Cultural immersion alters emotion perception: Neurophysiological evidence from Chinese immigrants to Canada

References

• Athanasopoulos, P. (2007). Interaction between grammatical categories and cognition in bilinguals: The role of proficiency, cultural immersion, and language of instruction. Language and Cognitive Processes, 22(5), 689–699. doi:10.1080/01690960601049347
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Athanasopoulos, P. (2009). Cognitive representation of colour in bilinguals: The case of Greek blues. Bilingualism, 12(1), 83–95. doi:10.1017/S136672890800388X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Athanasopoulos, P., Dering, B., Wiggett, A., Kuipers, J.-R., & Thierry, G. (2010). Perceptual shift in bilingualism: Brain potentials reveal plasticity in pre-attentive colour perception. Cognition, 116(3), 437–443. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2010.05.016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banse, R., & Scherer, K. R. (1996). Acoustic profiles in vocal emotion expression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(3), 614–636. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.70.3.614
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barry, D. T. (2001). Development of a new scale for measuring acculturation: The East Asian Acculturation Measure (EAAM). Journal of Immigrant Health, 3, 193–197. doi:10.1023/A:1012227611547
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Beaupre, M. G., & Hess, U. (2005). Cross-cultural emotion recognition among Canadian ethnic groups. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 36(3), 355–370. doi:10.1177/0022022104273656
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berry, J. W. (1990). Psychology of acculturation In J. Berman (Ed.), Cross-cultural perspectives: Nebraska Symposium on Motivation (pp. 201–234). Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bilbow, G. T. (1997). Spoken discourse in the multicultural workplace in Hong Kong: Applying a model of discourse as ‘impression management’. In F. Bargiela-Chiappini & S. Harris (Eds.), The languages of business: An international perspective (pp. 21–48). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Carbone, V. J., O’Brien, L., Sweeney-Kerwin, E. J., & Albert, K. M. (2013). Teaching eye contact to children with autism: A conceptual analysis and single case study. Education and Treatment of Children, 36(2), 139–159. doi:10.1353/etc.2013.0013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chung, R. H., Kim, B. S. K., & Abreu, J. M. (2004). Asian American multidimensional acculturation scale: Development, factor analysis, reliability, and validity. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 10, 66–80. doi:10.1037/1099-9809.10.1.66
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Dallaire, C. W., & Schreibman, L. (2003). Joint attention training for children with autism using behavior modification procedures. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 44(3), 456–468. doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00135
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damjanovic, L., Athanasopoulos, P., Krajciova, A., Kasai, C., & Roberson, D. (2013). Searching for happiness and defining emotional space: Evidence from biculturalism. Paper presented at the International Society for Research on Emotion, Berkeley, CA.
   Google Scholar
• Dawson, G., Jones, E. J. H., Merkle, K., Venema, K., Lowy, R., Faja, S., … Webb, S. J. (2012). Early behavioral intervention is associated with normalized brain activity in young children with autism. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 51(11), 1150–1159. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2012.08.018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Gelder, B., Bocker, K. B. E., Tuomainen, J., Hensen, M., & Vroomen, J. (1999). The combined perception of emotion from voice and face: Early interaction revealed by human electric brain responses. Neuroscience Letters, 260(2), 133–136. doi:10.1016/S0304-3940(98)00963-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delorme, A., & Makeig, S. (2004). EEGLAB: An open source toolbox for analysis of single-trial EEG dynamics including independent component analysis. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 134(1), 9–21. doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2003.10.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Derntl, B., Habel, U., Robinson, S., Windischberger, C., Kryspin-Exner, I., Gur, R., & Moser, E. (2009). Amygdala activation during recognition of emotions in a foreign ethnic group is associated with duration of stay. Social Neuroscience, 4(4), 294–307. doi:10.1080/17470910802571633
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Derntl, B., Habel, U., Robinson, S., Windischberger, C., Kryspin-Exner, I., Gur, R. C., & Moser, E. (2012). Culture but not gender modulates amygdala activation during explicit emotion recognition. BMC Neuroscience, 13(1), 13–54. doi:10.1186/1471-2202-13-54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekman, P. (1971). Universals and cultural differences in facial expressions of emotion. In J. Cole (Ed.), Nebraska symposium on motivation (pp. 207–282). Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.
   Google Scholar
• Elfenbein, H. A. (2013). Nonverbal dialects and accents in facial expressions of emotion. Emotion Review, 5(1), 90–96. doi:10.1177/1754073912451332
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elfenbein, H. A., & Ambady, N. (2003). When familiarity breeds accuracy: Cultural exposure and facial emotion recognition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 276–290. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.276
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engelmann, J. B., & Pogosyan, M. (2013). Emotion perception across cultures: The role of cognitive mechanisms. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, 118. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Froyen, D., Van Atteveldt, N., & Blomert, L. (2010). Exploring the role of low level visual processing in letter–speech sound integration: A visual MMN study. Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 4, 9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Goto, S. G., Yee, A., Lowenberg, K., & Lewis, R. S. (2013). Cultural differences in sensitivity to social context: Detecting affective incongruity using the N400. Social Neuroscience, 8(1), 63–74. doi:10.1080/17470919.2012.739202
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Handy, T. C. (2004). Event-related potentials: A methods handbook. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hawrysh, B. M., & Zaichkowsky, J. L. (1991). Cultural approaches to negotiations: Understanding the Japanese. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 3(1), 40–54. doi:10.1108/eb010222
   Google Scholar
• Hemphill, J. F. (2003). Interpreting the magnitudes of correlation coefficients. American Psychologist, 58(1), 78–79. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.58.1.78
   Google Scholar
• Holtmaat, A., & Svoboda, K. (2009). Experience-dependent structural synaptic plasticity in the mammalian brain. Nat Rev Neurosci, 10(9), 647–658. doi:10.1038/nrn2699
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishii, K., Kobayashi, Y., & Kitayama, S. (2010). Interdependence modulates the brain response to word-voice incongruity. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 5(2–3), 307–317. doi:10.1093/scan/nsp044
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishii, K., Reyes, J. A., & Kitayama, S. (2003). Spontaneous attention to word content versus emotional tone: Differences among three cultures. Psychological Science, 14(1), 39–46. doi:10.1111/1467-9280.01416
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly, D. J., Jack, R. E., Miellet, S., De Luca, E., Foreman, K., & Caldara, R. (2011). Social experience does not abolish cultural diversity in eye movements. Frontiers in Psychology, 2(95). doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00095
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitayama, S., Duffy, S., Kawamura, T., & Larsen, J. T. (2003). Perceiving an object and its context in different cultures: A cultural look at new look. Psychological Science, 14(3), 201–206. doi:10.1111/1467-9280.02432
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitayama, S., & Ishii, K. (2002). Word and voice: Spontaneous attention to emotional utterances in two languages. Cognitiion and Emotion, 16(1), 29–59. doi:10.1080/0269993943000121
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kleim, J. A., & Jones, T. A. (2008). Principles of experience-dependent neural plasticity: Implications for rehabilitation after brain damage. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 51(1), S225–S239. doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2008/018)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kutas, M., & Federmeier, K. D. (2011). Thirty years and counting: Finding meaning in the N400 component of the Event-Related Brain Potential (ERP). Annual Review of Psychology, 62, 621–647. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.131123
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kutas, M., & Van Petten, C. (1994). Psycholinguistics electrified: Event-related brain potential investigations. In M. A. Gernsbacher (Ed.), Handbook of psycholinguistics (pp. 83–143). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Li, P., Legault, J., & Litcofsky, K. A. (2014). Neuroplasticity as a function of second language learning: Anatomical changes in the human brain. Cortex, 58, 301–324. doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2014.05.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, P., & Pell, M. D. (2012). Recognizing vocal emotions in Mandarin Chinese: A validated database of Chinese vocal emotional stimuli. Behavior Research Methods, 44(4), 1042–1051. doi:10.3758/s13428-012-0203-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, P., Rigoulot, S., & Pell, M. D. (2015a). Culture modulates the brain response to human expressions of emotion: Electrophysiological evidence. Neuropsychologia, 67(1), 1–13. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.11.034
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, P., Rigoulot, S., & Pell, M. D. (2015b). Cultural differences in on-line sensitivity to emotional voices: Comparing East and West. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 9. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00311
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lövdén, M., Wenger, E., Mårtensson, J., Lindenberger, U., & Bäckman, L. (2013). Structural brain plasticity in adult learning and development. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 37(9), 2296–2310. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.02.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu, L., & Gilmour, R. (2004). Culture and conceptions of happiness: Individual oriented and social oriented swb. Journal of Happiness Studies, 5(3), 269–291. doi:10.1007/s10902-004-8789-5
   Google Scholar
• Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98(2), 224–253. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.98.2.224
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsumoto, D., Takeuchi, S., Andayani, S., Kouznetsova, N., & Krupp, D. (1998). The contribution of individualism vs. collectivism to cross-national differences in display rules. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 1(2), 147–165. doi:10.1111/ajsp.1998.1.issue-2
   Google Scholar
• May, A. (2011). Experience-dependent structural plasticity in the adult human brain. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 15(10), 475–482. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2011.08.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCarthy, A., Lee, K., Itakura, S., & Muir, D. W. (2006). Cultural display rules drive eye gaze during thinking. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 37(6), 717–722. doi:10.1177/0022022106292079
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCarthy, A., Lee, K., Itakura, S., & Muir, D. W. (2008). Gaze display when thinking depends on culture and context. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 39(6), 716–729. doi:10.1177/0022022108323807
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGloin, N. H. (1984). Some politeness strategies in Japanese. In S. Miyagawa & C. Kitagawa (Eds.), Studies in Japanese language use (pp. 127–145). Edmonton, Canada: Linguistic Research.
   Google Scholar
• Oishi, S., Graham, J., Kesebir, S., & Galinha, I. C. (2013). Concepts of happiness across time and cultures. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 39(5), 559–577. doi:10.1177/0146167213480042
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, D. C., & Huang, C.-M. (2010). Culture wires the brain: A cognitive neuroscience perspective. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5(4), 391–400. doi:10.1177/1745691610374591
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pell, M. D., Paulmann, S., Dara, C., Alasseri, A., & Kotz, S. A. (2009). Factors in the recognition of vocally expressed emotions: A comparison of four languages. Journal of Phonetics, 37(4), 417–435. doi:10.1016/j.wocn.2009.07.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rigoulot, S., Wassiliwizky, E., & Pell, M. D. (2013). Feeling backwards? How temporal order in speech affects the time course of vocal emotion recognition. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, 367. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00367
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schirmer, A., & Kotz, S. A. (2003). ERP evidence for a sex-specific stroop effect in emotional speech. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 15(8), 1135–1148. doi:10.1162/089892903322598102
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanaka, A., Koizumi, A., Imai, H., Hiramatsu, S., Hiramoto, E., & De Gelder, B. (2010). I feel your voice: Cultural differences in the multisensory perception of emotion. Psychological Science, 21(9), 1259–1262. doi:10.1177/0956797610380698
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanaka, J. W., & Pierce, L. J. (2009). The neural plasticity of other-race face recognition. Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience, 9(1), 122–131. doi:10.3758/CABN.9.1.122
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thierry, G., Athanasopoulos, P., Wiggett, A., Dering, B., & Kuipers, J.-R. (2009). Unconscious effects of language-specific terminology on preattentive color perception. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106(11), 4567–4570. doi:10.1073/pnas.0811155106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas, C., & Baker, C. I. (2013). Teaching an adult brain new tricks: A critical review of evidence for training-dependent structural plasticity in humans. NeuroImage, 73(0), 225–236. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.03.069
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uchida, Y., Norasakkunkit, V., & Kitayama, S. (2004). Cultural constructions of happiness: Theory and emprical evidence. Journal of Happiness Studies, 5(3), 223–239. doi:10.1007/s10902-004-8785-9
   Google Scholar
• Voos, A. C., Pelphrey, K. A., Tirrell, J., Bolling, D. Z., Wyk, B. V., Kaiser, M. D., … Ventola, P. (2013). Neural mechanisms of improvements in social motivation after pivotal response treatment: Two case studies. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43(1), 1–10. doi:10.1007/s10803-012-1683-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zatorre, R. J., Fields, R. D., & Johansen-Berg, H. (2012). Plasticity in gray and white: Neuroimaging changes in brain structure during learning. Nat Neurosci, 15(4), 528–536. doi:10.1038/nn.3045
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, L., & Li, J. (2006). Visual mismatch negativity elicited by facial expressions under non-attentional condition. Neuroscience Letters, 410(2), 126–131. doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2006.09.081
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar