Molecular weight and protein-precipitating ability of condensed tannins from warm-season perennial legumes

References

• Azuhnwi BN, Thomann B, Arrigo Y, Boller B, Hess HD, Kreuzer M, Dohme-Meier F. 2012. Ruminal dry matter and crude protein degradation kinetics of five sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop) accessions differing in condensed tannin content and obtained from different harvests. Anim Feed Sci Tech. 177:135–143. 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.08.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bae YS, Foo LY, Karchesy JJ. 1994. GPC of natural procyanidin oligomers and polymers. Holzforschung. 48:4–6. 10.1515/hfsg.1994.48.1.4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barry TN, Mcnabb WC. 1999. The implications of condensed tannins on the nutritive value of temperate forages fed to ruminants. Brit J Nutr. 81:263–272.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brunet S, Jackson F, Hoste H. 2008. Effects of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) extract and monomers of condensed tannins on the association of abomasal nematode larvae with fundic explants. Int J Parasitol. 38:783–790. 10.1016/j.ijpara.2007.10.018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cenci FB, Louvandini H, McManus CM, Dell'Porto A, Costa DM, Araujo SC, Minho AP, Abdalla AL. 2007. Effects of condensed tannin from Acacia mearnsii on sheep infected naturally with gastrointestinal helminthes. Vet Parasitol. 144:132–137. 10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.09.021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cortes JE, Moreno B, Pabon ML, Avila P, Kreuzer M, Hess HD, Carulla JE. 2009. Effects of purified condensed tannins extracted from Calliandra, Flemingia and Leucaena on ruminal and postruminal degradation of soybean meal as estimated in vitro. Anim Feed Sci Tech. 151:194–204. 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2009.01.015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Da Silva JMR, Cheynier V, Souquet JM, Moutounet M, Cabanis JC, Bourzeix M. 1991. Interaction of grape seed procyandins with various proteins in relation to wine fining. J Sci Food Agric. 57:111–125. 10.1002/jsfa.2740570113
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dschaak CM, Williams CM, Holt MS, Eun JS, Young AJ, Min BR. 2011. Effects of supplementing condensed tannin extract on intake, digestion, ruminal fermentation, and milk production of lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 94:2508–2519. 10.3168/jds.2010-3818
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foster JL, Muir JP, Lambert BD, Pawelek D. 2007. In situ and in vitro degradation of native Texas warm-season legumes and alfalfa in goats and steers fed a sorghum-sudan basal diet. Anim Feed Sci Tech. 133:228–239. 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2006.04.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gurbuz Y, Kaplan M, Davies DR. 2008. Effects of condensed tannin content on digestibility and determination of nutritive value of some selected native legumes species. J Anim Vet Adv. 7:854–862.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagerman AE. 1987. Radial diffusion method for determining tannin in plant extracts. J Chem Ecol. 13:437–449. 10.1007/BF01880091
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagerman AE. 2012. Fifty years of polyphenol–protein complexes. Rec Adv Polyphenol Res. 3:71–97.
   Google Scholar
• Hagerman AE, Butler LG. 1978. Protein precipitation method for the quantitative determination of tannins. J Agric Food Chem. 26:809–812. 10.1021/jf60218a027
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagerman AE, Rice ME, Ritchard NT. 1998. Mechanisms of protein precipitation for two tannins, pentagalloyl glucose and epicatechin(16) (4 -> 8) catechin (procyanidin). J Agric Food Chem. 46:2590–2595. 10.1021/jf971097k
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hillis WE, Swain T. 1959. The phenolic constituents of Prunus domestica: The Analysis of tissues of the victoria plum tree. J Sci Food Agric. 10:135–144. 10.1002/jsfa.2740100211
   Google Scholar
• Huang XD, Liang JB, Tan HY, Yahya R, Khamseekhiew B, Ho YW. 2010. Molecular weight and protein binding affinity of Leucaena condensed tannins and their effects on in vitro fermentation parameters. Anim Feed Sci Tech. 159:81–87. 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.05.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kariuki IW, Norton BW. 2008. The digestion of dietary protein bound by condensed tannins in the gastro-intestinal tract of sheep. Anim Feed Sci Tech. 142:197–209. 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.08.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawamoto H, Nakatsubo F, Murakami K. 1995. Quantitative determination of tannin and protein in the precipitates by high-performance liquid chromatography. Phytochemistry. 40:1503–1505. 10.1016/0031-9422(95)00451-C
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kennedy JA, Taylor AW. 2003. Analysis of proanthocyanidins by high-performance gel permeation chromatography. J Chromatogr. 995:99–107. 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00420-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koleckar V, Kubikova K, Rehakova Z, Kuca K, Jun D, Jahodar L, Opletal L. 2008. Condensed and hydrolysable tannins as antioxidants influencing the health. MiniRev Med Chem. 8:436–447. 10.2174/138955708784223486
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krueger WK, Gutierrez-Banuelos H, Carstens GE, Min BR, Pinchak WE, Gomez RR, Anderson RC, Krueger NA, Forbes TDA. 2010. Effects of dietary tannin source on performance, feed efficiency, ruminal fermentation, and carcass and non-carcass traits in steers fed a high-grain diet. Anim Feed Sci Tech. 159:1–9. 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.05.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li C, Leverence R, Trombley JD, Xu S, Yang J, Tian Y, Reed JD, Hagerman AE. 2010. High molecular weight persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) proanthocyanidin: a highly galloylated, A-linked tannin with an unusual flavonol terminal unit, myricetin. J Agric Food Chem. 58:9033–9042. 10.1021/jf102552b
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin JS, Martin MM. 1982. Tannin assays in ecological studies: lack of correlation between phenolics, proanthocyanidins and protein-precipitating constituents in mature foliage of six oak species. Oecologia. 54:205–211. 10.1007/BF00378394
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McSweeney CS, Gough J, Conlan LL, Hegarty MP, Palmer B, Krause DO. 2005. Nutritive value assessment of the tropical shrub legume Acacia angustissima: anti-nutritional compounds and in vitro digestibility. Anim Feed Sci Tech. 121:175–190. 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.02.017
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehlich A. 1984. Mehlich 3 soil test extractant: a modification of Mehlich 2 extractant. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal. 15:1409–1416. 10.1080/00103628409367568
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Min BR, Pinchak WE, Fulford JD, Puchala R. 2005. Wheat pasture bloat dynamics, in vitro ruminal gas production, and potential bloat mitigation with condensed tannins. J Anim Sci 83:1322–1331.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muir JP, Pitman WD, Foster JL. 2011. Sustainable, low-input, warm-season, grass-legume grassland mixtures: mission (nearly) impossible? Grass Forage Sci. 66:301–315. 10.1111/j.1365-2494.2011.00806.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perez-Maldonado RA, Norton BW. 1996. The effects of condensed tannins from Desmodium intortum and Calliandra calothyrsus on protein and carbohydrate digestion in sheep and goats. Brit J Nutr. 76:515–533. 10.1079/BJN19960060
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salminen JP, Karonen M, Sinkkonen J. 2011. Chemical ecology of tannins: recent developments in tannin chemistry reveal new structures and structure–activity patterns. Chem Eur J. 17:2806–2816. 10.1002/chem.201002662
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarni-Manchado P, Cheynier V, Moutounet M. 1999. Interactions of grape seed tannins with salivary proteins. J Agric Food Chem. 47:42–47. 10.1021/jf9805146
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soares S, Mateus N, De Freitas V. 2007. Interaction of different polyphenols with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human salivary alpha-amylase (HSA) by fluorescence quenching. J Agric Food Chem. 55:6726–6735. 10.1021/jf070905x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spalinger DE, Collins WB, Hanley TA, Cassara NE, Carnahan AM. 2010. The impact of tannins on protein, dry matter, and energy digestion in moose (Alces alces). Can J Zool. 88:977–987. 10.1139/Z10-064
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stringano E, Gea A, Salminen JP, Mueller-Harvey I. 2011. Simple solution for a complex problem: proanthocyanidins, galloyl glucoses and ellagitannins fit on a single calibration curve in high performance-gel permeation chromatography. J Chromatogr. 1218:7804–7812. 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.08.082
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strumeyer DH, Malin MJ. 1975. Condensed tannins in grain sorghum: isolation, fractionation, and characterization. J Agric Food Chem. 23:909–914. 10.1021/jf60201a019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tedeschi LO, Callaway TR, Muir JP, Anderson RC. 2011. Potential environmental benefits of feed additives and other strategies for ruminant production. R Bras Zootec. 40:291–309.
   Google Scholar
• Terrill TH, Dykes GS, Shaik SA, Miller JE, Kouakou B, Kannan G, Burke JM, Mosjidis JA. 2009. Efficacy of sericea lespedeza hay as a natural dewormer in goats: dose titration study. Vet Parasitol. 163:52–56. 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.04.022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terrill TH, Rowan AM, Douglas GB, Barry TN. 1992. Determination of extractable and bound condensed tannin concentrations in forage plants, protein concentrate meals and cereal grains. J Sci Food Agric. 58:321–329. 10.1002/jsfa.2740580306
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tharayil N, Suseela V, Triebwasser DJ, Preston CM, Gerard P, Dukes JS. 2011. Changes in the structural composition and reactivity of Acer rubrum leaf litter tannins exposed to warming and altered precipitation: climatic stress-induced tannins are more reactive. New Phytol. 191:132–145. 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03667.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tiemann TT, Lascano CE, Wettstein HR, Mayer AC, Kreuzer M, Hess HD. 2008. Effect of the tropical tannin-rich shrub legumes Calliandra calothyrsus and Flemingia macrophylla on methane emission and nitrogen and energy balance in growing lambs. Animal. 2:790–799. 10.1017/S1751731108001791
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venter PB, Senekal ND, Kemp G, Amra-Jordaan M, Khan P, Bonnet SL, Van der Westhuizen JH. 2012. Analysis of commercial proanthocyanidins. Part 3: the chemical composition of wattle (Acacia mearnsii) bark extract. Phytochemistry. 83:153–167. 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.07.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams VM, Porter LJ, Hemingway RW. 1983. Molecular weight profiles of proanthocyanicin polymers. Phytochemistry. 22:569–572.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolfe RM, Terrill TH, Muir JP. 2008. Drying method and origin of standard affect condensed tannin (CT) concentrations in perennial herbaceous legumes using simplified butanol-HCl CT analysis. J Sci Food Agric. 88:1060–1067.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yokota K, Kimura H, Ogawa S, Akihiro T. 2013. Analysis of A-Type and B-Type highly polymeric proanthocyanidins and their biological activities as nutraceuticals. J Chem. Article ID 352042, 7 pages. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/352042.
   Google Scholar