Individualizing doses of antiepileptic drugs

References

• Iapadre G, Balagura G, Zagaroli L, et al. Pharmacokinetics and drug interaction of antiepileptic drugs in children and adolescents. Pediatr Drugs. 2018;20(5):429–453.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perucca P, Scheffer IE, Kiley M. The management of epilepsy in children and adults. Med J Aust. 2018;208(5):226–233.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patsalos PN, Spencer EP, Berry DJ. Therapeutic drug monitoring of antiepileptic drugs in epilepsy: a 2018 update. Ther Drug Monit. 2018;40(5) :526–548.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asconapé JJ. Use of antiepileptic drugs in hepatic and renal disease. Handb Clin Neurol. 2014;119:417–432.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Títoff V, Moury HN, Títoff IB, et al. Seizures, antiepileptic drugs, and CKD. Am J Kidney Dis. 2019;73(1):90–101.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Farrokh S, Tahsili-Fahadan P, Ritzl EK, et al. Antiepileptic drugs in critically ill patients. Crit Care. 2018;22(1):153.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zaccara G, Perucca E. Interactions between antiepileptic drugs, and between antiepileptic drugs and other drugs. Epileptic Disord. 2014;16(4):409–431.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verrotti A, Lattanzi S, Brigo F, et al. Pharmacodynamic interactions of antiepileptic drugs: from bench to clinical practice. Epilepsy Behav. 2020;104:106939.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Odi R, Bibi D, Wager T, et al. A perspective on the physicochemical and biopharmaceutic properties of marketed antiseizure drugs—from phenobarbital to cenobamate and beyond. Epilepsia. 2020;61(8):1543–1552.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coppola G, Iapadre G, Operto FF, et al. New developments in the management of partial- onset epilepsy: role of brivaracetam. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2017;11:643–657.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khaleghi F, Nemec EC. 2nd. brivaracetam (briviact): a novel adjunctive therapy for partial-onset seizures. P T Peer-Rev J Formul Manag. 2017;42:92–96.
   Google Scholar
• Kobayashi K, Endoh F, Ohmori I, et al. Action of antiepileptic drugs on neurons. Brain Dev. 2020;42(1):2–5.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schoemaker R, Wade JR, Stockis A. Extrapolation of a brivaracetam exposure-response model from adults to children with focal seizures. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2018;57(7):843–854.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Verrotti A, Grasso EA, Cacciatore M, et al. Potential role of brivaracetam in pediatric epilepsy. Acta Neurol Scand. 2021;143(1):19–26.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Djordjevic N, Jankovic SM, Milovanovic JR. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics of carbamazepine in children. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2017;42(5):729–744.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simper GS, Hò GT, Celik AA, et al. Carbamazepine-mediated adverse drug reactions: CBZ-10,11-epoxide but not carbamazepine induces the alteration of peptides presented by HLA-B15:02. J Immunol Res. 2018;2018:5086503.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Beydoun A, DuPont S, Zhou D, et al. Current role of carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine in the management of epilepsy. Seizure. 2020;83:251–263.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verrotti A, Loiacono G, Pizzolorusso A, et al. Lacosamide in pediatric and adult patients: comparison of efficacy and safety. Seizure. 2013;22(3):210–216.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verrotti A, Ambrosi M, Pavone P, et al. Pediatric status epilepticus: improved management with new drug therapies? Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2017;18(8):789–798.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marvanova M. Pharmacokinetic characteristics of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Ment Health Clin. 2016;6(1):8–20.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hoy SM. Lacosamide: a review in focal-onset seizures in patients with epilepsy. CNS Drugs. 2018;32(5):473–484.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rinaldi VE, Di Cara G, Mencaroni E, et al. Therapeutic options for childhood absence epilepsy. Pediatr Rep. 2021 Dec 16;13(4):658–667.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Li W, Wang J, Lin H, et al. HLA-A24:02 associated with lamotrigine-induced cutaneous adverse drug reactions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020;99(52):23929.
   Google Scholar
• Abou-Khalil BW. Update on antiepileptic drugs 2019. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2019;25(2):508–536.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yasam VR, Jakki SL, Senthil V, et al. A pharmacological overview of lamotrigine for the treatment of epilepsy. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2016;9(12):1533–1546.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Golfar Y, Shayanfar A. Prediction of biopharmaceutical drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) by structural parameters. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2019;22(1):247–269.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Coppola G, Piccorossi A, Operto FF, et al. Anticonvulsant drugs for generalized tonic- clonic epilepsy. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2017;18(9):925–936.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mazur RD, Wang Ba Q, Kato Bs K, et al. Effectiveness of levetiracetam monotherapy in pediatric patients with epilepsy. J Child Neurol. 2019;34(10):593–597.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kumar A, Maini K, Kadian R. Levetiracetam. StatPearls Internet [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Tan J, Paquette V, Levine M, et al. Levetiracetam clinical pharmacokinetic monitoring in pediatric patients with epilepsy. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2017;56(11):1267–1285.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tomson T, Battino D, Perucca E. Valproic acid after five decades of use in epilepsy: time to reconsider the indications of a time-honoured drug. Lancet Neurol. 2016;15(2):210–218.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verrotti A, D’Alonzo R, Rinaldi VE, et al. Childhood absence epilepsy and benign epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes: a narrative review analysis. World J Pediatr. 2017;13(2):106–111.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Romoli M, Mazzocchetti P, D’Alonzo R, et al. Valproic acid and epilepsy: from molecular mechanisms to clinical evidences. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2019;17(10):926–946.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Talati R, Scholle JM, Phung OP, et al. Efficacy and safety of innovator versus generic drugs in patients with epilepsy: a systematic review. Pharmacother J Hum Pharmacol Drug Ther. 2012;32(4):314–322.
   Google Scholar
• Gezmen-Karadağ M, Çelik E, Kadayifçi FZ, et al. Role of food‑drug interactions in neurological and psychological diseases. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars). 2018;78(3):187–197.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sands CD, Chan ES, Welty TE. Revisiting the significance of warfarin protein-binding displacement interactions. Ann Pharmacother. 2002;36(10):1642–1644.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vidaurre J, Gedela S, Yarosz S. Antiepileptic drugs and liver disease. Pediatr Neurol. 2017;77:23–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cawello W. Clinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of lacosamide. Clin Pharmacokin. 2015;54(9):901–914.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wieruszewski PM, Lopez-Ruiz A, Albright RC, et al. Lacosamide pharmacokinetics in a critically ill patient during continuous renal replacement therapy. J Pharm Pract. 2020;33(3):395–398.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jacob S, Nair AB. An updated overview on therapeutic drug monitoring of recent antiepileptic drugs. Drugs R D. 2016;16(4):303–316.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bansal AD, Hill CE, Berns JS. Use of antiepileptic drugs in patients with chronic kidney disease and end stage renal disease. Semin Dial. 2015;28(4):404–412.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sourbron J, Chan H, Wammes-van der Heijden EA, et al. Review on the relevance of therapeutic drug monitoring of levetiracetam. Seizure. 2018;62:131–135.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verrotti A, Mencaroni E, Cofini M, et al. Valproic acid metabolism and its consequences on sexual functions. Curr Drug Met. 2016;17(6):573–581.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tasnif Y, Morado J, Hebert M. Pregnancy-related pharmacokinetic changes. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2016;100(1):53–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andres TM, McGrane T, McEvoy MD, et al. Geriatric pharmacology: an update. Anesthesiol Clin. 2019 Sep;37(3):475–492.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lee SK. Epilepsy in the elderly: treatment and consideration of comorbid diseases. J Epilepsy Res. 2019;9(1):27–35.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tomson T, Dahl ML, Kimland E. Therapeutic monitoring of antiepileptic drugs for epilepsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Jan;24(1):CD002216.
   Google Scholar
• Patsalos PN, Berry DJ, Bourgeois BF, et al. Antiepileptic drugs-best practice guidelines for therapeutic drug monitoring: a position paper by the subcommission on therapeutic drug monitoring, ILAE commission on therapeutic strategies. Epilepsia. 2008 Jul;49(7):1239–1276.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ding Y, Xiaoping T, Zhang S, et al. Pharmacokinetic changes and therapeutic drug monitoring of lamotrigine during pregnancy. Brain Behav. 2019 Jul;9(7):e01315.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heyman E, Lavie R, Lahat E, et al. Lamotrigine serum concentration in children with epilepsy. Pediatr Neurol. 2012 Dec;47(6):427–430.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sheinberg R, Heyman E, Dagan Z, et al. Correlation between efficacy of levetiracetam and serum levels among children with refractory epilepsy. Pediatr Neurol. 2015 Jun;52(6):624–628.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mahmoud SH. Antiepileptic drug removal by continuous renal replacement therapy: a review of the literature. Clin Drug Investig. 2017 Jan;37(1):7–23.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Van Matre ET, Mueller SW, Fish DN, et al. Levetiracetam pharmacokinetics in a patient with intracranial hemorrhage undergoing continuous veno-venous hemofiltration. Am J Case Rep. 2017 Apr;18:458–462.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patsalos PN, Perucca E. Clinically important drug interactions in epilepsy: interactions between antiepileptic drugs and other drugs. Lancet Neurol. 2003;2(8):473–481.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stöllberger C, Finsterer J. Interactions between non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants and antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsy Res. 2016;126:98–101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perucca E, Brodie MJ, Kwan P, et al. 30 years of second-generation antiseizure medications: impact and future perspectives. Lancet Neurol. 2020;19(6):544–556.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vidaurre J, Herbst J. Nuevos fármacos antiepilépticos [New antiepileptic drugs]. Medicina (B Aires). 2019;79:48–53. Spanish.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chen Z, Brodie MJ, Kwan P. What has been the impact of new drug treatments on epilepsy? Curr Opin Neurol. 2020;33(2):185–190.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stephen LJ, Brodie MJ. Brivaracetam: a novel antiepileptic drug for focal-onset seizures. Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 2017;11:1–10.
   Google Scholar
• Stockis A, Watanabe S, Scheen AJ, et al. Effect of rifampin on the disposition of brivaracetam in human subjects: further insights into brivaracetam hydrolysis. Drug Metab Dispos. 2016;44(6):792–799.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moseley BD, Chanteux H, Nicolas JM, et al. A review of the drug-drug interactions of the antiepileptic drug brivaracetam. Epilepsy Res. 2020;163:106327.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verrotti A, Tambucci R, Di Francesco L, et al. The role of polytherapy in the management of epilepsy: suggestions for rational antiepileptic drug selection. Expert Rev Neurother. 2020;20(2):167–173.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mahmoud SH, Zhou XY, Ahmed SN. Managing the patient with epilepsy and renal impairment. Seizure. 2020;10:143–152.
   Google Scholar
• Yamamoto Y, Usui N, Nishida T, et al. Influence of renal function on pharmacokinetics of antiepileptic drugs metabolized by CYP3A4 in a patient with renal impairment. Ther Drug Monit. 2018;40(1):144–147.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Araki K, Nakamura T, Takeuchi Y, et al. Pharmacological monitoring of antiepileptic drugs in epilepsy patients on haemodialysis. Epileptic Disord. 2020;22(1):90–102.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carnovale C, Pozzi M, Mazhar F, et al. Interactions between antiepileptic and antibiotic drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis with dosing implications. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2019;58(7):875–886.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Huang CR, Lin CH, Hsiao SC, et al. Drug interaction between valproic acid and carbapenems in patients with epileptic seizures. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2017;33(3):130–136.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook AM, Hatton-Kolpek J. Augmented renal clearance. Pharmacotherapy. 2019;39(3):346–354.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarvie D, Mahmoud SH. Therapeutic drug monitoring of levetiracetam in select populations. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2018;21(1s):149s–176s.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ong CLJ, Goh PSJ, Teo MM, et al. Pharmacokinetics of levetiracetam in neurosurgical ICU patients. J Crit Care. 2021;64:255–261.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Celestin MN, Musteata FM. Impact of changes in free concentrations and drug-protein binding on drug dosing regimens in special populations and disease states. J Pharm Sci. 2021;110(10):3331–3344.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hau Man TH, Shek-Kwan CR, On-Kei CA, et al. Effect of plasmapheresis on serum levels of clobazam, levetiracetam and topiramate. Epilepsy Behav Case Rep. 2017;8:66–68.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zaccara G, Giovannelli F, Maratea D, et al. Neurological adverse events of new generation sodium blocker antiepileptic drugs. meta-analysis of randomized, double-blinded studies with eslicarbazepine acetate, lacosamide and oxcarbazepine. Seizure. 2013;22(7):528–536.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar