76
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Endogenous N‐losses in broilers estimated by a [15N]‐isotope dilution technique: Effect of dietary fat type and xylanase addition

, &
Pages 75-97 | Received 31 May 1999, Published online: 10 Jan 2009

References

  • Adeola , O. and Rogler , J. C. 1994 . Comparative extraction methods for spectro‐photometric analysis of uric acid in avian excreta. . Arch. Anim. Nutr. , 47 : 1 – 10 .
  • Almirall , M. , Francesch , M. , Perez‐Vendrell , A. M. , Brufau , J. and Esteve‐Garcia , E. 1995 . The differences in intestinal viscosity produced by barley and ß‐glucanase alter digesta enzyme activities and ileal nutrient digestibilities more in broiler chicks than in cocks . J. Nutr. , 125 : 947 – 955 .
  • Bedford , M. R. and Classen , H. L. 1992 . Reduction of intestinal viscosity through manipulation of dietary rye and pentosanase concentration is effected through changes in the carbohydrate composition of the intestinal aqueous phase and results in improved growth rate and food conversion efficiency. . J. Nutr. , 122 : 560 – 569 .
  • Bedford , M. R. and Schulze , H. 1998 . Exogenous enzymes for pigs and poultry. . Nutr. Res. Rev. , 11 : 91 – 114 .
  • Bergner , H. , Bergner , U. and Adam , K. 1978a . Eine neue Methode zur Prüfung der Qualität von Nahrungsproteinen für den Erhaltungsstoffwechsel. 1. Mitteilung: Untersuchungen zur Höhe der 15N‐Ausscheidung über den Harn von 15N‐markierten jungen Versuchsratten nach Fütterung verschiedener Energieträger . Arch. Anim. Nutr. , 28 : 329 – 339 .
  • Bergner , U. , Adam , K. and Bergner , H. 1978b . Eine neue Methodik zur Prüfung der Qualität von Nahrungsproteinen für den Erhaltungsstoffwechsel. 2. Mitteilung: Untersuchungen zur 15N‐Ausscheidung über den Kot von 15N‐markierten Versuchsratten nach Fütterung verschiedener Proteinträger . Arch. Anim. Nutr. , 28 : 585 – 602 .
  • Calder , A. G. and Smith , A. 1988 . Stable isotope ratio analysis of leucine and ketoisocaproic acid in blood plasma by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Use of tertiary butyldimethylsilyl derivatives. . Rap. Comm. Mass Spectr. , 2 : 14 – 16 .
  • Demers , M. , Lapierre , H. , Seoane , J. R. , Nolan , J. V. and Ouellet , D. R. Effect of dietary fibre on net endogenous nitrogen secretion in lactating dairy cows . Protein metabolism and nutrition. Book of abstracts of the VIIIth International Symposium on Protein Metabolism and Nutrition . September 1–4 1999 , Aberdeen, UK. Edited by: Lobley , G. E. , White , A. and MacRae , J. C. pp. 39
  • Dänicke , S. , Simon , O. , Jeroch , H. and Bedford , M. 1997 . Interactions between dietary fat type and xylanase supplementation when rye‐based diets are fed to broiler chickens. 2. Performance, nutrient digestibility and the fat‐soluble vitamin status of livers. . Br. Poult. Sci. , 38 : 546 – 556 .
  • Dänicke , S. , Jeroch , H. and Kracht , W. 1998 . Untersuchungen zum Einfluß eines thermischen Behandlungsverfahrens von Rapssaat auf die Proteinqualität für Broiler. . Arch. Geflügelkde. , 62 : 163 – 168 .
  • Dänicke , S. , Jeroch , H. , Böttcher , W. , Bedford , M. R. and Simon , O. 1999a . Effects of dietary fat type, pentosan level and xylanases on digestibility of fatty acids, liver lipids and vitamin E in broilers. . Fett/Lipid , 101 : 90 – 100 .
  • Dänicke , S. , Simon , O. and Jeroch , H. 1999b . Einfluß von Futterfettart und Enzymzulage auf die fraktionelle Proteinsyntheserate im Dünndarmgewebe männlicher Broiler . Proc. Soc. Nutr. Physiol. , 8 : 54
  • de Lange , C. F. M. , Sauer , W. C. , Souffrant , W. B. and Lien , K. A. 1992 . 15N‐leucine and 15N‐isoleucine isotope dilution techniques versus the 15N‐isotope dilution technique for determining the recovery of endogenous protein and amino acids in digesta collected from distal ileum in pigs . J. Anim. Sci. , 70 : 1848 – 1856 .
  • de Lange , C. F. M. , Souffrant , W. B. and Sauer , W. C. 1990 . Real ileal protein and amino acid digestibilities in feedstuff's for growing pigs as determined with the 15N‐isotope dilution technique . J. Anim. Sci. , 68 : 409 – 418 .
  • Friesen , O. D. , Guenter , W. , Marquardt , R. R. and Rotter , B. A. 1992 . The effect of enzyme supplementation on the apparent metabolizable energy and nutrient digestibilities of wheat, barley, oats, and rye for the young broiler chicks. . Poult. Sci. , 71 : 1710 – 1721 .
  • Gruhn , K. and Jahreis , G. 1976 . Untersuchungen zum N‐Stoffwechsel des Broilers mit 15N‐markiertem Weizen. 2. Mitteilung: 15N‐Konzentrationim Gastrointestinaltrakt und seinem Inhalt . Arch. Anim. Nutr. , 26 : 321 – 333 .
  • Hennig , A. , Gruhn , K. and Jahreis , G. 1976 . Untersuchungen zum N‐Stoffwechsel des Broilers mit 15N‐markiertem Weizen. 1. Mitteilung: Problemstellung, Versuchsdurchführung und Exkretion . Arch. Anim. Nutr. , 26 : 169 – 177 .
  • Hernandez , M. , Simon , O. and Bergner , H. 1981 . Eine neue Methode zur Prüfung der Qualität von Nahrungsproteinen für den Erhaltungsstoffwechsel 3. Mitteilung: Methodische Untersuchungen an 15N‐markierten ausgewachsenen Ratten . Arch. Anim. Nutr. , 31 : 651 – 660 .
  • Hess , V. , Thibault , J. N. and Seve , B. 1998 . The 15N amino acid dilution method allows the determination of the real digestibility and of the ileal endogenous losses of the respective amino acid in pigs . J. Nutr. , 128 : 1969 – 1977 .
  • Ikegami , S. , Tsuchihashi , F. , Harada , H. , Tsuchihashi , N. , Nishide , E. and Innami , S. 1990 . Effect of viscous indigestible polysaccharides on pancreatic‐biliary secretion and digestive organs in rats. . J. Nutr. , 120 : 353 – 360 .
  • Isaksson , G. , Lilja , P. , Lundquist , I. and Ihse , I. 1983 . Influence of dietary fiber on exocrine pancreatic function in the rat. . Digestion , 27 : 57 – 62 .
  • Johnson , I. T. and Gee , J. M. 1986 . Gastrointestinal adaptation in response to soluble non‐available polysaccharides in the rat. . Br. J. Nutr. , 55 : 497 – 505 .
  • Johnson , I. T. , Gee , J. M. and Mahoney , R. R. 1984 . Effect of dietary guar gum and cellulose on intestinal cell proliferation, enzyme levels and sugar transport in the rat. . Br. J. Nutr. , 52 : 477 – 487 .
  • Krawielitzki , K. and Smulikowska , S. 1977 . Versuche zur Bestimmung des endogenen und exogenen fäkalen N‐Anteiles monogastrischer Tierarten. . Arch. Anim. Nutr. , 27 : 39 – 47 .
  • Langhout , D. J. , Schutte , J. B. and de Jong , J. Interaction between nutrition, the intestinal microflora and the health status of broiler chicks . Proc. 10th European Poultry Conference . June 21–26 1998 , Jerusalem, Israel. Vol. II , pp. 425 – 429 .
  • Leterme , P. , Seve , B. and Thewis , A. 1998 . The current 15N‐leucine infusion technique is not suitable for quantitative measurements of ileal endogenous amino acid flows in pigs . J. Nutr , 128 : 1961 – 1968 .
  • Lien , K. A. , Sauer , W. C. and Dugan , M. E. R. 1997a . Evaluation of the 15N‐isotope dilution technique for determining the recovery of endogenous protein in ileal digesta of pigs: Effect of the pattern of blood sampling, precursor pools, and isotope dilution technique . J. Anim. Sci. , 75 : 159 – 169 .
  • Lien , K. A. , Sauer , W. C. , Mosenthin , R. , Souffrant , W. B. and Dugan , M. E. R. 1997b . Evaluation of the 15N‐isotope dilution technique for determining the recovery of endogenous protein in ileal digestion of pigs: Effect of dilution in the precursor pool for endogenous nitrogen secretion . J. Anim. Sci. , 75 : 148 – 158 .
  • Metges , C. C. , Petzke , K.‐J. and Hennig , U. 1996 . Gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometric comparison of N‐acetyl‐ and N‐pivaloyl amino acid esters to measure 15N isotopic abundance in physiological samples: A pilot study on amino acid synthesis in the upper gastro‐intestinal tract of minipigs . J. Mass Spectrom. , 31 : 367 – 376 .
  • Sagher , F. A. , Dodge , J. A. , Johnston , C. F. , Shaw , C. , Buchanan , K. D. and Can , K. E. 1991 . Rat small intestinal morphology and tissue regulatory peptides: effects of high dietary fat. . Br. J. Nutr. , 65 : 21 – 28 .
  • Schulze , H. , Butts , C. A. , Moughan , P. J. and Verstegen , M. W. A. 1995 . The 15N‐isotope dilution method for determining ileal endogenous nitrogen excretion in the young (10 kg liveweight) pig. . J. Sci. Food Agric. , 69 : 41 – 50 .
  • Sheng , Y.‐B. , Badger , T. M. , Asplund , J. M. and Wixom , R. L. 1977 . Incorporation of 15NH4C1 into histidine in adult man . J. Nutr. , 107 : 621 – 630 .
  • Silva , S. S. P. and Smithard , R. R. 1997 . Digestion of protein, fat and energy in rye‐based broiler diets is improved by the addition of exogenous xylanase and protease . Br. Poult. Sci. , 38 : S38 – S39 .
  • Silva , S. S. P. , Gilbert , H. J. and Smithard , R. R. 1997 . Exogenous polysaccharidases do not improve digestion of fat and protein by increasing trypsin or lipase activities in the small intesitine . Br. Poult. Sci. , 38 : S39 – S40 .
  • Simon , O. , Bergner , H. and Partridge , I. G. 1987 . Estimation of the endogenous N proportions in ileal digesta and faeces in N labelled pigs. . Arch. Anim. Nutr. , 37 : 851 – 859 .
  • Simon , O. , Hernandez , M. and Bergner , H. 1981 . Eine neue Methode zur Prüfung der Qualität von Nahrungsproteinen für den Erhaltungsstoffwechsel. 4. Mitteilung: Prüfung von isolierten Proteinen sowie einiger Proteinträger pflanzlicher und tierischer Herkunft. . Arch. Anim. Nutr. , 31 : 739 – 752 .
  • Simon , O. , Zebrowska , T. , Bergner , H. and Münchmeyer , R. 1983 . Investigations on the pancreatic and stomach secretion in pigs by means of continuous infusion of 14C‐amino acids . Arch. Anim. Nutr. , 33 : 9 – 22 .
  • Simon , O. 1998 . The mode of action of NSP hydrolysing enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract. . J. Anim. Feed Sci. , 7 : 115 – 123 .
  • Souffrant , W. B. , Rerat , A. , Laplace , J. P. , Darcy‐Vrillon , B. , Köhler , R. , Corring , T. and Gebhardt , G. 1993 . Exogenous and endogenous contributions to nitrogen fluxes in the digestive tract of pigs fed a casein diet. III. Recycling of endogenous nitrogen. . Reprod. Nutr. Dev. , 33 : 373 – 382 .
  • Souffrant , W. B. , Köhler , R. , Matkowitz , R. , Gebhardt , G. and Schmandke , H. 1981 . Ernährungsphysiologische Untersuchungen an Schweinen zur Beurteilung von modifizierten Proteinen. 2. Mitteilung: Bestimmung des endogenen N im Dünndarminhalt mit Hilfe der 15N‐Tracertechnik . Arch. Anim. Nutr. , 31 : 675 – 683 .
  • Terpstra , K. and de Hart , N. 1974 . The estimation of urinary nitrogen and faecal nitrogen in poultry excreta . Z. Tierphysiol., Tierernährg. u. Futtermittelkde. , 32 : 306 – 320 .
  • Torrallardona , D. , Harris , C. I. , Milne , E. and Fuller , M. F. 1994 . The contribution of intestinal microflora to amino acid requirements in pigs . Proc. of VIth International Symposium on Digestive Physiology in Pigs. 1994 . Edited by: Souffrant , W. B. and Hagemeister , H. Volume II , pp. 245 – 248 . (EAAP‐publ. No 80)

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.