Being near the action: bed and breakfast and guesthouse entrepreneurs and the hosting of black South African domestic tourists in the Cape Town townships

References

• Bolles, ALynn. 1997. “Women as a Category of Analysis in Scholarship on Tourism: Jamaican Women and Tourism Employment.” In Tourism and Culture, edited by Erve Chambers, 77–92. Albany: State University of New York Press.
   Google Scholar
• Booyens, Irma, Christian M. Rogerson, Jayne M. Rogerson, and Tom Baum. 2022. “COVID-19 Crisis Management Responses of Small Tourism Firms in South Africa.” Tourism Review International 26 (1): 121–137. doi:10.3727/154427221X16245632411872.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butler, Shelley Ruth. 2010. “Should I Stay or Should I Go: Negotiating Township Tours in Post-Apartheid South Africa.” Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change 8 (1–2): 15–29. doi:10.1080/14766821003777756.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cairns, David, Thais França, Daniel Malet Calvo, and Leonardo de Azevedo. 2021. “An Immobility Turn? The Covid-19 Pandemic, Mobility Capital, and International Students in Portugal.” Mobilities 16 (6): 874–887. doi:10.1080/17450101.2021.1967094.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheong, So-Min, and Marc L. Miller. 2000. “Power and Tourism: A Foucauldian Observation.” Annals of Tourism Research 27 (2): 371–390. doi:10.1016/S0160-7383(99)00065-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, Erik, and Scott A. Cohen. 2015. “Beyond Eurocentrism in Tourism: A Paradigm Shift to Mobilities.” Tourism Recreation Research 40 (2): 157–168. doi:10.1080/02508281.2015.1039331.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cresswell, Tim. 2021. “Valuing Mobility in a Post-COVID-19 World.” Mobilities 16 (1): 51–65. doi:10.1080/17450101.2020.1863550.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dickson, Jessica L. 2012. “Revisiting ‘Township Tourism’: Multiple Mobilities and the Reterritorialisation of Township Spaces in Cape Town, South Africa.” Anthropology Southern Africa 35 (1-2): 31–39. doi:10.1080/23323256.2012.11500021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dieke, PeterUC. 2001. “The Forgotten Giant: Women’s Role in Africa’s Delayed Tourism Development.” In Women as Producers and Consumers of Tourism in Development Regions, edited by Yorghos Apostolopoulos, Sevil Sönmez, and Dallen J. Timothy, 167–190. Westport: Praeger Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Dlomo, Thobeka O., and Christian M. Rogerson. 2021. “Tourism and Local Economic Development in King Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality, South Africa: Stakeholder Perspectives.” African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism, and Leisure 10 (1): 145–164. doi:10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-92.
   Google Scholar
• Gale, Tim. 2008. “The End of Tourism, or Endings in Tourism?” In Tourism and Mobilities: Local-Global Connections, edited by Peter M. Burns and Marina Novelli, 1–14. Wallingford, UK: CABI Press.
   Google Scholar
• George, Richard, and Irma Booyens. 2014. “Township Tourism Demand: Tourists’ Perceptions of Safety and Security.” Urban Forum 25 (4): 449–467. doi:10.1007/s12132-014-9228-2.
   Google Scholar
• Ghodsee, Kristen. 2005. The Red Riviera: Gender, Tourism, and Post-Socialism on the Black Sea. Durham: Duke University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gmelch, Sharon Bohn. 2010. “Why Tourism Matters.” In Tourists and Tourism: A Reader, edited by Sharon Bohn Gmelch, 2nd ed., 3–24. Long Grove: Waveland Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gössling, Stefan, Daniel Scott, and C. Michael Hall. 2021. “Pandemics, Tourism and Global Change: A Rapid Assessment of COVID-19.” Journal of Sustainable Tourism 29 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1080/09669582.2020.1758708.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Government of South Africa. 2022. “COVID-19/Novel Coronavirus.” Accessed 13 January 2022. https://www.gov.za/covid-19/about/coronavirus-covid-19-alert-level-4.
   Google Scholar
• Greene, Katrina. 2012. “Women, Entrepreneurship, and Empowerment: Black-Owned Township in Cape Town, South Africa.” In Global Tourism: Cultural Heritage and Economic Encounters, edited by Sarah Lyon and E. Christian Wells, 165–185. Lanham: AltaMira Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hannam, Kevin, and Gareth Butler. 2012. “Engaging the New Mobilities Paradigm in Contemporary African Tourism Research.” Africa Insight 42 (2): 127–135.
   Google Scholar
• Hannam, Kevin, Mimi Sheller, and John Urry. 2006. “Editorial: Mobilities, Immobilities and Moorings.” Mobilities 1 (1): 1–22. doi:10.1080/17450100500489189.
   Google Scholar
• Hikido, Annie. 2018. “Entrepreneurship in South African Township Tourism: The Impact of Interracial Social Capital.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 41 (14): 2580–2598. doi:10.1080/01419870.2017.1392026.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hikido, Annie. 2021. “Making South Africa Safe: The Gendered Production of Black Place on the Global Stage.” Qualitative Sociology 44 (2): 293–312. doi:10.1007/s11133-021-09478-z.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hofäcker, Jana, and Matthias Gebauer. 2021. “Airbnb in Townships of South Africa: A New Experience of Township Tourism?” In Urban Tourism in the Global South: South African Perspectives, edited by Christian M. Rogerson and Jayne M. Rogerson, 129–147. Cham: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Koens, Ko, and Rhodri Thomas. 2015. “Is Small Beautiful? Understanding the Contribution of Small Businesses in Township Tourism to Economic Development.” Development Southern Africa 32 (3): 320–332. doi:10.1080/0376835X.2015.1010715.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nemasetoni, Irene, and Christian M. Rogerson. 2005. “Developing Small Firms in Township Tourism: Emerging Tour Operators in Gauteng, South Africa.” Urban Forum 16 (2–3): 196–213. doi:10.1007/s12132-005-1005-9.
   Google Scholar
• Ramchander, Pranill. 2007. “Township Tourism—Blessing or Blight? The Case of Soweto in South Africa.” In Cultural Tourism: Global and Local Perspectives, edited by Greg Richards, 39–67. New York: The Haworth Hospitality Press.
   Google Scholar
• Rogerson, Christian M. 2004. “Transforming the South African Tourism Industry: The Emerging Black-Owned Bed and Breakfast Economy.” GeoJournal 60 (3): 273–281. doi:10.1023/B:GEJO.0000034734.81953.47.
   Google Scholar
• Rogerson, Christian M. 2015. “Restructuring the Geography of Domestic Tourism in South Africa.” Bulletin of Geography. Socio-Economic Series 29 (29): 119–135. doi:10.1515/bog-2015-0029.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogerson, Christian M. 2017. “Unpacking Directions and Spatial Patterns of VFR Travel Mobilities in the Global South: Insights from South Africa.” International Journal of Tourism Research 19 (4): 466–475. doi:10.1002/jtr.2101.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogerson, Christian M. 2019. “Peripheral Tourism Trajectories: Evidence from the King Sabata Dalindyebo Municipality, South Africa.” GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 26 (3): 974–992. doi:10.30892/gtg.26323-411.
   Google Scholar
• Rogerson, Christian M., and Gustav Visser. 2007. “International Tourism Flows and Urban Tourism in South Africa.” In Urban Tourism in the Developing World, edited by Christian M. Rogerson and Gustav Visser, 41–56. New Brunswick: Transaction.
   Google Scholar
• Rogerson, Christian M., and Jayne M. Rogerson. 2017. “City Tourism in South Africa: Diversity and Change.” Tourism Review International 21 (2): 193–211. doi:10.3727/154427217X14984977561745.
   Google Scholar
• Rogerson, Christian M., and Jayne M. Rogerson. 2021. “The Other Half of Urban Tourism; Research Directions in the Global South.” In Urban Tourism in the Global South: South African Perspectives, edited by Christian M. Rogerson and Jayne M. Rogerson, 1–37. Cham: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Rogerson, Christian M., and Tintswalo Mthombeni. 2015. “From Slum Tourism to Slum Tourists: Township Resident Mobilities in South Africa.” Nordic Journal of African Studies 24 (3/4): 319–338.
   Google Scholar
• Rogerson, Christian M., and Tom Baum. 2020. “COVID-19 and African Tourism Research Agendas.” Development Southern Africa 37 (5): 727–741. doi:10.1080/0376835X.2020.1818551.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rojek, Chris, and John Urry. 1997. “Transformations of Travel and Theory.” In Touring Cultures: Transformations in Leisure and Travel, edited by Chris Rojek and John Urry, 1–19. Abingdon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Salazar, Noel B. 2021. “Existential vs Essential Mobilities: Insights from before, during and after a Crisis.” Mobilities 16 (1): 20–34. doi:10.1080/17450101.2020.1866320.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• South African Tourism Annual Report. 2018/2019. Accessed 12 January 2022. https://nationalgovernment.co.za/entity_annual/1979/2019-south-african-tourism-annual-report.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Southall, Roger. 2019. “South Africa’s Precarious Black Middle Class.” Current History 118 (808): 169–174. doi:10.1525/curh.2019.118.808.169.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sucheran, Reshma. 2022. “The COVID-19 Pandemic and Guesthouses in South Africa: Economic Impacts and Recovery Measures.” Development Southern Africa 39 (1): 35–60. doi:10.1080/0376835X.2021.2003758.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Timothy, Dallen J. 2001. “Gender Relations in Tourism: Revisiting Patriarchy and Underdevelopment.” In Women as Producers and Consumers of Tourism in Development Regions, edited by Yorghos Apostolopoulos, Sevil Sönmez, and Dallen J. Timothy, 235–248. Westport: Praeger Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Tourism Grading Council of South Africa. 2019. “Core Grading Requirements.” Accessed 12 January 2022. https://www.tourismgrading.co.za/assets/Uploads/10031125-TGCSA-Grading-Criteria-Booklet-REV-20.pdf.
   Google Scholar