Volunteer roles, involvement and commitment in voluntary sport organizations: evidence of core and peripheral volunteers

REFERENCES

• Aiken, M., and J.Hage. 1966. “Organizational Alienation: A Comparative Analysis.” American Sociological Review31: 497–507.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnold, J., I. T.Robertson, and C.Cooper. 1991. Work Psychology: Understanding Human Behavior in the Workplace. London: Pitman.
   Google Scholar
• Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2002. Involvement in Organised Sport and Physical Activity. Cat. No. 6285.0.Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia.
   Google Scholar
• Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2004. Involvement in Organised Sport and Physical Activity 2004 Survey. Cat. No. 6285.0.Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia.
   Google Scholar
• Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2006. Voluntary Work Australia. Cat. No. 4441.0.Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia.
   Google Scholar
• Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2007. Involvement in Organised Sport and Physical Activity. Cat. No. 6285.0.Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia.
   Google Scholar
• Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2009. Sport and Recreation: A Statistical Overview. Cat. No. 4156.0.Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia.
   Google Scholar
• Australian Sports Commission. 2009. “Addendum to the Submission of the Australian Sports Commission to the Commonwealth Government's Independent Review of Sport in Australia.” Accessed February 16, 2009. http://www.ausport.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/269459/Addendum_to_the_ASC_Submission_to_Sport_Panel.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Australian Sports Commission. 2008a. “Australian Sport: Emerging Challenges, New Directions.” Accessed September 8, 2008. http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/4BEFA13FF8128886CA2574410012101A/$File/australian-sport.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Australian Sports Commission. 2008b. “Submission to the Commonwealth Government's Independent Review of Sport in Australia.” Accessed November 15, 2008. http://www.ausport.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/246411/Submission_-_Independent_Review_Final_20_Oct_1.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Balduck, A., A.Van Rossem, and M.Buelens. 2009. “Identifying Competencies of Volunteer Board Members of Community Sports Clubs.” Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly39 (2): 213–235.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becker, H. S.1960. “Notes on the Concept of Commitment.” American Sociological Review66: 32–42.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bishop, J., K.Scott, and S.Burroughs. 1997. “Support, Commitment, and Employee Outcomes in a Team Environment.” Journal of Management26 (6): 1113–1132.
   Google Scholar
• Blauner, R.1964. Alienation and Freedom. Chicago: Univeristy of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Boraas-White, S.2006. “Volunteering in the United States 2005.” Accessed January 12, 2010. http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2006/02/ressum.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Buchanan, B.1974. “Building Organizational Commitment: The Socialization of Managers in Work Organizations.” Administrative Science Quarterly19 (4): 533–546.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Catano, M., E.Pond, and K.Kelloway. 2001. “Exploring Commitment and Leadership in Volunteer Organizations.” Leadership and Organization Development Journal22 (6): 256–263.
   Google Scholar
• Cuskelly, G.2005. “Volunteer Participation Trends in Australian Sport.” In Volunteers in Sports Clubs, edited by G.Nichols and M.Collins. Eastbourne: Leisure Studies Association.
   Google Scholar
• Cuskelly, G., R.Hoye, and C.Auld. 2006. Working with Volunteers in Sport: Theory and Practice. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Cuskelly, G., T.Taylor, R.Hoye, and S.Darcy. 2005. Volunteers in Community Rugby. Sydney: ARU.
   Google Scholar
• Davies, J.1998. “The Value of Volunteers.” Australian Parks and Recreation34 (1): 33–35.
   Google Scholar
• Delery, J. E., and J. D.Shaw. 2001. “The Strategic Management of People in Work Organizations: Review, Synthesis, and Extension.” In Research in Personnel and Human Resource Management, edited by G. R.Ferris, Vol. 20, 165–197. New York: Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Dillman, D. A.2000. Mail and Internet Surveys: The Tailored Design Method. New York: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Emery, F. E., and E. L.Trist. 1969. “Socio-Technical Systems.” In Systems Thinking, edited by F. E.Emery, 281–296. London: Penguin Books.
   Google Scholar
• Engelberg, E.2008. “The Commitment of Volunteers in Junior Sport Organizations: A Mixed Methods Study.” Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Griffith University.
   Google Scholar
• Engelberg, E., J.Skinner, and D. H.Zakus. 2010. “Exploring the Relationship Between Commitment, Experience, and Self-Assessed Performance in Youth Sport Organizations.” Sport Management Review14 (12): 117–125. DOI: 10.1016/j.smr.2010.05.003.
   Google Scholar
• Etzioni, A.1961. A Comparative Analysis of Complex Organizations. New York: Free Press.
   Google Scholar
• Etzioni, A.1975. A Comparative Analysis of Complex Organizations. Revised and enlarged edition.New York: Free Press.
   Google Scholar
• Etzioni, A., and E. W.Lehman. 1980. A Sociological Reader on Complex Organizations. 3rd ed.New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
   Google Scholar
• Gould, S.1979. “An Equity-Exchange Model of Organizational Involvement.” The Academy of Management Review4 (1): 53–62.
   Google Scholar
• Hair, J. F., Jr, R. E.Anderson, R. L.Tatham, and W. C.Black. 1998. Multivariate Data Analysis. 5th ed.Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Humphrey, S., F.Morgeson, and M.Mannor. 2009. “Developing a Theory of the Strategic Core of Teams: A Role Composition Model of Team Performance.” Journal of Applied Psychology94 (1): 48–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ifedi, F.2005. “Sports Participation in Canada 2005: Research Paper for Culture, Tourism and the Centre for Education Statistics.” Accessed January 12, 2010. http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/81-595-m/81-595-m2008060-eng.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Kanter, R. M.1968. “Commitment and Social Organization: A Study of Commitment Mechanisms in Utopian Communities.” American Sociological Review33: 499–517.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelman, H. C.1958. “Compliance, Identification, and Internalization: Three Processes of Attitude Change.” Journal of Conflict Resolution2 (1): 51–60.
   Google Scholar
• Knoke, D., and D.Prensky. 1984. “What Relevance do Organizational Theories have for Voluntary Associations?” Social Science Quarterly65 (1): 3–20.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laverie, D., and R.McDonald. 2007. “Volunteer Dedication: Understanding the Role of Identity Importance on Participation Frequency.” Journal of Macromarketing27 (3): 274–288.
   Google Scholar
• Linton, R.1936. The Study of Man. New York: Appleton-Century.
   Google Scholar
• March, J. G., and H. A.Simon. 1958. Organizations. New York: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Meyer, J. P., and N. J.Allen. 1997. Commitment in the Workplace: Theory, Research, and Application. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Mowday, R. T., L. W.Porter, and R. M.Steers. 1982. Employee-Organization Linkages: The Psychology of Commitment, Absenteeism, and Turnover. New York: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mowday, R. T., R. M.Steers, and L. M.Porter. 1979. “The Measurement of Organizational Commitment.” Journal of Vocational Behavior14 (2): 224–247.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NSW Department of Sport and Recreation. 2007. Industry Strategic Directions, a Five Year Plan: Key Issues Discussion Paper. ‘People and Volunteers’ Priority Area; Cited in Volunteers in Sport Research Brief June 2007. Sydney Olympic Park, NSW: NSW Department of Sport and Recreation.
   Google Scholar
• Pearce, J.1993. Volunteers: The Organizational Behavior of Unpaid Workers. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Penley, L. E., and S.Gould. 1988. “Etzioni's Model of Organizational Involvement: A Perspective for Understanding Commitment to Organizations.” Journal of Organizational Behavior9 (1): 43–59.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phillips, S., B.Little, and L.Goodine. 2002. Recruiting, Retaining, and Rewarding Volunteers: What Volunteers Have to Say. Toronto, ON: Canadian Centre for Philanthropy.
   Google Scholar
• Porter, L. W., R. M.Steers, R. T.Mowday, and P. V.Boulian. 1974. “Organizatinal Commitment, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Among Psychiatric Technicians.” Journal of Applied Psychology59: 603–609.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rochester, C.2006. Making Sense of Volunteering: A Literature Review. London: Volunteering England.
   Google Scholar
• Sport England. 2003. Sports Volunteering in England in 2002: A Summary Report. London: Sports England.
   Google Scholar
• Sports and Recreation New Zealand. 2006. Finding and Keeping Volunteers: What the Research Tells Us. Wellington: Sports and Recreation New Zealand.
   Google Scholar
• Sports and Recreation New Zealand. 2008. Volunteers the Heart of Sport: The Experiences and Motivations of Sports Volunteers. Wellington: Sports and Recreation New Zealand.
   Google Scholar
• Stebbins, R.1992. Amateurs, Professionals and Serious Leisure. Montreal: McGill-Queens University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Stebbins, R.1996. “Volunteering: A Serious Leisure Pursuit.” Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly25: 211–224.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stebbins, R. A.1997. “Casual Leisure: A Conceptual Statement.” Leisure Studies16: 17–25.
   Google Scholar
• Stebbins, R. A.2001. New Directions in the Theory and Research of Serious Leisure: Mellen Studies in Sociology. Vol. 28. Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen.
   Google Scholar
• Stewart, B., M.Nicholson, A.Smith, and H.Westerbeek. 2004. Australian Sport: Better by Design? The Evolution of Australian Sport Policy. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Stryker, S., and A.Statham. 1985. “Symbolic Interaction and Role Theory.” In Handbook of Social Psychology, edited by G.Lindzey and E.Aronson, 3rd ed., Vol. 1, 311–378. New York: Random House.
   Google Scholar
• Taylor, T., S.Darcy, R.Hoye, and G.Cuskelly. 2006. “Using Psychological Contract Theory to Explore Issues in Effective Volunteer Management.” European Sport Management Quarterly6 (2): 123–147.
   Google Scholar
• Zakus, D. H.2009. “Sustainability of Community Sport Organizations.” In Social Responsibility and Sustainability in Sports, edited by P.Rodriguez, S.Kesenne and H.Dietl, 229–256. Oviedo, Spain: Ediciones de la Universidad de Oviedo.
   Google Scholar