Grid-net design that successfully reduces discarded catch and damage to benthic species in the veined rapa whelk beam trawl fishery

References

• Altınağaç U, Ayaz A, Kara A. 2004. A preliminary study on the whelk fisheries [Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 1846)] using liftnets of various sizes. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 21(3-4):295–299. Turkish. doi:10.12714/egejfas.2004.21.3.5000157013.
   Google Scholar
• Anjos M, Pereira F, Vasconcelos P, Joaquim S, Matias D, Erzini K, Gaspar M. 2018. Bycatch and discard survival rate in a small-scale bivalve dredge fishery along the Algarve coast (southern Portugal). Scientia Marina. 82(S1):75–90. doi:10.3989/scimar.04742.08A.
   Google Scholar
• Baeta M, Rubio C, Breton F. 2021. Impact of mechanized clam dredging on the discarded megabenthic fauna on the Catalan coast (NW Mediterranean). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 101(3):545–553. doi:10.1017/S0025315421000369.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergmann M, Beare DJ, Moore PG. 2001. Damage sustained by epibenthic invertebrates discarded in the Nephrops fishery of the Clyde Sea area, Scotland. Journal of Sea Research. 45(2):105–118. doi:10.1016/S1385-1101(01)00053-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergmann M, Moore PG. 2001. Mortality of Asterias rubens and Ophiura ophiura discarded in the Nephrops fishery of the Clyde Sea area, Scotland. ICES Journal of Marine Science. 58(3):531–542. doi:10.1006/jmsc.2001.1046.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broadhurst MK, Suuronen P, Hulme A. 2006. Estimating collateral mortality from towed fishing gear. Fish and Fisheries. 7(3):180–218. doi:10.1111/j.1467-2979.2006.00213.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BSGM. 2020. Regulation for Commercial Fisheries in Seas and Inland Waters for 2020–2024 Fishing Period. Number 5/1 (No: 2020/20). Ankara: General Directorate of Fisheries and Aquaculture (BSGM), Republic of Turkey Ministry of Food Agriculture and Livestock; 69 pp. Turkish.
   Google Scholar
• Demirel N, Ulman A, Yildiz T, Ertör-Akyazi P. 2021. A moving target: achieving good environmental status and social justice in the case of an alien species, rapa whelk in the Black Sea. Marine Policy. 132(2):104687. doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104687.
   Google Scholar
• Erik G, Dağtekin M. 2022. Effect of fishery closure on discard composition of rapa whelk, Rapana venosa (Valenciennes 1846) beam trawl fisheries in Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 22(5):TRJFAS19046. doi:10.4194/TRJFAS19046.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eryaşar AR. 2018a. A novel grid-net design to eliminate bycatch in beam trawl fishing for the veined rapa whelk in the south-eastern Black Sea. Mediterranean Marine Science. 19(3):494–503. doi:10.12681/mms.15351.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eryaşar AR. 2018b. Effects of square-mesh codend on the benthic by-catch for the beam trawl fisheries of veined rapa whelk, Rapana venosa. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria. 48(2):173–181. doi:10.3750/AIEP/02359.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eryaşar AR, Ceylan Y, Dalgıç G, Yeşilçiçek T. 2018. By-catch in the commercial beam trawl fishery for rapa whelk in the Black Sea. Mediterranean Marine Science. 19(1):69–78. doi:10.12681/mms.13873.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FAO. 2016. The State of Mediterranean and Black Sea Fisheries. General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean. Rome (Italy): FAO; 134 pp.
   Google Scholar
• FAO. 2021. GFCM 2030 Strategy for sustainable fisheries and aquaculture in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. Rome. doi:10.4060/cb7562en.
   Google Scholar
• Gaspar MB, Castro M, Monteiro CC. 1999. Effect of tooth spacing and mesh size on the catch of the Portuguese clam and razor clam dredge. ICES Journal of Marine Science. 56(1):103–110. doi:10.1006/jmsc.1998.0423.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaspar MB, Chicharo LM. 2007. Modifying dredges to reduce by-catch and impacts on the benthos. In: Kennelly S.J., editor. By-catch reduction in the world’s fisheries. Springer; p. 95–140. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6078-6_5.
   Google Scholar
• Gaspar MB, Dias MD, Campos A, Monteiro CC, Santos MN, Chicharo A, Chicharo L. 2001. The influence of dredge design on the catch of Callista chione (Linnaeus, 1758). Hydrobiologia. 465:153–167. doi:10.1023/A:1014587212528.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaspar MB, Leitão F, Santos MN, Chicharo L, Dias MD, Chicharo A, Monteiro CC. 2003. A comparison of direct macrofaunal mortality using three types of clam dredges. ICES Journal of Marine Science. 60(4):733–742. doi:10.1016/S1054-3139(03)00023-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaspar MB, Leitão F, Santos MN, Sobral M, Chícharo L, Chícharo A, Monteiro CC. 2002. Influence of mesh size and tooth spacing on the proportion of damaged organisms in the catches of the Portuguese clam dredge fishery. ICES Journal of Marine Science. 59:1228–1236. doi:10.1006/jmsc.2002.1310.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• [GFCM] General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean. 2020. BlackSea4Fish Project 2018–2019: activities and achievements.
   Google Scholar
• Gilman E, Perez Roda A, Huntington T, Kennelly SJ, Suuronen P, Chaloupka M, Medley PAH. 2020. Benchmarking global fisheries discards. Scientific Reports. 10:14017. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-71021-x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IUCN. 2016. The IUCN Red List of Seahorses and Pipefishes in the Mediterranean Sea: International Union for Conservation Nature-Mediterranean Assessment. https://www.iucn-seahorse.org/s/iucn-red-list-of-seahorses-and-pipefishes-in-the-mediterranean-sea_2017.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Janssen R, Knudsen S, Todorova V, Hoşgör AG. 2014. Managing Rapana in the Black Sea: stakeholder workshops on both sides. Ocean & Coastal Management. 87:75–87. doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2013.10.015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaiser MJ, Spencer BE. 1995. Survival of by-catch from a beam trawl. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 126(1–3):31–38. doi:10.3354/meps126031
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelleher K. 2005. Discards in the world’s marine fisheries. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No 470. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO); 131 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Kideys AE, Karayucel S, Bat L, Sahin F, Erik G, Erdem E, Aksu H. 2007. A new method for the invasive whelk (Rapana venosa) fishery in the Black Sea. Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Medit. 38.
   Google Scholar
• Konsulova T, Todorova V, Konsulov A. 2001. Investigations on the effect of ecological method for protection against illegal bottom trawling in the Black Sea –Preliminary results. Rapports de la Commission Internationale pour l’Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Méditerranée 36, 287 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Leitão F, Gaspar MB, Santos MN, Monteiro CC. 2009. A comparison of bycatch and discard mortality in three types of dredge used in the Portuguese Spisula solida (solid surf clam) fishery. Aquatic Living Resources. 22(1):1–10. doi:10.1051/alr/2009001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muiño R, Fernández L, González-Gurriarán E, Freire J, Vilar JA. 1999. Size at maturity of Liocarcinus depurator (Brachyura: Portunidae): a reproductive and morphometric study. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 79(02):295–303. doi:10.1017/S0025315498000320.
   Google Scholar
• Oksanen J, Blanchet FG, Friendly M, Kindt R, Legendre P, McGlinn D, Minchin PR, O’Hara RB, Simpson GL, Solymos P, et al. 2020. Vegan: Community Ecology. Package. R package version 2.5-7.
   Google Scholar
• Pranovi F, Raicevich S, Franceschini G, Torricelli P, Giovanardi O. 2001. Discard analysis and damage to non-target species in the “rapido” trawl fishery. Marine Biology. 139:863–875. doi:10.1007/s002270100646.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R Core Team. 2021. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.Rproject.org/.
   Google Scholar
• Robertson JHB, Stewart PAM. 1988. A comparison of size selection of haddock and whiting by square and diamond mesh codends. ICES Journal of Marine Science. 44(2):148–161. doi:10.1093/icesjms/44.2.148.
   Google Scholar
• Sağlam H, Düzgüneş E, Kutlu S, Dağtekin M, Başçınar S, Selen H, Şahin A. 2008. Deniz Salyangozu Avcılığında Direçe Alternatif Farklı Tuzak Modellerinin Geliştirilmesi. Su Ürünleri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü, Trabzon, 90 pp. Turkish.
   Google Scholar
• Sağlam H, Düzgüneş E, Öğüt H. 2009. Reproductive ecology of the invasive whelk Rapana venosa Valenciennes, 1846, in the southeastern Black Sea (Gastropoda: Muricidae). ICES Journal of Marine Science. 66(9):1865–1867. doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsp184.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Şahin C, Düzgüneş E, Okumuş İ. 2006. Seasonal variations in condition index and gonadal development of the introduced blood cockle Anadara inaequivalvis (Bruguiere, 1789) in the southeastern Black Sea coast. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 6:155–163.
   Google Scholar
• [STECF] Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries. 2017. Black Sea assessments (p. 284). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, EUR 27517 EN, JRC.
   Google Scholar
• Tsagarakis K, Palialexis A, Vassilopoulou V. 2014. Mediterranean fishery discards: review of the existing knowledge. ICES Journal of Marine Science. 71(5):1219–1234. doi:10.1093/icesjms/fst074.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tudela S. 2004. Ecosystem effects of fishing in the Mediterranean: An analysis of the major threats of fishing gear and practices to biodiversity and marine habitats. Rome: FAO, GFCM Studies and Reviews, 74, 58 pp.
   Google Scholar
• TUIK. 2020. T.C. Türkiye Istatistik Kurumu. Turkish Statistical Institute. https://www.tuik.gov.tr/.
   Google Scholar
• [UNGA] United Nations General Assembly. 2015. Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development. New York: United Nations General Assembly. United Nations General Assembly Resolution A/RES/70/1.
   Google Scholar
• Urra J, García T, Gallardo-Roldán H, León E, Lozano M, Baro J, Rueda JL. 2017. Discard analysis and damage assessment in the wedge clam mechanized dredging fisheries of the northern Alboran Sea (W Mediterranean Sea). Fisheries Research. 187:58–67. doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2016.10.018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vasconcelos P, Morgado-André A, Morgado-André C, Gaspar MB. 2011. Shell strength and fishing damage to the smooth clam (Callista chione): simulating impacts caused by bivalve dredging. ICES Journal of Marine Science. 68(1):32–42. doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsq149.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wardle CS. 1993. Fish behaviour and fishing gears. In: Pitcher TJ, editor. The behaviour of teleost fishes. 2nd ed. London: Croom Helm; p. 463–495.
   Google Scholar
• Yankova MH, Pavlov D, Ivanova P, Karpova E, Boltachev A, Öztürk B, Bat L, Oral M, Mgeladze M. 2014. Marine fishes in the Black Sea: recent conservation status. Mediterranean Marine Science. 15(2):366–379. doi:10.12681/mms.700.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zengin M, Akyol O. 2009. Description of by-catch species from the coastal shrimp beam trawl fishery in Turkey. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 25(2):211–214. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01218.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar