A longitudinal analysis of local innovation in Italy: How do proximity measures matter?

REFERENCES

• Acs, Z. J., Anselin, L., & Varga, A. (2002). Patents and innovation counts as measures of regional production of new knowledge. Research Policy, 31(7), 1069–1085. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(01)00184-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aliasghar, O., Sadeghi, A., & Rose, E. L. (2023). Process innovation in small- and medium-sized enterprises: The critical roles of external knowledge sourcing and absorptive capacity. Journal of Small Business Management, 61(4), 1583–1610. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2020.1844491
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anselin, L., Bera, A. K., Florax, R., & Yoon, M. J. (1996). Simple diagnostic tests for spatial dependence. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 26(1), 77–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-0462(95)02111-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ardito, L., D’Adda, D., & Messeni Petruzzelli, A. (2018). Mapping innovation dynamics in the internet of things domain: Evidence from patent analysis. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 136, 317–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2017.04.022
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aronica, M., Fazio, G., & Piacentino, D. (2022). A micro-founded approach to regional innovation in Italy. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 176, 121494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121494
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ascani, A., Balland, P.-A., & Morrison, A. (2020a). Heterogeneous foreign direct investment and local innovation in Italian Provinces. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 53, 388–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2019.06.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ascani, A., Bettarelli, L., Resmini, L., & Balland, P.-A. (2020b). Global networks, local specialisation and regional patterns of innovation. Research Policy, 49(8), 104031. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2020.104031
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Audretsch, D. B. and Feldman, M. P. (2004). Knowledge spillovers and the geography of innovation. In Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics (4, pp. 2713–2739). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1574-0080(04)80018-X
   Google Scholar
• Audretsch, D. B., & Keilbach, M. (2007). The theory of knowledge spillover entrepreneurship. Journal of Management Studies, 44(7), 1242–1254. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2007.00722.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Autant-Bernard, C., & LeSage, J. P. (2011). Quantifying knowledge spillovers using spatial econometric models. Journal of Regional Science, 51(3), 471–496. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9787.2010.00705.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ballarino, G., Panichella, N., & Triventi, M. (2014). School expansion and uneven modernization. Comparing educational inequality in Northern and Southern Italy. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 36, 69–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2014.01.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bathelt, H., Malmberg, A., & Maskell, P. (2004). Clusters and knowledge: Local buzz, global pipelines and the process of knowledge creation. Progress in Human Geography, 28(1), 31–56. https://doi.org/10.1191/0309132504ph469oa
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beaudry, C., & Schiffauerova, A. (2009). Who’s right, Marshall or Jacobs? The localization versus urbanization debate. Research Policy, 38(2), 318–337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2008.11.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Booroga, C.-A., Horobe, A., Belacu, L., Popoviciu, A. S., & Grlovan, A. (2022). Assessing the nexus between education, economic growth, and innovation: An empirical analysis. Studies in Business and Economics, 17(3), 18–34. https://doi.org/10.2478/sbe-2022-0043
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buesa, M., Heijs, J., & Baumert, T. (2010). The determinants of regional innovation in Europe: A combined factorial and regression knowledge production function approach. Research Policy, 39(6), 722–735. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2010.02.016
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burridge, P., Elhorst, J. P., and Zigova, K. (2016). Group Interaction in Research and the Use of General Nesting Spatial Models, volume 37 of Advances in Econometrics (pp. 223–258). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0731-905320160000037016
   Google Scholar
• Cai, Y., Ma, J., & Chen, Q. (2020). Higher education in innovation ecosystems. Sustainability, 12(11), 4376. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12114376
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capello, R., & Lenzi, C. (2014). Spatial heterogeneity in knowledge, innovation, and economic growth nexus: Conceptual reflections and empirical evidence. Journal of Regional Science, 54(2), 186–214. https://doi.org/10.1111/jors.12074
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capello, R., & Lenzi, C. (2018a). The dynamics of regional learning paradigms and trajectories. Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 28(4), 727–748. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00191-018-0565-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capello, R., & Lenzi, C. (2018b). Regional innovation patterns from an evolutionary perspective. Regional Studies, 52(2), 159–171. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2017.1296943
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capello, R., & Lenzi, C. (2019). Regional innovation evolution and economic performance. Regional Studies, 53(9), 1240–1251. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2018.1502421
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caragliu, A., & Nijkamp, P. (2016). Space and knowledge spillovers in European regions: The impact of different forms of proximity on spatial knowledge diffusion. Journal of Economic Geography, 16(3), 749–774. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbv042
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carrincazeaux, C., & Coris, M. (2011). Proximity and innovation. In Handbook of regional innovation and growth. Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9780857931504.00036
   Google Scholar
• Charlot, S., Crescenzi, R., & Musolesi, A. (2015). Econometric modelling of the regional knowledge production function in Europe. Journal of Economic Geography, 15(6), 1227–1259. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbu035
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ciccarelli, C., & Fenoaltea, S. (2013). Through the magnifying glass: Provincial aspects of industrial growth in post-Unification Italy. The Economic History Review, 66(1), 57–85. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0289.2011.00643.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crescenzi, R., Gagliardi, L., & Percoco, M. (2013). Social capital and the innovative performance of Italian provinces. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 45(4), 908–929. https://doi.org/10.1068/a45221
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crescenzi, R., & Rodrguez-Pose, A. (2013). R & D, Socio-Economic Conditions, and Regional Innovation in the U. S. Growth and Change, 44(2), 287–320. https://doi.org/10.1111/grow.12011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Groot, H. L., Poot, J., & Smit, M. J. (2016). Which agglomeration externalities matter most and why? Journal of Economic Surveys, 30(4), 756–782. https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12112
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Desmet, K., Greif, A., & Parente, S. L. (2020). Spatial competition, innovation and institutions: The industrial revolution and the great divergence. Journal of Economic Growth, 25(1), 1–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10887-019-09173-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dzemydaitė, G. (2021). The impact of economic specialization on regional economic development in the European Union: Insights for formation of smart specialization strategy. Economies, 9(2), 76. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies9020076
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elhorst, J. P. (2003). Specification and estimation of spatial panel data models. International Regional Science Review, 26(3), 244–268. https://doi.org/10.1177/0160017603253791
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elhorst, J. P. (2010). Applied spatial econometrics: Raising the bar. Spatial Economic Analysis, 5(1), 9–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/17421770903541772
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elhorst, J. P. (2012). Dynamic spatial panels: Models, methods, and inferences. Journal of Geographical Systems, 14(1), 5–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10109-011-0158-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elhorst, J. P. (2014). Spatial econometrics: From cross-sectional data to spatial panels, volume 479. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40340-8
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. (2009). Communication from the commission to the council, the European parliament, the European economic and social committee, and the committee of the regions: A mid-term assessment of implementing the EC biodiversity action plan. Journal of International Wildlife Law & Policy, 12(1-2), 108–120. https://doi.org/10.1080/13880290903199425
   Google Scholar
• Feldman, M. P. (2014). The character of innovative places: Entrepreneurial strategy, economic development, and prosperity. Small Business Economics, 43(1), 9–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-014-9574-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forsman, H. (2011). Innovation capacity and innovation development in small enterprises. A comparison between the manufacturing and service sectors. Research Policy, 40(5), 739–750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2011.02.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Furková, A. (2019). Spatial spillovers and European Union regional innovation activities. Central European Journal of Operations Research, 27(3), 815–834. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10100-018-0581-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greunz, L. (2003). Geographically and technologically mediated knowledge spillovers between European region. The Annals of Regional Science, 37(4), 657–680. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-003-0131-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griliches, Z. (1979). Issues in assessing the contribution of research and development to productivity growth. The Bell Journal of Economics, 10(1), 92–116. https://doi.org/10.2307/3003321
   Google Scholar
• Griliches, Z., Intriligator, M. D., Engle, R., & Mcfadden, D. (1983). Handbook of econometrics. Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Gupta, A. (2019). Estimation of spatial autoregressions with stochastic weight matrices. Econometric Theory, 35(2), 417–463. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266466618000142
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halleck Vega, S., & Elhorst, J. P. (2015). The SLX model. Journal of Regional Science, 55(3), 339–363. https://doi.org/10.1111/jors.12188
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halleck Vega, S., & Elhorst, J. P. (2016). A regional unemployment model simultaneously accounting for serial dynamics, spatial dependence and common factors. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 60, 85–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2016.07.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hervas-Oliver, J.-L., Sempere-Ripoll, F., Estelles-Miguel, S., & Rojas-Alvarado, R. (2019). Radical vs incremental innovation in Marshallian Industrial Districts in the Valencian Region: What prevails? European Planning Studies, 27(10), 1924–1939. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2019.1638887
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoekman, J., Frenken, K., & Van Oort, F. (2009). The geography of collaborative knowledge production in Europe. The Annals of Regional Science, 43(3), 721–738. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-008-0252-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huggins, R., & Thompson, P. (2015). Entrepreneurship, innovation and regional growth: A network theory. Small Business Economics, 45(1), 103–128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-015-9643-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaffe, A. B. (1986). Technological opportunity and spillovers of R&D: Evidence from firms’ patents, profits, and market value. American Economic Review, 76(5), 984–1001. https://ideas.repec.org/a/aea/aecrev/v76y1986i5p984-1001.html
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kauffeld-Monz, M. (2009). Knowledge spillovers within regional networks of innovation and the contribution made by public research. IUP Journal of Knowledge Management, 7(3/4), 41.
   Google Scholar
• Kim, J., & Lee, S. (2015). Patent databases for innovation studies: A comparative analysis of USPTO, EPO, JPO and KIPO. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 92, 332–345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2015.01.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kraus, S., McDowell, W., Ribeiro-Soriano, D. E., & Rodríguez-García, M. (2021). The role of innovation and knowledge for entrepreneurship and regional development. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 33(3-4), 175–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/22797254.2021.1872929
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lavoratori, K., & Castellani, D. (2021). Too close for comfort? Microgeography of agglomeration economies in the United Kingdom. Journal of Regional Science, 61(5), 1002–1028. https://doi.org/10.1111/jors.12531
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeSage, J. P., & Pace, R. K. (2009). Spatial econometric models. In Handbook of applied spatial analysis: Software tools, methods and applications (pp. 355–376). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03647-7
   Google Scholar
• LeSage, J. P., & Pace, R. K. (2014). Interpreting spatial econometric models. In Handbook of regional science (pp. 1535–1552). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23430-9
   Google Scholar
• Mariz-Pérez, R. M., Teijeiro-Álvarez, M. M., & García-Álvarez, M. T. (2012). The relevance of human capital as a driver for innovation. Cuadernos de Economía, 35(98), 68–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0210-0266(12)70024-9
   Google Scholar
• Marrocu, E. R., & Usai, S. (2013). Proximity, networking and knowledge production in Europe: What lessons for innovation policy? Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 80(8), 1484–1498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2013.03.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marti, L., & Puertas, R. (2023). Analysis of European competitiveness based on its innovative capacity and digitalization level. Technology in Society, 72, 102206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2023.102206
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miguélez, E., & Moreno, R. (2013). Research networks and inventors’ mobility as drivers of innovation: Evidence from Europe. Regional Studies, 47(10), 1668–1685. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2011.618803
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Millo, G., Piras, G., et al. (2012). splm: Spatial panel data models in R. Journal of statistical software, 47(1), 1–38. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v047.i01
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreno, R., Paci, R., & Usai, S. (2005). Spatial spillovers and innovation activity in European regions. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 37(10), 1793–1812. https://doi.org/10.1068/a37341
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mosconi, F., & DIngiullo, D. (2023). Institutional quality and innovation: Evidence from Emilia-Romagna. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 32(2), 165–197. https://doi.org/10.1080/10438599.2021.1893140
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paci, R., Marrocu, E., & Usai, S. (2014). The complementary effects of proximity dimensions on knowledge spillovers. Spatial Economic Analysis, 9(1), 9–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/17421772.2013.856518
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pakes, A., & Griliches, Z. (1980). Patents and R&D at the firm level: A first report. Economics Letters, 5(4), 377–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(80)90136-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papanastassiou, M., Pearce, R., & Zanfei, A. (2020). Changing perspectives on the internationalization of R&D and innovation by multinational enterprises: A review of the literature. Journal of International Business Studies, 51(4), 623–664. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-019-00258-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parent, O., & LeSage, J. P. (2008). Using the variance structure of the conditional autoregressive spatial specification to model knowledge spillovers. Journal of applied Econometrics, 23(2), 235–256. https://doi.org/10.1002/jae.981
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pesaran, M. H. (2015). Testing weak cross-sectional dependence in large panels. Econometric Reviews, 34(6–10), 1089–1117. https://doi.org/10.1080/07474938.2014.956623
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pesaran, M. H. (2021). General diagnostic tests for cross-sectional dependence in panels. Empirical Economics, 60(1), 13–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-020-01875-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podrug, N., Filipović, D., & Kovač, M. (2017). Knowledge sharing and firm innovation capability in Croatian ICT companies. International Journal of Manpower, 38(4), 632–644. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-04-2016-0077
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ponds, R., Oort, F. V., & Frenken, K. (2010). Innovation, spillovers and university–industry collaboration: An extended knowledge production function approach. Journal of Economic Geography, 10(2), 231–255. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbp036
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pradhan, R. P., Arvin, M. B., & Bahmani, S. (2018). Are innovation and financial development causative factors in economic growth? Evidence from a panel granger causality test. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 132, 130–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.01.024
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qian, H., Acs, Z. J., & Stough, R. R. (2013). Regional systems of entrepreneurship: The nexus of human capital, knowledge and new firm formation. Journal of Economic Geography, 13(4), 559–587. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbs009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raghupathi, V., & Raghupathi, W. (2017). Innovation at country-level: Association between economic development and patents. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 6(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-017-0065-0
   Google Scholar
• Rodríguez-Pose, A. (2013). Do institutions matter for regional development? Regional Studies, 47(7), 1034–1047. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2012.748978
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodríguez-Pose, A., & Crescenzi, R. (2008). Mountains in a flat world: Why proximity still matters for the location of economic activity. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 1(3), 371–388. https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsn011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodríguez-Pose, A., & Di Cataldo, M. (2015). Quality of government and innovative performance in the regions of Europe. Journal of Economic Geography, 15(4), 673–706. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbu023
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romer, P. M. (1990). Endogenous technological change. Journal of Political Economy, 98(5, Part 2), S71–S102. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2937632 https://doi.org/10.1086/261725
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sebba, J., Griffiths, V., Luckock, B., Hunt, F., Robinson, C., & Flowers, S. (2009). Youth-led innovation: Enhancing the skills and capacity of the next generation of innovators. NESTA.
   Google Scholar
• Sharma, P., & Tripathi, R. (2017). Patent citation: A technique for measuring the knowledge flow of information and innovation. World Patent Information, 51, 31–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wpi.2017.11.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silvestre, B. S. (2015). Sustainable supply chain management in emerging economies: Environmental turbulence, institutional voids and sustainability trajectories. International Journal of Production Economics, 167, 156–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2015.05.025
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urbano, D., Aparicio, S., & Audretsch, D. (2019). Twenty-five years of research on institutions, entrepreneurship, and economic growth: what has been learned? Small Business Economics, 53(1), 21–49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-018-0038-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Villani, E., Greco, L., & Phillips, N. (2017). Understanding value creation in public-private partnerships: A comparative case study. Journal of Management Studies, 54(6), 876–905. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12270
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, S., & Yang, L. (2022). Spatial competition, strategic R&D and the structure of innovation networks. Journal of Business Research, 139, 13–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.09.037
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• You, S., Zhou, K. Z., & Jia, L. (2021). How does human capital foster product innovation? the contingent roles of industry cluster features. Journal of Business Research, 130, 335–347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.03.046
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar