Young adults’ conceptions of ‘good’ citizenship behaviours: a latent class analysis

References

• Almond, G. A., & Verba, S. (1963). The civic culture: Political attitudes and democracy in five nations. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Amadeo, J.-A., Torney-Purta, J., Lehmann, R., Husfeldt, V., & Nikolova, R. (2002). Civic knowledge and engagement: An IEA study of upper secondary students in sixteen countries. Amsterdam: IEA.
   Google Scholar
• Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority. (2014). National assessment program: Civics and citizenship years 6 and 10 report 2013. Sydney: ACARA.
   Google Scholar
• Australian Electoral Commission. (2015). Annual report 2014–15. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia.
   Google Scholar
• Bean, C., & Denemark, D. (2007). Citizenship, participation, efficacy and trust in Australia. In D. Denemark, G. Meagher, S. Wilson, M. Western, & T. Phillips (Eds.), Australian social attitudes 2: Citizenship, work and aspirations (pp. 58–80). Sydney: UNSW Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bean, C., McAllister, I., Pietsch, J., & Gibson, R. K. (2014). Australian election study, 2013, study documentation, Version 1.0. Canberra: Australian National University.
   Google Scholar
• Bolzendahl, C., & Coffé, H. (2013). Are ‘good’ citizens ‘good’ participants? Testing citizenship norms and political participation across 25 nations. Political Studies, 61(S1), 45–65. doi: 10.1111/1467-9248.12010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chow, K. F., & Kennedy, K. J. (2014). Secondary analysis of large-scale assessment data: An alternative to variable-centred analysis. Educational Research and Evaluation, 20(6), 469–493. doi: 10.1080/13803611.2014.976831
   Google Scholar
• Conover, P. J., Crewe, I. M., & Searing, D. D. (1991). The nature of citizenship in the United States and Great Britain: Empirical comments on theoretical themes. The Journal of Politics, 53(3), 800–832. doi: 10.2307/2131580
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Copeland, L. (2014). Value change and political action: Postmaterialism, political consumerism, and political participation. American Politics Research, 42(2), 257–282. doi: 10.1177/1532673X13494235
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalton, R. J. (2008). Citizenship norms and the expansion of political participation. Political Studies, 56(1), 76–98. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9248.2007.00718.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalton, R. J., & Shin, D. C. (2014). Reassessing the civic culture model. In R. J. Dalton & C. Welzel (Eds.), The civic culture transformed: From allegiant to assertive citizens (pp. 91–115). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Denters, B., Gabriel, O. W. & Torcal, M. (2007) Norms of good citizenship. In J. W. van Deth, J. R. Montero, & A. Westholm (Eds.), Citizenship and involvement in European democracies: A comparative perspective (pp. 88–108). London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• van Deth, J. W. (2012). New modes of participation and norms of citizenship. In J. W. van Deth & W. A. Maloney (Eds.), New participatory dimensions in civil society (pp. 115–139). London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Eid, M., Langeheine, R., & Diener, E. (2003). Comparing typological structures across cultures by multigroup latent class analysis: A primer. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 34(2), 195–210. doi: 10.1177/0022022102250427
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fenna, A. (2007). The malaise of federalism: Comparative reflections on commonwealth-state relations. Australian Journal of Public Administration, 66(3), 298–306. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8500.2007.00551.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris, A., Wyn, J., & Younes, S. (2008). Rethinking youth citizenship. Identity and connection. Melbourne: Australian Youth Research Centre.
   Google Scholar
• Hooghe, M., Dassonneville, R., & Marien, S. (2015). The impact of education on the development of political trust: Results from a five-year panel study among late adolescents and young adults in Belgium. Political Studies, 63(1), 123–141. doi: 10.1111/1467-9248.12102
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hooghe, M., & Oser, J. (2015). The rise of engaged citizenship: The evolution of citizenship norms among adolescents in 21 countries between 1999 and 2009. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 56(1), 29–52. doi: 10.1177/0020715215578488
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hooghe, M., Oser, J., & Marien, S. (2016). A comparative analysis of ‘good citizenship’: A latent class analysis of adolescents’ citizenship norms in 38 Countries. International Political Science Review, 37(1), 115–129. doi: 10.1177/0192512114541562
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jasso, G., & Opp, K.-D. (1997). Probing the character of norms: A factorial survey analysis of the norms of political action. American Sociological Review, 62(6), 947–964. doi: 10.2307/2657349
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jennings, M. K. (2015). The dynamics of good citizenship norms. In T. Poguntke, S. Roßteutscher, R. Schmitt-Beck, & S. Zmerli (Eds.), Citizenship and democracy in an Era of crisis: Essays in honour of Jan W. Van deth (pp. 93–111). Abingdon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Jennings, M. K., & Niemi, R. G. (1974). The political character of adolescence: The influence of families and schools. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Jung, T., & Wickrama, K. A. S. (2008). An introduction to latent class growth analysis and growth mixture modeling. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2(1), 302–317. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00054.x
   Google Scholar
• Kennedy, K. J., Hahn, C. L., & Lee, W. O. (2008). Constructing citizenship: Comparing the views of students in Australia, Hong Kong, and the United States. Comparative Education Review, 52(1), 53–91. doi: 10.1086/524306
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, Y., Russo, S., & Amnå, E. (2016). The longitudinal relation between online and offline political participation among youth at two different developmental stages. New Media & Society. doi:10.1177/1461444815624181.
   Google Scholar
• Manning, B., & Ryan, R. (2004). Youth and citizenship: A report for NYARS. Canberra: NYARS.
   Google Scholar
• Martin, A. (2012). Political participation among the young in Australia: Testing Dalton’s good citizen thesis. Australian Journal of Political Science, 47(2), 211–226. doi: 10.1080/10361146.2012.677003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masyn, K. E. (2013). Latent class analysis and finite mixture modeling. In T. D. Little (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of quantitative methods, volume 2: Statistical analysis (pp. 551–611). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mellor, S., Kennedy, K., & Greenwood, L. (2002). Citizenship and democracy: Australian students’ knowledge and beliefs, the IEA civic education study of fourteen year olds. Camberwell: ACER.
   Google Scholar
• Ministerial Council on Education, Employment, Training and Youth Affairs. (2008). Melbourne declaration on educational goals for young Australians. Melbourne: MCEETYA.
   Google Scholar
• Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1998–2015). Mplus user's guide. Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén.
   Google Scholar
• Nevitte, N. (2014). The decline of deference revisited: Evidence after twenty-five years. In R. J. Dalton & C. Welzel (Eds.), The civic culture transformed: From allegiant to assertive citizens (pp. 35–58). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nylund, K. L., Asparouhov, T., & Muthén, B. O. (2007). Deciding on the number of classes in latent class analysis and growth mixture modeling: A Monte Carlo simulation study. Structural Equation Modeling, 14(4), 535–569. doi: 10.1080/10705510701575396
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oser, J. (2016). Assessing how participators combine acts in their ‘political tool kits’: A person-centered measurement approach for analyzing citizen participation. Social Indicators Research, 1–24. ( Online First, doi:10.1007/s11205-016-1364-8).
   Google Scholar
• Oser, J., & Hooghe, M. (2013). The evolution of citizenship norms among Scandinavian adolescents. 1999–2009. Scandinavian Political Studies, 36(4), 320–346. doi: 10.1111/1467-9477.12009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phillips, H. C. J., & Moroz, W. (1996). Civics and citizenship: Research findings on students’ perceptions. Youth Studies Australia, 15(1), 13–19.
   Google Scholar
• Prior, W. (1999). What it means to be a ‘good citizen’ in Australia: Perceptions of teachers. students, and Parents. Theory & Research in Social Education, 27(2), 215–247. doi: 10.1080/00933104.1999.10505879
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.
   Google Scholar
• Raney, T., & Berdahl, L. (2009). Birds of a feather? Citizenship norms. Group identity, and political participation in Western Canada, Canadian Journal of Political Science, 42(1), 187–209. doi: 10.1017/S0008423909090076
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reichert, F. (2016a). Students’ perceptions of good citizenship: A person-centred approach. Social Psychology of Education, 19(3), 661–693. doi: 10.1007/s11218-016-9342-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reichert, F. (2016b). Who is the engaged citizen? Correlates of secondary school students’ concepts of citizenship. Educational Research and Evaluation, 22(5–6), 305–332. doi: 10.1080/13803611.2016.1245148
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saunders, C., & Crommelin, M. (2015). Reforming Australian federal democracy, Melbourne legal studies research paper, No (711). Melbourne: The University of Melbourne.
   Google Scholar
• Schulz, W., Ainley, J., & Fraillon, J. (Eds.). (2011). ICCS 2009 technical report. Amsterdam: IEA.
   Google Scholar
• Sears, D. O., & Valentino, N. A. (1997). Politics matters: Political events as catalysts for preadult socialization. American Political Science Review, 91(1), 45–65. doi: 10.2307/2952258
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sotirovic, M., & McLeod, J. M. (2004). Knowledge as understanding: The information processing approach to political learning. In L. L. Kaid (Ed.), Handbook of political communication research (pp. 357–394). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Spiller, M. (2014). Social justice and the centralisation of governance in The Australian metropolis: A case study of Melbourne. Urban Policy and Research, 32(3), 361–380. doi: 10.1080/08111146.2013.838156
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Straughn, J. B., & Andriot, A. L. (2011). Education, civic patriotism, and democratic citizenship: Unpacking the education effect on political involvement. Sociological Forum, 26(3), 556–580. doi: 10.1111/j.1573-7861.2011.01262.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Theiss-Morse, E. (1993). Conceptualizations of good citizenship and political participation. Political Behavior, 15(4), 355–380. doi: 10.1007/BF00992103
   Google Scholar
• Torney-Purta, J. (2009). International psychological research that matters for policy and practice. American Psychologist, 64(4), 825–837. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.64.8.825
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torney-Purta, J., Amadeo, J.-A., & Andolina, M. W. (2010). A conceptual framework and multimethod approach for research on political socialization and civic engagement. In L. R. Sherrod, J. Torney-Purta, & C. A. Flanagan (Eds.), Handbook of research on civic engagement in youth (pp. 497–523). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Torney-Purta, J., & Barber, C. (2011). Fostering young people’s support for participatory human rights through their developmental niches. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 81(4), 473–481. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-0025.2011.01113.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torney-Purta, J., Lehmann, R., Oswald, H., & Schulz, W. (2001). Citizenship and education in twenty-eight countries: Civic knowledge and engagement at Age fourteen. Amsterdam: IEA.
   Google Scholar
• Vráblíková, K. (2014). How context matters? Mobilization, political opportunity structures, and nonelectoral political participation in old and new democracies. Comparative Political Studies, 47(2), 203–229. doi: 10.1177/0010414013488538
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vromen, A. (2003). ‘People try to put us down … ’: Participatory citizenship of ‘generation X’. Australian Journal of Political Science, 38(1), 79–99. doi: 10.1080/1036114032000056260
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells, C. (2014). Tow eras of civic information and the evolving relationship between civil society organizations and young citizens. New Media & Society, 16(4), 615–636. doi: 10.1177/1461444813487962
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells, C., Vraga, E., Thorson, K., Edgerly, S., & Bode, L. (2015). Youth civic engagement. In S. Colemand & D. Freelon (Eds.), Handbook of digital politics (pp. 199–220). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Welzel, C., & Dalton, R. J. (2014). From allegiant to assertive citizens. In R. J. Dalton & C. Welzel (Eds.), The civic culture transformed: From allegiant to assertive citizens (pp. 282–306). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar