouble-clint-and-scott-eastwood/
- Hart, R. P., & Daughton, S. (2005). Modern rhetorical criticism (3rd ed.). Boston: Pearson.
- Meikle, J. (2012, August 31). Clint Eastwood chair speech provides baffling highlight at Romney coronation. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/film/2012/aug/31/clint-eastwood-chair-speech-romney
- Murphy, K. (2012, October 5). “No-Bama” hanging chair: Is it a protest? Or a symbolic lynching? Los Angeles Times. Retrieved from http://articles.latimes.com/2012/oct/05/nation/la-na-nn-nobama-chair-protest-20121005
- New York Times. (2012, August 31). Election 2012: Clint Eastwood’s R.N.C. speech [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v4KZMjUPIhY
- Petri, A. (2012, August 31). At RNC, Clint Eastwood talks to chair. Mitt Romney also spoke [Editorial]. Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/compost/post/clint-eastwood-delivers-greatest-speech-in-us-history-mitt-romney-also-there/2012/08/31/cd8485fe-f320-11e1-adc6-87dfa8eff430_blog.html?tid=a_inl&utm_term=.831bb4109829
- Ramirez, A. J., & Wang, Z. (2008). When online meets offline: An expectancy violations theory perspective on modality switching. Journal of Communication, 58, 20–39. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.2007.00372.x
- Spence, P. R., Westerman, D., Edwards, C., & Edwards, A. (2014). Welcoming our robot overlords: Initial expectations about interaction with a robot. Communication Research Reports, 31, 272–280. doi: 10.1080/08824096.2014.924337
- Times Video. (2012, August 31). Clint Eastwood’s R.N.C. Speech. Retrieved from https://nyti.ms/Q5WLSS
- Walther-Martin, W. (2015). Media-generated expectancy violations: A study of political humor, race, and source perceptions. Western Journal of Communication, 79, 492–507. doi: 10.1080/10570314.2015.1072233
- West, R., & Turner, L. (2014). Introducing communication theory: Analysis and application (5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.