Multiple context mere exposure: Examining the limits of liking

REFERENCES

• Baker, W. E. (1999). When can affective conditioning and mere exposure directly influence brand choice? Journal of Advertising, 28, 31–46. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/4189123 doi: 10.1080/00913367.1999.10673594
   Google Scholar
• Bornstein, R. F. (1989). Exposure and affect: Overview and meta-analysis of research, 1968–1987. Psychological Bulletin, 106, 265–289. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.106.2.265
   Google Scholar
• Bornstein, R. F., & D'Agostino, P. R. (1994). The attribution and discounting of perceptual fluency: Preliminary tests of a perceptual fluency/attributional model of the mere exposure effect. Social Cognition, 12, 103–128. doi: 10.1521/soco.1994.12.2.103
   Google Scholar
• Bouton, M. E., García-Gutiérrez, A., Zilski, J., & Moody, E. W. (2006). Extinction in multiple contexts does not necessarily make extinction less vulnerable to relapse. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 983–994. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2005.07.007
   Google Scholar
• Bouton, M. E., & Ricker, S. T. (1994). Renewal of extinguished responding in a second context. Animal Learning & Behavior, 22, 317–324. doi: 10.3758/BF03209840
   Google Scholar
• de Zilva, D., Mitchell, C. J., & Newell, B. R. (2013). Eliminating the mere exposure effect through changes in context between exposure and test. Cognition & Emotion, 27, 1345–1358. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2013.775110
   Google Scholar
• de Zilva, D., Vu, L., Newell, B. R., & Pearson, J. (2013). Exposure is not enough: Suppressing stimuli from awareness can abolish the mere exposure effect. PLoS ONE, 8(10), e77726. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077726
   Google Scholar
• Dulany, D. E., Carlson, R. A., & Dewey, G. I. (1984). A case of syntactical learning and judgment: How conscious and how abstract? Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 113, 541–555. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.113.4.541
   Google Scholar
• Gaver, W. W., & Mandler, G. (1987). Play it again, Sam: On liking music. Cognition & Emotion, 1, 259–282. doi: 10.1080/02699938708408051
   Google Scholar
• Gordon, P. C., & Holyoak, K. J. (1983). Implicit learning and generalization of the “mere exposure” effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 492–500. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.45.3.492
   Google Scholar
• Gruppuso, V., Lindsay, S., & Masson, M. E. J. (2007). I'd know that face anywhere! Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14, 1085–1089. Retrieved from http://www.springer.com/psychology/cognitive+psychology/journal/13423
   Google Scholar
• Halberstadt, J., & Rhodes, G. (2000). The attractiveness of nonface averages: Implications for an evolutionary explanation of the attractiveness of average faces. Psychological Science, 11, 285–289. doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00257
   Google Scholar
• Hermans, D., Craske, M. G., Mineka, S., & Lovibond, P. F. (2006). Extinction in human fear conditioning. Biological Psychiatry, 60, 361–368. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.10.006
   Google Scholar
• Hill, W. F. (1978). Effects of mere exposure on preferences in nonhuman mammals. Psychological Bulletin, 85, 1177–1198. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.85.6.1177
   Google Scholar
• Jacoby, L. L., & Dallas, M. (1981). On the relationship between autobiographical memory and perceptual learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 110, 306–340. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.110.3.306
   Google Scholar
• Langlois, J. H., & Roggman, L. A. (1990). Attractive faces are only average. Psychological Science, 1, 115–121. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1990.tb00079.x
   Google Scholar
• Langner, O., Dotsch, R., Bijlstra, G., Wigboldus, D. H. J., Hawk, S. T., & van Knippenberg, A. (2010). Presentation and validation of the Radboud Faces Database. Cognition & Emotion, 24, 1377–1388. doi: 10.1080/02699930903485076
   Google Scholar
• Lovibond, P. F., Preston, G. C., & Mackintosh, N. J. (1984). Context specificity of conditioning, extinction, and latent inhibition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 10, 360–375. doi: 10.1037//0097-7403.10.3.360
   Google Scholar
• Mandler, G. (1984). Mind and body. New York: W.W. Norton.
   Google Scholar
• Mandler, G., Nakamura, Y., & Van Zandt, B. J. (1987). Nonspecific effects of exposure on stimuli that cannot be recognized. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 13, 646–648. doi: 10.1037/0278-7393.13.4.646
   Google Scholar
• Murnane, K., & Phelps, M. P. (1994). When does a different environmental context make a difference in recognition? A global activation model. Memory & Cognition, 22, 584–590. doi:10.3758/BF03198397
   Google Scholar
• Neumann, D. L., Lipp, O. V., & Cory, S. E. (2007). Conducting extinction in multiple contexts does not necessarily attenuate the renewal of shock expectancy in a fear-conditioning procedure with humans. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45, 385–394. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2006.02.001
   Google Scholar
• Newell, B. R. & Bright, J. E. H. (2001). The relationship between the structural mere exposure effect and the implicit learning process. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 54, 1087–1104. doi: 10.1080/02724980042000525
   Google Scholar
• Newell, B. R., & Shanks, D. R. (2007). Recognising what you like: Examining the relation between the mere-exposure effect and recognition. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 19, 103–118. doi:10.1080/09541440500487454
   Google Scholar
• Rastle, K., Harrington, J., & Coltheart, M. (2002). 358,534 nonwords: The ARC Nonword Database. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 55, 1339–1362. doi: 10.1080/02724980244000099
   Google Scholar
• Reber, R., Schwarz, N., & Winkielman, P. (2004). Processing fluency and aesthetic pleasure: Is beauty in the perceiver's processing experience? Personality and Social Psychology Review, 8, 364–382. doi: 10.1207/s15327957pspr0804_3
   Google Scholar
• Rodriguez, B. I., Craske, M. G., Mineka, S., & Hladek, D. (1999). Context-specificity of relapse: Effects of therapist and environmental context on return of fear. Behaviour Research & Therapy, 37, 845–862. doi: 10.1016/S0005-7967(98)00106-5
   Google Scholar
• Siegel, P., & Weingerger, J. (2012). Less is more: The effects of very brief versus clearly visible exposure. Emotion, 12, 394–402. doi:10.1037/a0026806
   Google Scholar
• Smith, S. M., Glenberg, A., & Bjork, R. A. (1978). Environmental context and human memory. Memory & Cognition, 6, 342–353. Retrieved from http://www.springer.com/psychology/cognitive+psychology/journal/13421 doi: 10.3758/BF03197465
   Google Scholar
• Stafford, T., & Grimes, A. (2012). Memory enhances the mere exposure effect. Psychology and Marketing, 29, 995–1003. doi: 0.1002/mar.20581
   Google Scholar
• Stuart, E. W., Shimp, T. A., & Engle, R. W. (1987). Classical conditioning of consumer attitudes: Four experiments in an advertising context. Journal of Consumer Research, 14, 334–349. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2489495 doi: 10.1086/209117
   Google Scholar
• Tulving, E., & Thomson, D. M. (1973). Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory. Psychological Review, 80, 352–373. doi:10.1037/h0020071
   Google Scholar
• Unkelbach, C. (2007). Reversing the truth effect: Learning the interpretation of processing fluency in judgments of truth. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 33, 219–230. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.33.1.219
   Google Scholar
• Whittlesea, B. W. A. (1993). Illusions of familiarity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 19, 1235–1253. doi: 10.1037/0278-7393.19.6.1235
   Google Scholar
• Whittlesea, B. W. A., & Williams, L. D. (2001). The discrepancy-attribution hypothesis: II. Expectation, uncertainty, surprise, and feelings of familiarity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 27, 14–33. doi: 10.1037/0278-7393.27.1.14
   Google Scholar
• Winkielman, P., Halberstadt, J., Fazendeiro, T., & Catty, S. (2006). Prototypes are attractive because they are easy on the mind. Psychological Science, 17, 799–806. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01785.x
   Google Scholar
• Winkielman, P., Huber, D. E., Kavanagh, L., & Schwarz, N. (2012). Fluency of consistency: When thoughts fit nicely and flow smoothly. In B. Gawronski & F. Strack (Eds.), Cognitive consistency: A fundamental principle in social cognition (pp. 89–111). New York: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Zajonc, R. B. (1968). Attitudinal effects of mere exposure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 9, 1–27. doi: 10.1037/h0025848
   Google Scholar