The influence of live- vs. video-model presentation on the early acquisition of a new complex coordination

References

• Al-Abood, S. A., K. Davids, S. J. Bennett, D. Ashford, and M. Martinez Marin. 2001. “Effects of Manipulating Relative and Absolute Motion Information During Observational Learning of an Aiming Task.” Journal of Sports Sciences 19 (7): 507–520. doi: 10.1080/026404101750238962
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Badets, A., and Y. Blandin. 2005. “Observational Learning: Effects of Bandwidth Knowledge of Results.” Journal of Motor Behavior 37 (3): 211–216. doi: 10.3200/JMBR.37.3.211-216
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandura, A. 1969. Principles of Behavior Modification. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
   Google Scholar
• Bandura, A. 1986. Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Bandura, A., and W. Mischel. 1965. “Modification of Self-imposed Delay of Reward Through Exposure to Live and Symbolic Models.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2 (5): 698–705. doi: 10.1037/h0022655
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandura, A., D. Ross, and S. A. Ross. 1963. “Imitation of Film-Mediated Aggressive Models.” Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 66 (1): 3–11. doi: 10.1037/h0048687
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blandin, Y. 2002. “L'apprentissage par observation d'habiletés motrices: un processus s'apprentissage spécifique?” L'année Psychologique 102 (3): 523–554. doi: 10.3406/psy.2002.29605
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blandin, Y., L. Lhuisset, and L. Proteau. 1999. “Cognitive Processes Underlying Observational Learning of Motor Skills.” Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology 52 (4): 957–979. doi: 10.1080/713755856
   Google Scholar
• Blandin, Y., and L. Proteau. 2000. “On the Cognitive Basis of Observational Learning: Development of Mechanisms for the Detection and Correction of Errors.” Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology 53 (3): 846–867. doi: 10.1080/713755917
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Boutin, A., U. Fries, S. Panzer, C. H. Shea, and Y. Blandin. 2010. “Role of Action Observation and Action in Sequence Learning and Coding.” Acta Psychol (Amst) 135 (2): 240–251.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cadopi, M., J. F. Chatillon, and R. Baldy. 1995. “Representation and Performance: Reproduction of Form and Quality of Movement in Dance by Eight- and 11-Year-Old Novices.” British Journal of Psychology 86 (2): 217–225. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1995.tb02557.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caroll, W. R., and A. Bandura. 1985. “A Role of Timing of Visual Monitoring and Motor Rehearsal in Observational Learning of Action Patterns.” Journal of Motor Behavior 17 (3): 269–281. doi: 10.1080/00222895.1985.10735349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, J. 1988. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 2nd ed. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Cross, E. S., D. J. Kraemer, A. F. Hamilton, W. M. Kelley, and S. T. Grafton. 2009. “Sensitivity of the Action Observation Network to Physical and Observational Learning.” Cerebral Cortex 19 (2): 315–326. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn083.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feltz, D. L. 1982. “The Effects of Age and Number of Demonstrations on Modeling of Form and Performance.” Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 53 (4): 291–296. doi: 10.1080/02701367.1982.10605251
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feltz, D. L., D. M. Landers, and U. Reader. 1979. “Enhancing Self-efficacy in High-Avoidance Motor Tasks: A Comparison of Modeling Techniques.” Journal of Sport Psychology 1 (2): 112–122.
   Google Scholar
• Fitts, P. M. 1964. “Perceptual-Motor Skills Learning.” In Categories of Human Learning, edited by A. W. Melton, 243–285. New York: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Giroud, P., and B. Debu. 2004. “Efficacité de la démonstration explicitée ou silencieuse pour l'apprentissage de la course de haies chez l'enfant de 7 à 10 ans.” Science et Motricité 51 (1): 29–48. doi: 10.3917/sm.051.0029
   Google Scholar
• Greenhouse, S. W., and S. Geisser. 1959. “On the Methods in the Analysis of Profile Data.” Psychometrika 24: 95–112. doi: 10.1007/BF02289823
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gruetzmacher, Nicole, Stefan Panzer, Yannick Blandin, and Charles H. Shea. 2011. “Observation and Physical Practice: Coding of Simple Motor Sequences.” Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 64 (6): 1111–1123. doi:10.1080/17470218.2010.543286.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayes, S. J., N. J. Hodges, M. A. Scott, R. R. Horn, and A. M. Williams. 2006. “Scaling a Motor Skill Through Observation and Practice.” Journal of Motor Behavior 38 (5): 357–366. doi: 10.3200/JMBR.38.5.357-366
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayes, S. J., N. J. Hodges, M. A. Scott, R. R. Horn, and A. M. Williams. 2007. “The Efficacy of Demonstrations in Teaching Children an Unfamiliar Movement Skill: The Effects of Object-Orientated Actions and Point-Light Demonstrations.” Journal of Sports Sciences 25 (5): 559–575. doi: 10.1080/02640410600947074
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodges, N. J., S. Hayes, R. R. Horn, and A. M. Williams. 2005. “Changes in Coordination, Control and Outcome as a Result of Extended Practice on a Novel Motor Skill.” Ergonomics 48 (11–14): 1672–1685. doi: 10.1080/00140130500101312
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodges, N. J., A. M. Williams, S. J. Hayes, and G. Breslin. 2007. “What Is Modelled During Observational Learning?” Journal of Sports Sciences 25 (5): 531–545. doi:10.1080/02640410600946860.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horn, R. R., A. M. Williams, S. J. Hayes, N. J. Hodges, and M. A. Scott. 2007. “Demonstration as a Rate Enhancer to Changes in Coordination During Early Skill Acquisition.” Journal of Sports Sciences 25 (5): 599–614. doi: 10.1080/02640410600947165
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horn, R. R., A. M. Williams, and M. A. Scott. 2002. “Learning from Demonstrations: The Role of Visual Search During Observational Learning from Video and Point-Light Models.” Journal of Sports Sciences 20 (3): 253–269. doi: 10.1080/026404102317284808
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horn, R. R., A. M. Williams, M. A. Scott, and N. J. Hodges. 2005. “Visual Search and Coordination Changes in Response to Video and Point-Light Demonstrations Without KR.” Journal of Motor Behavior 37 (4): 265–274.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huberty, C. J., and J. D. Morris. 1989. “Multivariate Analysis Versus Multiple Univariate Analyses.” Psychological Bulletin 105 (2): 302–308. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.105.2.302
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ille, A., and M. Cadopi. 1995. “Reproducing Choregraphic Walks from the Observation of a Kinematic Point-Light Displays: Effect of Skill Level.” Journal of Human Movement Studies 29: 104–114.
   Google Scholar
• Kampiotis, S., and K. Theodorakou. 2006. “The Influence of Five Different Types of Observation based Teaching on the Cognitive Level of Learning.” Kinesiology 38 (2): 116–125.
   Google Scholar
• Lafont, L. 2002. “Efficacité comparée de la démonstration explicitée et de l'imitation-modélisation interactive pour l'acquisition d'une séquence dansée chez des adolescentes de 12 à 15 ans.” STAPS 58: 69–79. doi: 10.3917/sta.058.0069
   Google Scholar
• Landers, D. M., and D. M. Landers. 1973. “Teacher Versus Peer Models: Effects of Model's Presence and Performance Level on Motor Behavior.” Journal of Motor Behavior 5 (3): 129–139. doi: 10.1080/00222895.1973.10734958
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leary, M. R., and E. M. Altmaier. 1980. “Type I Error in Counseling Research: A Plea for Multivariate Analyses.” Journal of Counseling Psychology 27: 611–615. doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.27.6.611
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mc Cullagh, P., and J. K. Caird. 1990. “Correct and Learning Models and the Use of Model Knowledge of Results in the Acquisition and Retention of a Motor Skill.” Journal of Human Movement Studies 18: 107–116.
   Google Scholar
• Mc Cullagh, P., M. R. Weiss, and D. Ross. 1989. “Modeling Considerations in Motor Skill Acquisition and Performance: An Integrated Approach.” In Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, edited by Kent B. Pandolf, 475–512. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins.
   Google Scholar
• Newell, K. M. 1985. “Coordination, Control and Skill.” In Differing Perspectives in Motor Learning Memory and Control, edited by D. Goodman, R. B. Wilberg, and I. M. Franks, 295–317. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Newell, K. M., and C. B. Walter. 1981. “Kinematic and Kinetic Parameters as Information Feedback in Motor Skill Acquisition.” Journal of Human Movement Studies 7: 235–254.
   Google Scholar
• Ripoll, H. 1991. “The Understanding-Acting Process in Sport: The Relationship Between the Semantic and the Sensorimotor Visual Function.” International Journal of Sport Psychology 22: 221–243.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Runeson, S. 1984. “Perception of Biological Motion; the KSD Principle and the Implications of a Distal Versus Proximal Approach.” In Perceiving Events and Objects, edited by G. Jansson, S. Bergstrom, and W. Epstein, 383–405. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Schmidt, R. A. 1975. “A Schema Theory of Discrete Motor Skill Learning.” Psychological Review 82 (4): 225–260. doi: 10.1037/h0076770
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt, R. A., and T. D. Lee. 2011. Motor Control and Learning: A Behavioral Emphasis. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
   Google Scholar
• Scully, D. M., and K. M. Newell. 1985. “Observational Learning and the Acquisition of Motor Skills: Toward a Visual Perception Perspective.” Journal of Human Movement Studies 11: 169–186.
   Google Scholar
• Sheffield, F. N. 1961. “Theoretical Considerations in the Learning of Complex Sequential Tasks from Demonstrations and Practice.” In Student Response in Programmed Instruction, edited by A. A. Lumsdaine, 13–32. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences National Research Council.
   Google Scholar
• Sherwood, D. E., and T. D. Lee. 2003. “Schema Theory: Critical Review and Implications for the Role of Cognition in a New Theory of Motor Learning.” Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 74 (4): 376–382. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2003.10609107
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shrout, P. E., and J. L. Fleiss. 1979. “Intraclass Correlations: Uses in Assessing Rater Reliability.” Psychological Bulletin 86 (2): 420–428. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.86.2.420
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suen, H. K. 1988. “Agreement, Reliability, Accuracy, and Validity: Toward a Clarification.” Behavioral Assess 10: 343–366.
   Google Scholar
• Weeks, D. L., and L. P. Anderson. 2000. “The Interaction of Observational Learning with Overt Practice: Effects on Motor Skill Learning.” Acta Psychologica 104 (2): 259–271. doi: 10.1016/S0001-6918(00)00039-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, J. G. 1993. “Motoric Modeling: Theory and Research.” Journal of Human Movement Studies 25: 237–279.
   Google Scholar
• Williams, A. M., K. Davids, and J. G. Williams. 1999. Visual Perception and Action in Sport. London: E & FN Spon.
   Google Scholar
• Winer, B. J. 1971. Statistical Principles in Experimental Design. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Winnykamen, F., and L. Lafont. 1990. “Place de l'imitation-modélisation parmi les modalités relationnelles d'acquisition: le cas des habiletés motrices.” Revue Française de Pédagogie 92: 23–30. doi: 10.3406/rfp.1990.1378
   Google Scholar