References
- Abrams, E., & Szeflerc, S. (2020). COVID-19 and the impact of social determinants of health. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30228-9
- Adams, V., Behague, D., Caduff, C., Löwy, I., & Ortega, F. (2019). Re-imagining global health through social medicine. Global Public Health, 14(10), 1383–1400. https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2019.1587639
- Adler, K. (2020, April 3). Coronavirus outbreak eats into EU unity. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-52135816
- Aggleton, P., & Parker, R. (2015). Moving beyond Biomedicalization in the HIV response: Implications for community involvement and community leadership Among Men Who have Sex With Men and Transgender people. American Journal of Public Health, 105(8), 1552–1558. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2015.302614
- Ahmed, F., Ahmed, N., Pissarides, C., & Stiglitz, J. (2020). Why inequality could spread COVID-19. Lancet Public Health, 5(5), e240. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30085-2
- Amanpour, C. (2020). Pandemic playbook author: We knew pandemic was coming. CNN. Retrieved April 30, from https://edition.cnn.com/videos/tv/2020/03/31/amanpour-beth-cameron-coronavirus.cnn
- Benatar, S., Gill, S., & Bakker, I. (2011). Global health and the global economic crisis. American Journal of Public Health, 101(4), 646–653. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2009.188458
- Bennett, B., Cohen, G., Davies, S., Gostin, L., Hill, P., Mankad, A., & Phelan, A. (2018). Future-proofing global health: Governance of priorities. Global Public Health, 13(5), 519–527. https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2017.1296172
- Bobes, L. (2020). George Floyd protests aren’t just anti-racist – they are anti-authoritarian. Retrieved June 25, 2020, from https://theconversation.com/george-floyd-protests-arent-just-anti-racist-they-are-anti-authoritarian-139932
- Brechenmacher, S., Carothers, T., & Youngs, R. (2020, April 21). Civil society and the coronavirus: Dynamism despite disruption. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Retrieved July 10, 2020, from https://carnegieendowment.org/2020/04/21/civil-society-and-coronavirus-dynamism-despite-disruption-pub-81592
- Burke, J., & Mumin, A. (2020, March 24). Mogadishu's refugees ‘waiting for death’ as Covid-19 reaches Somalia. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2020/mar/24/mogadishus-refugees-waiting-for-death-as-covid-19-reaches-somalia
- Chadwick, L. (2020, March 27). ‘The future of the European project is at stake': EU in crosshairs of coronavirus pandemic. Euronews. https://www.euronews.com/2020/03/27/the-future-of-the-european-project-is-at-stake-eu-in-crosshairs-of-coronavirus-pandemic
- City Press. (2020, May 25). Covid-19: Africa has come together to face its challenges – Ramaphosa. https://www.news24.com/citypress/news/covid-19-africa-has-come-together-to-face-its-challenges-ramaphosa-20200525
- Coetzee, B., & Kagee, A. (2020). Structural barriers to adhering to health behaviours in the context of the COVID-19 crisis: Considerations for low- and middle-income countries. Global Public Health, https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2020.1779331
- Doctors without Borders. (2020, April 22). Covid-19 crisis update: Racing to respond to the pandemic in over 70 countries https://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/what-we-do/news-stories/news/covid-19-crisis-update-racing-respond-pandemic-over-70-countries
- Duggan, J., & Sandefur, J. (2020, April 14). Tracking the World Bank’s Response to COVID-19. Center for Global Development. Retrieved July 1, from https://www.cgdev.org/blog/tracking-world-banks-response-covid-19
- Engler, M., & Engler, P. (2016, March 7). Three Times When ‘Impractical’ Movements Led to Real Change. Against all odds, the world broke open. Could it happen again in 2016? The Nation. https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/three-times-when-impractical-movements-led-to-real-change/
- Engler, M., & Engler, P. (2017). This is an Uprising: How Nonviolent Revolt is shaping the Twenty-first Century. Nation Books.
- European Central Bank. (2020, May 18). ECB announces €750 billion Pandemic Emergency Purchase Programme (PEPP). Retrieved June 15, 2020, from https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/pr/date/2020/html/ecb.pr200318_1~3949d6f266.en.html
- Fabricius, P. (2020, June 19). Ramaphosa launches platform for Covid-19 supplies in Africa. Daily Maverick. https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2020-06-19-ramaphosa-launches-platform-for-covid-19-supplies-in-africa/ - gsc.tab=0
- Fadel, M., Salomon, J., & Descatha, A. (2020). Coronavirus outbreak: The role of companies in preparedness and responses. The Lancet Public Health, https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30051-7
- Garg, S., Kim, L., Whitaker, M., O’Halloran, A., Cummings, C., Holstein, R., Prill, M., Chai, S. J., Kirley, P. D., Alden, N. B., Kawasaki, B., Yousey-Hindes, K., Niccolai, L., Anderson, E. J., Openo, K. P., Weigel, A., Monroe, M. L., Ryan, P., Henderson, J., … Fry, A. (2020). Hospitalization Rates and Characteristics of Patients Hospitalized with Laboratory-Confirmed Coronavirus disease 2019 — COVID-NET, 14 states, March 1–30, 2020. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 69(15), 458–464. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6915e3
- Gautier, L., Sieleunou, I., & Kalolo, A. (2018). Deconstructing the notion of “global health research partnerships” across Northern and African contexts. BMC Medical Ethics, 19(Supplement 1), 49. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12910-018-0280-7
- GAVI. (2020). Gavi’s core focus and a new five-year strategy. Retrieved June 6, from https://www.gavi.org
- Gostin, L. (2015). Reforming the World Health Organization After Ebola. Jama, 313(14), 1407. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2015.2334
- Gostin, L., & Friedman, E. (2015). A retrospective and prospective analysis of the west African Ebola virus disease epidemic: Robust national health systems at the foundation and an empowered WHO at the apex. The Lancet, 385(9980), 1902–1909. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60644-4
- Hirsch, A. (2020). Why are Africa's coronavirus successes being overlooked? The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/may/21/africa-coronavirus-successes-innovation-europe-us
- Holst, J. (2020). Global Health – emergence, hegemonic trends and biomedical reductionism. Globalization and Health, 16(1), 42. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-020-00573-4
- International Monetary Fund. (2020, June 29). The IMF's Response to COVID-19. Retrieved June 6, from https://www.imf.org/en/About/FAQ/imf-response-to-covid-19
- Ioannou, L. (2020, January 23). Geopolitical tensions are high, putting global economy at risk, UN Secretary-General says. CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2020/01/23/geopolitical-tensions-putting-global-economy-at-risk-un-secretary.html
- IRC. (2020). COVID-19. Retrieved July 10, from https://www.ircwash.org/covid-19
- Kentikelenis, A., Gabor, D., Ortiz, I., Stubbs, T., McKee, M., & Stuckler, D. (2020). Softening the blow of the pandemic: Will the international Monetary Fund and World Bank make things worse? Lancet Global Health, 8(6), e758–e759. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30135-2
- Kurian, O. (2020, May 21). How the Indian state of Kerala flattened the coronavirus curve The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/apr/21/kerala-indian-state-flattened-coronavirus-curve
- Lazzerini, M., & Putoto, G. (2020). COVID-19 in Italy: momentous decisions and many uncertainties. Lancet Global Health, March 18, 2020(https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30110-8)
- ‘me too’ movement. (2020). me too. About. History and vision. Retrieved June 21, from https://metoomvmt.org/about/
- Nay, O., Kieny, M.-P., Marmora, L., & Kazatchine, M. (2020). The WHO we want. The Lancet, 395(10240), P1818–P1820. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31298-8
- Negin, J., & Dhillon, R. (2016). Outsourcing: How to reform WHO for the 21st century. BMJ Global Health, 1(2), e000047. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2016-000047
- Noor, P. (2020, June 8). What the George Floyd protests have achieved in just two weeks. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/jun/08/what-have-protests-achieved-george-floyd-death-police-funding-statues
- OCHA. (2020). Global Humanitarian Response Plan COVID-19. United Nations Coordinated Appeal. April-December 2020. GHRP May Update (https://www.un.org/development/desa/ageing/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2020/05/GHRP-COVID19_May_Update.pdf
- Okonkwo, N., Aguwa, U., Jang, M., Barré, I., Page, K., Sullivan, P., Beyrer, C., & Baral, S. (2020). COVID-19 and the US response: accelerating health inequities. BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine, Epub Ahead of Publication [19 June 2020]. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjebm-2020-111426
- Palagyi, A., Marais, B., Abimbola, S., Topp, S., McBryde, E., & Negin, J. (2019). Health system preparedness for emerging infectious diseases: A synthesis of the literature. Global Public Health, 14(12), 1847–1868. https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2019.1614645
- Pate, M. (2020, July 1). Making health systems stronger while tackling the impacts of COVID-19. World Bank. Retrieved July 10, from https://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/making-health-systems-stronger-while-tackling-impacts-covid-19
- Pearce, K. (2019). Pandemic simulation exercise spotlights massive preparedness gap. John Hopkins University. Retrieved June 25, from https://hub.jhu.edu/2019/11/06/event-201-health-security/
- Phillips, T. (2020, June 5). Brazil condemned to historic tragedy by Bolsonaro's virus response – top doctor. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jun/05/brazil-coronavirus-covid-19-virus-doctor
- Quinn, S., & Kumar, S. (2014). Health inequalities and infectious disease epidemics: A challenge for global health security. Biosecurity and Bioterrorism: Biodefense Strategy, Practice, and Science, 12(5), 263–273. https://doi.org/10.1089/bsp.2014.0032
- Reuters. (2020, June 5). Senegal to ease coronavirus curfew as protests spread to capital. Daily Maverick. https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2020-06-05-senegal-to-ease-coronavirus-curfew-as-protests-spread-to-capital/ - gsc.tab=0
- Riley-Smith, B. (2020). Donald Trump threatens to cut funding to ‘China-centric’ World Health Organisation. The Telegraph. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2020/04/08/donald-trump-threatens-cut-funding-world-health-organisation/
- Shaban, A. (2020, July 1). Nigeria hub: over 15,500 virus cases in June, eased lockdown etc. Africanews. https://www.africanews.com/2020/07/01/nigeria-coronavirus-covid-19-updates-june-2020/
- Shamasunder, S., Holmes, S., Goronga, T., Carrasco, H., Katz, E., Frankfurter, R., & Keshavjee, S. (2020). COVID-19 reveals weak health systems by design: Why we must re-make global health in this historic moment. Global Public Health, 15(7), 1083–1089. https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2020.1760915
- Sheikh, K., Gilson, L., Agyepong, I., Hanson, K., Ssengooba, F., & Bennett, S. (2011). Building the field of health policy and systems research: Framing the questions. PLOS Medicine, 8(8), e1001073. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001073
- Smith, D. (2020). Trump gives up on virus fight to focus on economic recovery – and re-election. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/may/05/donald-trump-coronavirus-economic-recovery
- Suzman, M. (2020). Announcing the COVID-19 Therapeutics Accelerator. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Retrieved 03/04/2020, from https://www.gatesfoundation.org/TheOptimist/Articles/coronavirus-mark-suzman-therapeutics
- Taylor, L. (2020, June 10). How South America became the new centre of the coronavirus pandemic. NewScientist. https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg24632863-300-how-south-america-became-the-new-centre-of-the-coronavirus-pandemic/
- United Nations. (2015). Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/21252030 Agenda for Sustainable Development web.pdf
- United Nations. (2020a). Global Humanitarian Response Plan COVID-19. United Nations Coordinated Appeal April - December 2020. https://www.unocha.org/sites/unocha/files/Global-Humanitarian-Response-Plan-COVID-19.pdf
- United Nations. (2020b). Shared responsibility, global solidarity: Responding to the socio-economic impacts of COVID-19 (https://unsdg.un.org/sites/default/files/2020-03/SG-Report-Socio-Economic-Impact-of-Covid19.pdf
- United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2020). World Social Report 2020. Inequality in a rapidly changing world (https://www.un.org/development/desa/dspd/wp-content/uploads/sites/22/2020/01/World-Social-Report-2020-FullReport.pdf
- Vally, H. (2020). 6 countries, 6 curves: how nations that moved fast against COVID-19 avoided disaster. Retrieved July 4, 2020, from https://theconversation.com/6-countries-6-curves-how-nations-that-moved-fast-against-covid-19-avoided-disaster-137333
- Warren, A. E., Wyss, K., Shakarishvili, G., Atun, R., & de Savigny, D. (2013). Global health initiative investments and health systems strengthening: A content analysis of global fund investments. Globalization and Health, 9(30). https://doi.org/10.1186/1744-8603-9-30
- WHO. (2008). International Health Regulations (2005). Second edition https://www.who.int/ihr/publications/9789241596664/en/
- WHO. (2016). A research and development Blueprint for action to prevent epidemics. Retrieved April 12, 2020, from https://www.who.int/blueprint/en/
- WHO. (2019). Global spending on health: A world in transition (https://www.who.int/health_financing/documents/health-expenditure-report-2019.pdf?ua=1
- WHO. (2020a). 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): Strategic Preparedness and Response Plan. Draft as of 3 February 2020 (https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/srp-04022020.pdf
- WHO. (2020b). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Situation Report - 82. Retrieved April 12, from https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200411-sitrep-82-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=74a5d15_2
- WHO. (2020c). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Situation Report – 163. WHO. Retrieved July 3, from https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200701-covid-19-sitrep-163.pdf?sfvrsn=c202f05b_2
- WHO. (2020d). Covid-19 strategy update (https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/covid-strategy-update-14april2020.pdf?sfvrsn=29da3ba0_19
- WHO. (2020e). Global Health Observatory Data Repository. Indicator views. Retrieved April 12, 2020, from https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.imr
- WHO. (2020f, May 29). How WHO is funded. Retrieved June 29, from https://www.who.int/about/planning-finance-and-accountability/how-who-is-funded
- WHO. (2020g, 01/04/2020). Situation Report - 72. WHO. Retrieved 03/04/2020, from https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200401-sitrep-72-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=3dd8971b_2
- WHO. (2020h). WHO Health Emergencies Programme. Retrieved June 20, from https://www.afro.who.int/about-us/programmes-clusters/who-health-emergencies-programme
- WHO Europe. (2019). Healthy, prosperous lives for all: the European Health Equity Status Report (https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/health-determinants/social-determinants/publications/2019/healthy,-prosperous-lives-for-all-the-european-health-equity-status-report.-executive-summary-2019