Comparison of anthropometric characteristics and sprint start performance between elite adolescent and adult sprint athletes

References

• Beneke , R. , Hütler , M. and Leithäuser , R. M. 2007 . Anaerobic performance and metabolism in boys and male adolescents . European Journal of Applied Physiology , 101 : 671 – 677 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bret , C. , Rahmani , A. , Dufour , A. B. , Messonnier , L. and Lacour , J. R. 2002 . Leg strength and stiffness as ability factors in 100 m sprint running . Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness , 42 : 274 – 281 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carter , J. E. L. 1984 . Somatotypes of Olympic athletes from 1948 to 1976 . Medicine and Sport Science , 18 : 80 – 109 .
   Google Scholar
• Chelly , S. M. and Denis , C. 2001 . Leg power and hopping stiffness: Relationship with sprint running performance . Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise , 33 : 326 – 333 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Čoh , M. , Jošt , B. , Škof , B. , Tomažin , K. and Dolenec , A. 1998 . Kinematic and kinetic parameters of the sprint start and start acceleration model of top sprinters . Acta Universitatis Palackianae Olomucensis Gymnica , 28 : 33 – 42 .
   Google Scholar
• Duquet , W. and Carter , J. E. L. 2009 . “ Somatotyping ” . In Kinanthropometry and exercise physiology laboratory manual: Tests, procedures and data: Anthropometry , 3rd edn. , Edited by: Eston , R. and Reilly , T. 54 – 72 . Abingdon , , UK : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Fleck , S. J. 1983 . Body composition of elite American athletes . American Journal of Sports Medicine , 11 : 398 – 403 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gualdi-Russo , E. and Graziani , I. 1993 . Anthropometric somatotype of Italian sport participants . Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness , 33 : 282 – 291 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harland , M. J. and Steele , J. R. 1997 . Biomechanics of the sprint start . Sports Medicine , 23 : 11 – 20 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffman , K. 1971 . Stature, leg length and stride frequency . Track Technique , 46 : 1436 – 1439 .
   Google Scholar
• Hollings , S. C. and Robson , G. J. 1991 . Body build and performance characteristics of male adolescent track and field athletes . Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness , 31 : 178 – 182 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• International Association of Athletics Federations 2010 . Competition rules 2010–2011 . Available online at: http://www.iaaf.org/mm/Document/Competitions/TechnicalArea/05/47/81/20091027115916_httppostedfile_CompRules2010_web_26Oct09_17166.pdf (accessed 20 May 2010).
   Google Scholar
• Marfell-Jones , M. , Olds , T. , Stewart , A. and Carter , L. 2006 . International standards for anthropometric assessment , Potchefstroom , , South Africa : ISAK .
   Google Scholar
• Meckel , Y. , Atterbom , H. , Grodjinovsky , A. , Ben-Sira , D. and Rotstein , A. 1995 . Physiological characteristics of female 100 meter sprinters of different performance levels . Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness , 35 : 169 – 175 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mero , A. 1988 . Force–time characteristics and running velocity of male sprinters during the acceleration phase of sprinting . Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport , 59 : 94 – 98 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mero , A. , Komi , P. V. and Gregor , R. J. 1992 . Biomechanics of sprint running – a review . Sports Medicine , 13 : 376 – 392 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norgan , N. G. 2005 . Laboratory and field measurements of body composition . Public Health Nutrition , 8 ( 7A ) : 1108 – 1122 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norton , K. and Olds , T. 2001 . Morphological evolution of athletes over the 20th century . Sports Medicine , 31 : 763 – 783 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pinyerd , B. and Zipf , W. B. 2005 . Puberty – timing is everything! . Journal of Pediatric Nursing , 20 ( 2 ) : 75 – 82 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Poortmans , J. R. , Boisseau , N. , Moraine , J. , Moreno-Reyes , R. and Goldman , S. 2005 . Estimation of total-body skeletal muscle mass in children and adolescents . Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise , 37 : 316 – 322 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ranković , G. , Radanović , D. and Ranković , B. 2007 . Comparison of anaerobic mean and peak power outputs in preadolescent boys and adult males . Facta Universitatis Series: Medicine and Biology , 14 : 38 – 42 .
   Google Scholar
• Ratel , S. , Lazaar , N. , Williams , C. A. , Bedu , M. and Duché , P. 2003 . Age differences in human skeletal muscle fatigue during high-intensity intermittent exercise . Acta Paediatrica , 92 : 1248 – 1254 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siri , W. E. 1961 . Techniques for measuring body composition , Washington , DC : National Academy Press .
   Google Scholar
• Uth , N. 2005 . Anthropometric comparison of world-class sprinter and normal populations . Journal of Sports Science and Medicine , 4 : 608 – 616 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Praagh , E. and Doré , E. 2002 . Short-term muscle power during growth and maturation . Sports Medicine , 32 : 701 – 728 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weyand , P. G. and Davis , J. A. 2005 . Running performance has a structural basis . Journal of Experimental Biology , 208 : 2625 – 2631 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar