Effects of Intercultural Sensitivity and Critical Thinking Trainings on Teachers’ Professional Development

References

• Al Fadda, H. (2019). The relationship between self-regulations and online learning in an ESL blended learning context. English Language Teaching, 12(6), 87–93. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v12n6p87
   Google Scholar
• Alivandi Vafa, M. (2005). On investigating the relationship between critical thinking and Tabriz University students’ critical achievement. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Al-Zahra University,
   Google Scholar
• Ary, D., Jacobs, L. C., Sorensen, C. K., & Walker, D. (2019). Introduction to research in education (10th Ed). Wasworth Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Ashraf, H., Garmabi, H., & Bakhtiari Fayendari, M. (2017). Do Critical Thinking Skills Lead to Success in Language Teaching? A Case of Iranian EFL Teachers Based on Their Gender and Degree of Education. The Journal of English Language Pedagogy and Practice, 10(20), 17–28. https://journals.iau.ir/article_532466_5186098710b6c1fefc6453fa08fd73d8.pdfAshraf
   Google Scholar
• Astleitner, H. (2007). Teaching critical thinking online. Journal of Instructional Psychology, 29(2), 53–76. http://www.u.arizona.edu/~rgolden/teachingCriticalThinking.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Barjesteh, H., & Vaseghi, R. (2012). Acculturation model for L2 acquisition: Review and evaluation. Advances in Asian Social Science, 2(4), 579–584. file:///C:/Users/UP-09185003530/Downloads/675-1808-1-PB.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Bennett, M. J. (1993). Towards ethnorelativism: A developmental model of intercultural sensitivity. In R. M. Paige (Ed.), Education for the intercultural experience (Vol. 624317716, pp. 21–71). Intercultural Press. OCLC.
   Google Scholar
• Bennett, M. J. (1997). How not to be a fluent fool: Understanding the cultural dimensions of language. In A. E. Fantini & J. C. Richards (Eds.), New ways in teaching culture. New ways in TESOL series II: Innovative classroom techniques (pp. 16–21). TESOL.
   Google Scholar
• Bennett, M. J. (1998). Intercultural communication: A current perspective. In M. Bennett Ed., Basic concepts of intercultural communication. Downloads/Intercultural_Communication_A_Current_Perspective.pdf (pp. 1–34). Intercultural Press, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Bennett, M. J. (2010). Creating an interculturally competent campus to educate global citizens. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the Universidad 2010 7th International Congress on Higher Education, The University for a Better World, Havana, Cuba. https://www.idrinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/creating_ic_campus.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Bennett, M. J. (2013). Basic concepts of intercultural communication: Paradigms, principles, and practices. Hachette.
   Google Scholar
• Bennett, M. (2017). Development model of intercultural sensitivity. In Y. Kim (Ed.), International encyclopedia of intercultural communication. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118783665.ieicc0182
   Google Scholar
• Bessick, S. C. (2008). Improved critical thinking skills as a result of direct instruction and their relationship to academic achievement. Unpublished PhD dissertation, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, US.
   Google Scholar
• Birjandi, P., & Bagherkazemi, M. (2010). The relationship between Iranian EFL teachers’ critical thinking ability and their professional success. English Language Teaching, 3(2), 135–145. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v3n2p135
   Google Scholar
• Brookfield, S. (2012). Teaching for critical thinking: tools and techniques to help students question their assumptions. Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Byram, M. (1997). Teaching and assessing intercultural communicative competence. ISBN: 185359377X. Multilingual Matters.
   Google Scholar
• Byram, M., Holmes, P., & Savvides, N. (2013). Intercultural communicative competence in foreign language education: Questions of theory, practice, and research. The Language Learning Journal, 41(3), 251–253. https://doi.org/10.1080/09571736.2013.836343
   Google Scholar
• Canagarajah, S. (2016). TESOL as a professional community: A half-century of pedagogy, research, and theory. TESOL Quarterly, 50(1), 7–41. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.275
   Google Scholar
• Chen, G. M., & Starosta, W. J. (2000). The development and validation of the intercultural communication sensitivity scale. Human Communication, 5(3), 1–15.
   Google Scholar
• Cottrell, S. (2015). Critical thinking skills: Developing effective analysis and argument (2nd ed.). Palgrave Macmillan Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (4^th ed.). Pearson.
   Google Scholar
• Creswell, J. W., & Clark, V. L. P. (2017). Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Sage publications.
   Google Scholar
• Elizabeth, C. L., May, C. M., & Chee, P. K. (2008). Building a model to define the concept of teacher success in Hong Kong. Teaching and Teacher Education, 24(3), 623–634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2007.09.007
   Google Scholar
• Farrell, T. S. C. (2019). Reflection-as-action in ELT. TESOL International publications.
   Google Scholar
• Fritz, W., Möllenberg, A., & Chen, G. M. (2002). Measuring intercultural sensitivity. in different cultural contexts. Intercultural Communication Studies. 11 (2), 165–176. https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/com_facpubs
   Google Scholar
• Galvin, R. (2015). How many interviews are enough? Do qualitative interviews in building energy consumption research produce reliable knowledge? Journal of Building Engineering, 1(1), 2–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2014.12.001
   Google Scholar
• Gay, G., & Kirkland, K. (2003). Developing critical consciousness and self-reflection in pre-service teacher education. Theory into Practice, 42(3), 181–187. https://doi.org/10.1353/tip.2003.0029
   Google Scholar
• Ghaemi, H., & Taherian, R. (2011). The role of critical thinking in EFL teachers’ teaching success. Modern Journal of Applied Linguistics, 3, 8–22.
   Google Scholar
• Ghasemi Mighani, M., & Yazdani Moghadam, M. (2019). Building intercultural sensitivity in pre-service EFL teachers through interactive culture-focused speaking tasks. International Journal of Society, Culture & Language, 7(2), 28–39. http://www.ijscl.net/article_36684_67f7ad00c17577da2ff1411d38a5c4b1.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Green, K., & Jax, C. (2011). Problem solvers are better leaders: Facilitating critical thinking among educators through online education. Procedia, Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 727–730. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.03.173
   Google Scholar
• Grosser, M. M., & Lombard, B. J. J. (2008). The relationship between culture and the development of critical thinking abilities of prospective teachers. Teaching and Teacher Education, 24, 1364–1375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2007.10.001
   Google Scholar
• Hammer, M. R., & Bennett, M. J. (2004). The intercultural developmental inventory (IDI) manual. Intercultural Communication Institute. OCLC.
   Google Scholar
• Hammer, M. R., Bennett, M. J., & Wiseman, R. (2003). Measuring intercultural sensitivity: The intercultural development inventoryMeasuring intercultural sensitivity: The intercultural development inventory. In R. M. Paige Ed., International Journal of Intercultural Relations (Vol. 27(4), pp. 421–443).
   Google Scholar
• Hashemi, M. (2008). On the role of teachers’ emotional intelligence on their pedagogical success. Allame Tabataba’I University.
   Google Scholar
• Hoesein, E. M. (2015). Using mobile technology and online support to improve language teacher professionalism. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 192, 491–497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.06.076
   Google Scholar
• Holliday, A. (2016). Revisiting intercultural competence: Small culture formation on the go through threads of experience. International Journal of Bias, Identity and Diversities in Education (IJBIDE), 1(2), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJBIDE.2016070101
   Google Scholar
• Houman, H. A. (2005). Statistical analysis in behavioral sciences. SAMT Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Ilyas, H. P. (2018). The quest for critical thinking framework in ELT. Celt: A Journal of Culture, English Language Teaching & Literature, 18(2), 310–332. https://doi.org/10.24167/celt.v18i2.685
   Google Scholar
• Johnston, B., Mitchell, R., Myles, F., & Ford, P. (2011). Developing student criticality in higher education: UNDERGRADUATE learning in the arts and social sciences. Routledge/Falmer.
   Google Scholar
• Kurfiss, J. G. (1988). Critical thinking: theory, research, practice, and possibilities. “ASHE-ERIC higher education report No.2” Association for the Study of Higher Education. Retrieved December 7, 2013 from http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED304041.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Kuzmanic, M. (2009). Validity in qualitative research: Interview and the appearance of truth through dialogue. Horizons of Psychology, 18(2), 39–50. http://psiholoska-obzorja.si/arhiv_clanki/2009_2/kuzmanic.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Lantolf, J., & Thorne, S. (2007). Sociocultural theory and second language learning. In B. van Pattern & J. Williams (Eds.), Theories in Second Language Acquisition (ch11_8041_vanPatten_LEA ed., pp. 201–224). Lawrence Earlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Moafian, F., & Pishghadam, R. (2009). Construct validation of a questionnaire on characteristics of successful Iranian EFL teachers. Research in Contemporary World Literature, 14(54), 127–142.
   Google Scholar
• Mostafaei Alaei, M., & Nosrati, F. (2018). Research into EFL teachers’ intercultural communicative competence and intercultural sensitivity. Journal of Intercultural Communication Research, 47(2), 73–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/17475759.2018.1424020
   Google Scholar
• Mulnix, J. W. (2010). Thinking critically about critical thinking. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 44(5), 464–479. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-5812.2010.00673.x
   Google Scholar
• Nikoopour, J., Amini Farsani, M., & Nasiri, M. (2011). On the relationship between critical thinking and language learning strategies among Iranian EFL learners. Journal of Technology & Education, 5(3), 195–200. https://journals.sru.ac.ir/article_283_1d45ec094b17734db337c045ad602f6b.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Olson, C. L., & Kroeger, K. R. (2001). Global competency and intercultural sensitivity. Journal of Studies Ininternational Education, 5(2), 116–137. https://doi.org/10.1177/102831530152003
   Google Scholar
• Paige, R. M. (1993). On the nature of intercultural experience and intercultural education. In R. M. Paige Ed., Education for the intercultural experience (pp. 1–20). Intercultural Press. ISBN-13978-1877864254.
   Google Scholar
• Pakmehr, H., Mirdouraghi, F., Ghanaei Chamnabad, A., & Karami, M. (2013). Reliability, validity, and structural equation modelling of Ricketts’s critical thinking tendency in the secondary schools. Educational Measurement, 11(4), 33–53. https://jem.atu.ac.ir/article_2678.html?lang=en
   Google Scholar
• Paul, R. (1993). Critical thinking: What, why, and how? New Directions for Community Colleges. Retrieved September 6, 2014, from www.criticalthinking.org/about/nationalCouncil.cfm
   Google Scholar
• Peng, S. Y. (2006). A comparative perspective of intercultural sensitivity between college students and multinational employees in China. Multicultural Perspectives, 8(3), 38–45. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327892mcp0803_7
   Google Scholar
• Pruegger, V. J., & Rogers, T. B. (1994). Cross-cultural sensitivity training: Methods and assessment. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 18(3), 369–387. https://doi.org/10.1016/0147-1767(94)90038-8
   Google Scholar
• Rahimi, A., & Soltani, A. (2011). Teachability of intercultural sensitivity from the perspective of ethnocentrism vs. ethnorelativism: An Iranian experience. Iranian Journal of Applied Linguistics (IJAL), 14(1), 113–139. https://ijal.khu.ac.ir/article-1-33-en.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Rahimi, A., Soltani, A., & Ghamarnia, M. (2020). Enhancing EFL teachers’ intercultural sensitivity through instruction, is it really feasible? An ethnocentrism versus ethnorelativism perspective. Contemporary Educational Researches Journal, 10(3), 88–96. https://doi.org/10.18844/cerj.v10i3.4782
   Google Scholar
• Richardson, V. (2003). Constructivist Pedagogy. Teachers College Records, 105(9), 1623–1640. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-9620.2003.00303.x
   Google Scholar
• Ricketts, J. C. (2003). The efficacy of leadership development, critical thinking dispositions, and student academic performance on the critical thinking skills of selected youth leaders. Doctoral dissertation, University of Florida, The U.S.A. http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0000777/00001
   Google Scholar
• Samarasinghe, T. M. (2017). Developing critical thinking in EFL learners within the perspectives of CHAT: the case of Oman. Ph.D. Dissertation. The University of Sheffield, School of Education. https://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk
   Google Scholar
• Scriven, M., & Paul, R. (1987). Defining Critical Thinking. The Critical Thinking Community. Retrieved January 9, 2011 from http://www.criticalthinking.org/pages/defining-critical-thinking/766
   Google Scholar
• Semeric, N. (2010). The relationship between self-leadership and critical thinking. African Journal of Business Management, 4(8), 1639–1643. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBM.9000628
   Google Scholar
• Sharifian, F. (2018). Learning intercultural competence. In: The Cambridge guide to learning English as a second language (pp. 260–273). CUP. https://cambridge.org/9781108408417
   Google Scholar
• Straffon, D. A. (2003). Assessing the intercultural sensitivity of high school students attending an international school. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 27(4), 487–501. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-1767(03)00035-X
   Google Scholar
• Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research: TECHNIQUES and procedures for developing grounded theory. Sage Publications, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Tamam, E., & Krauss, S. (2017). Ethnic-related diversity engagement differences in intercultural sensitivity among Malaysian undergraduate students. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 22(2), 137–150. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2014.881295
   Google Scholar
• Vaughn, L. (2008). The power of critical thinking: Effective reasoning about ordinary and extraordinary claims (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Yayli, D. (2009). New roles for literacy teachers in the age of multiliteracies: A sociocultural perspective. Procedia, Social and Behavioral Sciences, 1(1), 206–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2009.01.037
   Google Scholar
• Young, J. T., Sachdev, I., & Seedhouse, P. (2009). Teaching and learning culture on English language programs: A critical review of the recent empirical literature. Innovations in Language Learning and Teaching, 3(2), 149–169. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501220802283178
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, H., Yuan, R., & He, X. (2020). Investigating university EFL teachers’ perceptions of critical thinking and its teaching: Voices from China. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 29, 483–493. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-020-00500-6
   Google Scholar
• Zotzmann, K. (2015). The impossibility of defining and measuring intercultural competencies. In R. Damien ( Ed.), Resistance to the known: Counter-conduct in language education (pp. 168–191). Palgrave. http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/364148
   Google Scholar