524
Views
16
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Models of deposition, pharmacokinetics, and intersubject variability in respiratory drug delivery

, &
Pages 1175-1188 | Received 29 Jun 2018, Accepted 01 Nov 2018, Published online: 14 Nov 2018

References

  • Gross NJ, Barnes PJ. New therapies for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017;195:159–166.
  • Quon BS, Goss CH, Ramsey BW. Inhaled antibiotics for lower airway infections. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2014;11:425–434.
  • Cosa N, Costa JE. Inhaled pulmonary vasodilators for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn: safety issues relating to drug administration and delivery devices. Medical Devices (Auckl). 2016;9:45–51.
  • Pappert D, Busch T, Gerlach H, et al. Aerosolized prostacylcin versus inhaled nitric oxide in children with seere acute respiratory distress syndrome. Anesthesiology: J Am Soc Anesthesiologists. 1995;82:1507–1511.
  • Zwissler B, Kemming G, Habler O, et al. Inhaled prostacylcin (PGI2) versus inhaled nitric oxide in adult respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996;154:1671–1677.
  • Patton JS, Byron PR. Inhaling medicines: delivering drugs to the body through the lungs. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2007;6:67–74.
  • Zarogoulidis P, Papanas N, Kouliatsis G, et al. Inhaled insulin: too soon to be forgotten? J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2011;24:213–223.
  • San L, Estrada G, Oudovenko N, et al. PLACID study: A randomized trial comparing the efficacy and safety of inhaled loxapine versus intramuscular aripiprazole in acutely agitated patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. European Neuropsychopharmacology. 2018;28:710–718.
  • Tepper SJ. Orally inhaled dihydroergotamine: a review. Headache: Journal Head Face Pain. 2013;53:43–53.
  • Olanow CW, Stocchi F. Levodopa: A new look at an old friend. Movement disorders. 2018;33:859–866.
  • Cipolla D, Gonda I. Inhaled nicotine replacement therapy. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2015;10:472–480.
  • Bakker E, Volpi S, Salonini E, et al. Improved treatment response to dornase alfa in cystic fibrosis patients using controlled inhalation. Eur Respir J. 2011;38:1328–1335.
  • Usmani OS, Barnes PJ. Assessing and treating small airways disease in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ann Med. 2012;44:146–156.
  • Usmani OS, Biddiscombe MF, Barnes PJ. Regional lung deposition and bronchodilator response as a function of beta(2)-agonist particle size. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;172:1497–1504.
  • Finlay WH, Martin AR. Recent advances in predictive understanding of respiratory tract deposition. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2008;21:189–206.
  • Darquenne C. Aerosol deposition in health and disease. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2012;25:140–147.
  • Darquenne C, Hoover MD, Phalen RF. Inhaled aerosol dosimetry: some current research needs. J Aerosol Sci. 2016;99:1–5.
  • Hofmann W. Modelling inhaled particle deposition in the human lung - a review. J Aerosol Sci. 2011;42:693–724.
  • Rostami AA. Computational modeling of aerosol deposition in respiratory tract: a review. Inhal Toxicol. 2009;24:262–290.
  • ICRP. Human respiratory tract model for radiological protection. ICRP Publication 66. Ann ICRP 24(1–3). Elsevier Science: Tarrytown, NY, 1994.
  • Martin AR, Finlay WH. A general, algebraic equation for predicting total respiratory tract deposition of micrometer-sized aerosol particles in humans. J Aerosol Sci. 2007;38:246–253.
  • Rudolf G, Kobrich R, Modeling SW. Algebraic formulation of regional aerosol deposition in man. J Aerosol Sci. 1990;21:S403–S406.
  • Stahlhofen W, Rudolf G, James AC. Intercomparison of experimental regional aerosol deposition data. Journal Aerosol Medicine-Deposition Clearance Effects Lung. 1989;2:285–308.
  • Finlay WH. The mechanics of inhaled pharmaceutical aerosols: an introduction. London: Academic Press; 2001.
  • Darquenne C, Fleming JS, Katz I, et al. Bridging the gap between science and clinical efficacy: physiology, imaging, and modeling of aerosols in the lung. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2016;29:107–126.
  • Findeisen W. Uber das Absetzen kleiner in der Luft suspendierter Teilchen in der menschilchen Lunge bei der Atmung Pfleuger Arch. Ges Physiol. 1935;236:367–379.
  • Finlay WH, Stapleton KW, Chan HK, et al. Regional deposition of inhaled hygroscopic aerosols: in vivo SPECT compared with mathematical modeling. J Appl Physiol. 1996;81:374–383.
  • Katz I, Pichelin M, Caillibotte G, et al. Controlled, parametric, individualized, 2D, and 3D imaging measurements of aerosol deposition in the respiratory tract of healthy human subjects: preliminary comparisons with simulations. Aerosol Sci Technol. 2013;47:714–723.
  • Finlay WH. Estimating the type of hygroscopic behavior exhibited by aqueous droplets. Journal Aerosol Medicine-Deposition Clearance Effects Lung. 1998;11:221–229.
  • Javaheri E, Shemirani FM, Pichelin M, et al. Deposition modeling of hygroscopic saline aerosols in the human respiratory tract: comparison between air and helium-oxygen carrier gases. J Aerosol Sci. 2013;64:81–93.
  • Asgharian B, Hofmann W, Bergmann R. Particle deposition in a multiple-path model of the human lung. Aerosol Sci Technol. 2001;34:332–339.
  • Carrigy NB, Ruzycki CA, Golshahi L, et al. Pediatric in vitro and in silico models of deposition via oral and nasal inhalation. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2014;27:149–169.
  • Yang MY, Ruzycki C, Verschuer J, et al. Examining the ability of empirical correlations to predict subject specific in vivo extrathoracic aerosol deposition during tidal breathing. Aerosol Sci Technol. 2017;51:363–376.
  • Carrigy NB, Martin AR, Finlay WH. Use of extrathoracic deposition models for patient-specific dose estimation during inhaler design. Curr Pharm Des. 2015;21:3984–3992.
  • Borgstrom L, Olsson B, Thorsson L. Degree of throat deposition can explain the variability in lung deposition of inhaled drugs. Journal Aerosol Medicine-Deposition Clearance Effects Lung. 2006;19:473–483.
  • Grgic B, Finlay WH, Burnell PKP, et al. In vitro intersubject and intrasubject deposition measurements in realistic mouth-throat geometries. J Aerosol Sci. 2004;35:1025–1040.
  • Golshahi L, Vehring R, Noga M, et al. In vitro deposition of micrometer-sized particles in the extrathoracic airways of children during tidal oral breathing. J Aerosol Sci. 2013;57:14–21.
  • Golshahi L, Noga M, Finlay W. Deposition of inhaled micrometer-sized particles in oropharyngeal airway replicas of children at constant flow rates. J Aerosol Sci. 2012;49:21–31.
  • Garcia GJ, Tewksbury EW, Wong BA, et al. Interindividual variability in nasal filtration as a function of nasal cavity geometry. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2009;22:139–155.
  • Golshahi L, Noga M, Thompson R, et al. In vitro deposition measurement of inhaled micrometer-sized particles in extrathoracic airways of children and adolescents during nose breathing. J Aerosol Sci. 2011;42:474–488.
  • Storey-Bishoff J, Noga M, Finlay W. Deposition of micrometer-sized aerosol particles in infant nasal airway replicas. J Aerosol Sci. 2008;39:1055–1065.
  • Martin AR, Finlay WH. In vitro testing of pharmaceutical aerosols and in vitro/in vivo correlations: empirical deposition correlations. Dhand R. editor. ISAM. Textbook of aerosol medicine. International Society for Aerosols in Medicine. 253–282.2012.
  • Wong J, Chan H-K, Kwok PCL. Electrostatics in pharmaceutical aerosols for inhalation. Ther Deliv. 2013;4:981–1002.
  • Azhdarzadeh M, Olfert JS, Vehring R, et al. Effect of electrostatic charge on oral-extrathoracic deposition for uniformly charged monodisperse aerosols. J Aerosol Sci. 2014;68:38–45.
  • Azhdarzadeh M, Olfert JS, Vehring R, et al. Effect of Induced Charge on Deposition of Uniformly Charged Particles in a Pediatric Oral-Extrathoracic Airway. Aerosol Sci Technol. 2014;48:508–514.
  • Azhdarzadeh M, Olfert JS, Vehring R, et al. Effect of electrostatic charge on deposition of uniformly charged monodisperse particles in the nasal extrathoracic airways of an infant. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2015;28:30–34.
  • Kwok PCL, Trietsch SJ, Kumon M, et al. Electrostatic charge characteristics of jet nebulized aerosols. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2010;23:149–159.
  • Kwok PCL, Glover W, Chan HK. Electrostatic charge characteristics of aerosols produced from metered dose inhalers. J Pharm Sci. 2005;94:2789–2799.
  • Dehaan WH, Finlay WH. Predicting extrathoracic deposition from dry powder inhalers. J Aerosol Sci. 2004;35:309–331.
  • Finlay W, Martin A. Modeling of aerosol deposition with interface devices. Journal of Aerosol Medicine. 2007;20:S19–S28.
  • Grgic B, Martin AR, Finlay WH. The effect of unsteady flow rate increase on in vitro mouth-throat deposition of inhaled boluses. J Aerosol Sci. 2006;37:1222–1233.
  • Golshahi L, Noga M, Vehring R, et al. An in vitro study on the deposition of micrometer-sized particles in the extrathoracic airways of adults during tidal oral breathing. Ann Biomed Eng. 2013;41:979–989.
  • Shemirani FM, Hoe S, Lewis D, et al. In vitro investigation of the effect of ambient humidity on regional delivered dose with solution and suspension MDIs. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2013;26:215–222.
  • Burnell PK, Asking L, Borgström L, et al. Studies of the human oropharyngeal airspaces using magnetic resonance imaging IV—the oropharyngeal retention effect for four inhalation delivery systems. J Aerosol Med. 2007;20:269–281.
  • Delvadia R, Hindle M, Longest PW, et al. In vitro tests for aerosol deposition II: iVIVCs for different dry powder inhalers in normal adults. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2013;26:138–144.
  • Delvadia RR, Longest PW, Byron PR. In vitro tests for aerosol deposition. I: scaling a physical model of the upper airways to predict drug deposition variation in normal humans. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2012;25:32–40.
  • Verbanck S, Ghorbaniasl G, Biddiscombe MF, et al. Inhaled Aerosol Distribution in Human Airways: A Scintigraphy-Guided Study in a 3D Printed Model. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2016;29:525–533.
  • Verbanck S, Kalsi HS, Biddiscombe MF, et al. Inspiratory and expiratory aerosol deposition in the upper airway. Inhal Toxicol. 2011;23:104–111.
  • Weers JG, Clark AR, Rao N, et al. In vitro-in vivo correlations observed with indacaterol-based formulations delivered with the breezhaler. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2015;28:268–280.
  • Zhang Y, Gilbertson K, Finlay WH. In vivo-in vitro comparison of deposition in three mouth-throat models with Qvar and Turbuhaler inhalers. J Aerosol Med. 2007;20:227–235.
  • Zhou Y, Sun J, Cheng Y-S. Comparison of deposition in the USP and physical mouth–throat models with solid and liquid particles. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2011;24:277–284.
  • Haynes A, Mundry T, Durbha P, et al. Design of ciprofloxacin dry powder for inhalation. In: Dalby RN, Bryron PR, Peart J, et al., editors. Respiratory Drug Delivery 2016. LLC: Scottsdale, Arizona: Davis Healthcare International Publishing; 2016. p. 455–458.
  • Weers J, Clark A. The impact of inspiratory flow rate on drug delivery to the lungs with dry powder inhalers. Pharm Res. 2017;34:507–528.
  • Europe C. European Pharmacopoeia 5.1. 2.9.18 preparations for inhalation. Strasbourg: Council of Europe; 2005.
  • Wei X, Hindle M, Delvadia RR, et al. In vitro tests for aerosol deposition. v: using realistic testing to estimate variations in aerosol properties at the trachea. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2017;30:339–348.
  • Ruzycki CA, Martin AR, Vehring R, et al. An in vitro examination of the effects of altitude on dry powder inhaler performance. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2018;31:221–236.
  • Golshahi L, Finlay WH. An idealized child throat that mimics average pediatric oropharyngeal deposition. Aerosol Sci Technol. 2012;46:1–4.
  • Ruzycki CA, Golshahi L, Vehring R, et al. Comparison of in vitro deposition of pharmaceutical aerosols in an idealized child throat with in vivo deposition in the upper respiratory tract of children. Pharm Res. 2014;31:1525–1535.
  • Agency EM. Guideline on the requirements for clinical documentation for orally inhaled products (OIP) including the requirements for demonstration of therapeutic equivalence between two inhaled products for use in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adults and for the treatment of asthma in children and adolescents, 2009.
  • Javaheri E, Golshahi L, Finlay W. An idealized geometry that mimics average infant nasal airway deposition. J Aerosol Sci. 2013;55:137–148.
  • Tavernini S, Church T, Lewis D, et al. Deposition of micrometer-sized aerosol particles in neonatal nasal airway replicas. Aerosol Sci Technol. 2018;52:407–419.
  • Tavernini S, Church TK, Lewis DA, et al. Scaling an idealized infant Nasal airway geometry to mimic inertial filtration of neonatal Nasal airways. J Aerosol Sci. 2018;118:14–21.
  • Burrowes KS, De Backer J, Kumar H. Image-based computational fluid dynamics in the lung: virtual reality or new clinical practice? Wiley Interdiscip Rev Syst Biol Med. 2017;9:e1392.
  • Kleinstreuer C, Zhang Z. Airflow and particle transport in the human respiratory system. Annu Rev Fluid Mech. 2010;42:301–334.
  • Longest PW, Holbrook LT. In silico models of aerosol delivery to the respiratory tract - development and applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2012;64:296–311.
  • Ruzycki CA, Javaheri E, Finlay WH. The use of computational fluid dynamics in inhaler design. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2013;10:307–323.
  • Longest PW, Hindle M. Small airway absorption and microdosimetry of inhaled corticosteroid particles after deposition. Pharm Res. 2017;34:2049–2065.
  • Walenga RL, Longest PW. Current inhalers deliver very small doses to the lower tracheobronchial airways: assessment of healthy and constricted lungs. J Pharm Sci. 2016;105:147–159.
  • Bos AC, van Holsbeke C, de Backer JW, et al. Patient-specific modeling of regional antibiotic concentration levels in airways of patients with cystic fibrosis: are we dosing high enough? PLoS One. 2015;10:e0118454.
  • Longest PW, Tian G, Khajeh-Hosseini-Dalasm N, et al. Validating whole-airway CFD predictions of DPI aerosol deposition at multiple flow rates. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2016;29:461–481.
  • Longest PW, Tian G, Delvadia R, et al. Development of a stochastic individual path (SIP) model for predicting the deposition of pharmaceutical aerosols: effects of turbulence, polydisperse aerosol size, and evaluation of multiple lung lobes. Aerosol Sci Technol. 2012;46:1271–1285.
  • Oakes JM, Shadden SC, Grandmont C, et al. Aerosol transport throughout inspiration and expiration in the pulmonary airways. Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng. 2017;33:e2847.
  • Poorbahrami K, Oakes JM. Regional flow and deposition variability in adult female lungs: a numerical simulation pilot study. Clinical Biomechanics. doi:10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2017.12.014. [Epub ahead of print].
  • Hastedt J, Backman P, Clark AR, et al. Scope and relevance of a pulmonary biopharmaceutical classification system AAPS/FDA/USP workshop march 16-17th, 2015 in Baltimore, MD. AAPS Open. 2016;2:1.
  • Olsson B, Bondesson E, Borgstrom L, et al. Pulmonary drug metabolism, clearance, and absorption. In: Smith HDC, Hickey T, editors. Controlled pulmonary drug delivery. Springer Science & Business Media, 2011.
  • Sakagami M. In vivo, in vitro and ex vivo models to assess pulmonary absporption and disposition of inhaled therapeutics for systemic delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2006;58:1030–1060.
  • Hickey AJ. Controlled delivery of inhaled therapeutic agents. Journal of Controlled Release. 2014;190:182–188.
  • Byron PR. Predictions of drug residence times in regions of the human respiratory tract following human inhalation. J Pharm Sci. 1986;75:433–438.
  • Gonda I. Drugs administered directly into the respiratory tract: modeling of the duration of effective drug levels. J Pharm Sci. 1988;77:340–346.
  • Backman P, Tehler U, Olsson B. Predicting exposure after oral inhalation of the selective glucocorticoid receptor modulator, AZD5423, based on dose, deposition pattern, and mechanistic modeling of pulmonary disposition. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2017;30:108–117.
  • Boger E, Friden M. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling accurately predicts the better bronchodilatory effect of inhaled versus oral salbutamol dosage forms. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. doi:10.1089/jamp.2017.1436. [Epub ahead of print].
  • Caniga M, Cabal A, Mehta K, et al. Preclinical experimental and mathematical approaches for assessing effective doses of inhaled drugs, using mometasone to support human dose predictions. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2016;29:362–377.
  • Martin AR, Finlay WH. Model calculations of regional deposition and disposition for single doses of inhaled liposomal and dry powder ciprofloxacin. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2018;31:49–60.
  • Backman P, Arora S, Couet W, et al. Advances in experimental and mechanistic computational models to understand pulmonary exposure to inhaled drugs. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2018;113:41–52.
  • Finlay WH, Wong JP. Regional lung deposition of nebulized liposome-encapsulated ciprofloxacin. Int J Pharm. 1998;167:121–127.
  • Finlay WH, Lange CF, King M, and Speert DP. Lung delivery of aerosolized dextran. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;161:91–97.
  • Hoe S, Ivey JW, Boraey MA, et al. Use of a fundamental approach to spray-drying formulation design to facilitate the development of multi-component dry powder aerosols for respiratory drug delivery. Pharm Res. 2014;31:459–465.
  • Lange CF, Hancock REW, Samuel J, et al. In vitro aerosol delivery and regional airway surface liquid concentration of a liposomal cationic peptide. J Pharm Sci. 2001;90:1647–1657.
  • Sweeney LG, Wang Z, Loebenberg R, et al. Spray-freeze-dried liposomal ciprofloxacin powder for inhaled aerosol drug delivery. Int J Pharm. 2005;305:180–185.
  • Wei X, Hindle M, Kaviratna A, et al. In vitro tests for aerosol deposition. vi: realistic testing with different mouth–throat models and in vitro—in vivo correlations for a dry powder inhaler, metered dose inhaler, and soft mist inhaler. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. doi:10.1089/jamp.2018.1454. [Epub ahead of print].
  • Ruzycki CA, Yang M, Chan H-K, et al. Improved prediction of intersubject variability in extrathoracic aerosol deposition using algebraic correlations. Aerosol Sci Technol. 2017;51:667–673.
  • Weber B, Hochhaus G. A pharmacokinetic simulation tool for inhaled corticosteroids. Aaps J. 2013;15:159–171.
  • Greenblatt EE, Winkler T, Harris RS, et al. What causes uneven aerosol deposition in the bronchoconstricted lung? A quantitative imaging study. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2016;29:57–75.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.