Publication Cover
Global Public Health
An International Journal for Research, Policy and Practice
Volume 8, 2013 - Issue 3
656
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

HIV testing for pregnant women: A rights-based analysis of national policies

, , , &
Pages 326-341 | Received 29 Mar 2012, Accepted 12 Aug 2012, Published online: 26 Nov 2012

References

  • Avert: International HIV and AIDS Charity , 2012 . HIV testing in pregnancy [online] . Available from: http://www.avert.org/hiv-testing-pregnancy.htm [Accessed 26 May 2012] .
  • Bennett , R. 2007 . Routine antenatal HIV testing and informed consent: an unworkable marriage? . Journal of Medical Ethics , 33 ( 8 ) : 446 – 448 . doi: 10.1136/jme.2006.018861
  • Burns , K. 2007 . Russia's HIV/AIDS epidemic: HIV/AIDS among women and problems of access to services . Problems of Post-Communism , 54 ( 1 ) : 3 – 11 . doi: 10.2753/PPC1075-8216540103
  • Campbell , T. and Bernhardt , S. 2003 . Factors that contribute to women declining antenatal HIV testing . Health Care for Women International , 24 ( 6 ) : 544 – 551 .
  • CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) , 2006 . Revised recommendations for HIV testing of adults, adolescents, and pregnant women in health-care settings . MMWR Recommendations and Reports , 55(RR-14), 1-17; quiz CE1-4 .
  • Csete , J. , Schleifer , R. and Cohen , J. 2004 . ‘Opt-out’ testing for HIV in Africa: a caution . Lancet , 363 ( 9407 ) : 493 – 494 . doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15509-8
  • DeCock , K.M. 1998 . From exceptionalism to normalisation: a reappraisal of attitudes and practices around HIV testing . British Medical Journal , 316 : 290 – 293 . doi: 10.1136/bmj.316.7127.290
  • de Paoli , M.M. , Manongi , R. and Klepp , K.I. 2004 . Factors influencing acceptability of voluntary counselling and HIV-testing among pregnant women in northern Tanzania . AIDS Care , 16 ( 4 ) : 411 – 425 . doi: 10.1080/09540120410001683358
  • Fernandez , M.I. , Wilson , T.E. , Ethier , K.A. , Walter , E.B. , Gay , C.L. and Moore , J. 2000 . Acceptance of HIV testing during prenatal care. Perinatal guidelines evaluation project . Public Health Reports , 115 ( 5 ) : 460 – 468 . doi: 10.1093/phr/115.5.460
  • Galletly , C.L. , Pinkerton , S.D. and Petroll , A.E. 2008 . CDC recommendations for opt-out testing and reactions to unanticipated HIV diagnoses . AIDS Patient Care and STDs , 22 ( 3 ) : 189 – 193 . doi: 10.1089/apc.2007.0104
  • Gielen , A.C , Fogarty , L. , O'Campo , P. , Anderson , J. , Keller , J. and Faden , R. 2000 . Women living with HIV: disclosure, violence, and social support . Journal of Urban Health , 77 : 480 – 491 . doi: 10.1007/BF02386755
  • Gruskin , S. , Ahmed , S. and Ferguson , L. 2008 . Provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling in health facilities – what does this mean for the health and human rights of pregnant women? . Developing World Bioethics , 8 ( 1 ) : 23 – 32 . doi: 10.1111/j.1471-8847.2007.00222.x
  • Guenter , D. , Kaczorowski , J. , Carroll , J. and Sellors , J. 2003 . Prenatal HIV tests. Routine testing or informed choice? . Canadian Family Physician; Medecin De Famille Canadien , 49 : 1334 – 1340 .
  • Jones , D. 2004 . Understanding why women decline HIV testing . RCM Midwives: The Official Journal of the Royal College of Midwives , 7 ( 8 ) : 344 – 347 .
  • Maman , S. , Mbwambo , J.K. , Hogan , N.M. , Kilonzo , G.P. , Campbell , J.C. , Weiss , E. and Sweat , M.D. 2002 . HIV-positive women report more lifetime partner violence: findings from a voluntary counseling and testing clinic in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania . American Journal of Public Health , 92 : 1331 – 1337 . doi: 10.2105/AJPH.92.8.1331
  • Manzi , M. , Zachariah , R. , Teck , R. , Buhendwa , L. , Kazima , J. , Bakali , E. , Firmenich , P. and Humblet , P. 2005 . High acceptability of voluntary counselling and HIV-testing but unacceptable loss to follow up in a prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programme in rural Malawi: scaling-up requires a different way of acting . Tropical Medicine & International Health: TM & IH , 10 ( 12 ) : 1242 – 1250 . doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2005.01526.x
  • Medley , A. , Garcia-Moreno , C. , McGill , S. and Maman , S. 2004 . Rates, barriers and outcomes of HIV serostatus disclosure among women in developing countries: implications for prevention of mother-to-child transmission programmes . Bulletin of the World Health Organization , 82 ( 4 ) : 299 – 307 .
  • OHCHR (Office for the High Commissioner for Human Rights) , 2011 . International Human Rights Law [online] . Available from: http://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/Pages/InternationalLaw.aspx [Accessed 5 October 2011] .
  • Peltzer , K. , Mosala , T. , Shisana , O. , Ngueko , A. and Mnggundaniso , N. 2007 . Barriers to prevention of HIV transmission from mother to child (PMTCT) in a resource poor setting in the Eastern Cape, South Africa . African Journal of Reproductive Health , 11 ( 1 ) : 57 – 66 . doi: 10.2307/30032488
  • Pool , R. , Nyanzi , S. and Whitworth , J.A. 2001 . Attitudes to voluntary counselling and testing for HIV among pregnant women in rural south-west Uganda . AIDS Care , 13 ( 5 ) : 605 – 615 . doi: 10.1080/09540120120063232
  • Rennie , S. and Behets , F. 2006 . Desperately seeking targets: the ethics of routine HIV testing in low-income countries . Bulletin of the World Health Organization , 84 ( 1 ) : 52 – 57 . doi: 10.2471/BLT.05.025536
  • Sprague , C. , Chersich , M.F. and Black , V. 2011 . Health system weakness constrain access to PMTCT and maternal HIV services in South Africa: a qualitative enquiry . AIDS Research and Therapy , 8 : 10 doi: 10.1186/1742-6405-8-10
  • Ujiji , O.A. , Rubenson , B. , Ilako , F. , Marrone , G. , Wamalwa , D. , Wangalwa , G. and Ekstrom , A.M. 2011 . Is ‘Opt-out HIV Testing’ a real option among pregnant women in rural districts in Kenya? . BMC Public Health , 11 : 151 doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-151
  • UNAIDS/WHO , 2004 . Policy statement on HIV testing [online] . Available from: http://www.who.int/rpc/research_ethics/hivtestingpolicy_en_pdf.pdf [Accessed 23 March 2011] .
  • UNDP , 2008 . A human rights-based approach to development programming in UNDP-adding the missing link [online] . Available from: http://www.undp.org/governance/docs/HR_Pub_Missinglink.pdf [Accessed 9 January 2008] .
  • WHO and UNAIDS (World Health Organization and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS) , 2007 . Guidance on provider-initiated testing and counseling in health facilities [online] . Available from: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2007/9789241595568_eng.pdf .
  • Yin , P.L. , Shing , K.Y. and Hung , T.C. 2003 . Maternal views and acceptance of antenatal HIV screening in a university teaching hospital in Kong Kong . The Journal of Reproductive Medicine , 48 ( 12 ) : 969 – 974 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.