References
- Lobstein T, Baur L, Uauy R, TaskForce IIO. Obesity in children and young people: a crisis in public health. [see comment]. Obesity Reviews. 5 Suppl 2004; 1: 4–104
- Daniels SR. The consequences of childhood overweight and obesity. Future Child. 2006; 16(1)47–67
- Parnell W, Scragg R, Wilson N, Schaaf D, Fitzgerald E. NZ Food NZ Children: Key results of the National Children's Nutrition Survey. Ministry of Health, WellingtonNew Zealand 2002; 2003
- Wang Y, Lobstein T. Worldwide trends in childhood overweight and obesity. International Journal of Pediatric Obesity. 2006; 1: 11–25
- Anderson P, Butcher K. Childhood obesity: Trends and potential causes. Future Child. 2006; 16(1)19–44
- Jeffery RW, Utter J. The changing environment and population obesity in the United States. Obes Res. 2003; 11 Suppl: 12–22S
- French SA, Story M, Jeffery RW. Environmental influences on eating and physical activity. Annu Rev Public Health. 2001; 22: 309–35
- Caroli, M, Argentieri, L, Cardone, M, Masi, A. Role of television in childhood obesity prevention. International Journal of Obesity & Related Metabolic Disorders: Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity. 2004;28(Suppl 3):S104–8.
- Rampersaud, GC, Pereira, MA, Girard, BL, Adams, J, Metzl, JD. Breakfast habits, nutritional status, body weight, and academic performance in children and adolescents. J Am Diet Assoc. 2005;105((5)):743–60. quiz 61–2.
- Schulze MB, Manson JE, Ludwig DS, Colditz GA, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC, et al. Sugar-sweetened beverages, weight gain, and incidence of type 2 diabetes in young and middle-aged women. [see comment]. JAMA. 2004; 292(8)927–34
- Ludwig DS, Peterson KE, Gortmaker SL. Relation between consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks and childhood obesity: a prospective, observational analysis. [see comment]. Lancet. 2001; 357(9255)505–8
- Nicklas TA, Yang SJ, Baranowski T, Zakeri I, Berenson G. Eating patterns and obesity in children. The Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Prev Med. 2003; 25(1)9–16
- Berkey CS, Rockett HR, Field AE, Gillman MW, Colditz GA. Sugar-added beverages and adolescent weight change. Obes Res. 2004; 12(5)778–88
- Guthrie JF, Lin BH, Frazao E. Role of food prepared away from home in the American diet, 1997–78 versus 1994–96: changes and consequences. Journal of Nutrition Education & Behavior 2002; 34(3)140–50
- Thompson OM, Ballew C, Resnicow K, Must A, Bandini LG, Cyr H, et al. Food purchased away from home as a predictor of change in BMI z-score among girls. International Journal of Obesity & Related Metabolic Disorders: Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity. 2004; 28(2)282–9
- French SA, Story M, Neumark-Sztainer D, Fulkerson JA, Hannan P. Fast food restaurant use among adolescents: associations with nutrient intake, food choices and behavioral and psychosocial variables. International Journal of Obesity & Related Metabolic Disorders: Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity. 2001; 25(12)1823–33
- Rolls BJ, Ello-Martin JA, Tohill BC. What can intervention studies tell us about the relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and weight management?. Nutr Rev. 2004; 62(1)1–17
- Rush EC, Plank LD, Davies PS, Watson P, Wall CR. Body composition and physical activity in New Zealand Maori, Pacific and European children aged 5–14 years. Br J Nutr. 2003; 90(6)1133–9
- Rush EC, Puniani K, Valencia ME, Davies PS, Plank LD. Estimation of body fatness from body mass index and bioelectrical impedance: comparison of New Zealand European, Maori and Pacific Island children. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003; 57(11)1394–401
- Rush E, Plank L, Chandu V, Laulu M, Simmons D, Swinburn B, et al. Body size, body composition, and fat distribution: a comparison of young New Zealand men of European, Pacific Island, and Asian Indian ethnicities.[see comment]. N Z Med J. 2004; 117(1207)U1203
- Turnbull A, Barry D, Wickens K, Crane J. Changes in body mass index in 11–12-year-old children in Hawkes Bay, New Zealand (1989–2000). J Paediatr Child Health 2004; 40(1–2)33–7
- Russell D, Parnell W, Wilson N, Faed J, Ferguson E, Herbison P, et al. NZ Food: NZ People. Key results of the National Nutrition Survey. Ministry of Health, Wellington 1997; 1999
- Howden-Chapman, P, Tobias, M. Social Inequalities in Health: New Zealand 1999. Wellington: Ministry of Health;2000.
- Utter J, Scragg R, Schaaf D, Fitzgerald E. Nutrition and physical activity behaviours among Maori, Pacific and NZ European children: identifying opportunities for population-based interventions. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2006; 30(1)50–6
- Allan J. Review of the Measurement of Ethnicity: Classification and Issues. Statistics New Zealand, Wellington 2001
- Crampton, P, Salmond, C, Kirkpatrick, R, Scarborough, R, Skelly, C. Degrees of Deprivation in New Zealand. An atlas of socioeconomic difference. Auckland: David Bateman, Ltd.; 2000.
- Blakely T, Pearce N. Socio-economic position is more than just NZDep. N Z Med J. 2002; 115(1149)109–11
- Cole T, Bellizzi M, Flegal K, Dietz W. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey. BMJ. 2000; 320: 1240–3
- Metcalf P, Scragg R, Sharpe S, Fitzgerald E, Schaaf D, Watts C. Short-term repeatability of a food frequency questionnaire in New Zealand children aged 1–14 y. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003; 57: 1498–503
- Ministry of Health. Food and Nutrition Guidelines for Healthy Children aged 2–12 years. Ministry of Health, Wellington 1997
- Kowalski K, Crocker P, Faulkner R. Validation of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children. Pediatric Exercise Science. 1997; 9: 174–86
- Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, McDowell MA, Tabak CJ, Flegal KM. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999–2004. JAMA. 2006; 295(13)1549–55
- Saxena S, Ambler G, Cole TJ, Majeed A. Ethnic group differences in overweight and obese children and young people in England: cross sectional survey. [see comment]. Arch Dis Child. 2004; 89(1)30–6
- Booth ML, Wake M, Armstrong T, Chey T, Hesketh K, Mathur S. The epidemiology of overweight and obesity among Australian children and adolescents, 1995–97. Aust N Z J Public Health 2001; 25(2)162–9
- Figueroa M, Kincaid D, Rani M, Lewis G. Communication for social change: An integrated model for measuring the process and its outcomes. The Rockefeller Foundation, New York 2002
- Kumanyika S, Grier S. Targeting interventions for ethnic minority and low-income populations. Future Child. 2006; 16(1)187–207
- Wilson N, Parnell W, Wohlers M, Shirley P. Eating breakfast and its impact on children's daily diet. Nutrition and Dietetics. 2006; 63: 15–20
- Troiano RP, Briefel RR, Carroll MD, Bialostosky K. Energy and fat intakes of children and adolescents in the united states: data from the national health and nutrition examination surveys. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000; 72(5)1343–53
- James J, Thomas P, Cavan D, Kerr D. Preventing childhood obesity by reducing consumption of carbonated drinks: cluster randomised controlled trial. [see comment] [erratum appears in BMJ. 2004@ ;328(7450):1236]. BMJ 2004; 328(7450)1237
- Carter M, Swinburn B. Measuring the'obesogenic' food environment in New Zealand primary schools. Health Promotion International. 2004; 19: 15–20
- Richards R, Darling H, Reeder A. Sponsorship and fund-raising in New Zealand schools: implications for health. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2005; 29: 331–6
- Tohill BC, Seymour J, Serdula M, Kettel-Khan L, Rolls BJ. What epidemiologic studies tell us about the relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and body weight. Nutr Rev. 2004; 62(10)365–74
- Utter J, Neumark-Sztainer D, Jeffery R, Story M. Couch potatoes or french fries: are sedentary behaviors associated with body mass index, physical activity, and dietary behaviors among adolescents?. J Am Diet Assoc. 2003; 103(10)1298–305
- Vandewater EA, Shim MS, Caplovitz AG. Linking obesity and activity level with children's television and video game use. J Adolesc. 2004; 27(1)71–85
- Wareham NJ, van Sluijs EM, Ekelund U. Physical activity and obesity prevention: a review of the current evidence. Proc Nutr Soc. 2005; 64(2)229–47
- Swinburn B, Jolley D, Kremer P, Salbe A, Ravussin E. Estimating the effects of energy imbalance on changes in body weight in children. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006; 83: 859–63
- Jeffery R, Linde J. Evolving environmental factors in the obesity epidemic. Obesity Prevention and Public Health, D Crawford, R Jeffery. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2005; 55–73
- Swinburn BA, Ley SJ, Carmichael HE, Plank LD. Body size and composition in Polynesians. International Journal of Obesity & Related Metabolic Disorders: Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity. 1999; 23(11)1178–83
- Swinburn BA, Craig PL, Daniel R, Dent DP, Strauss BJ. Body composition differences between Polynesians and Caucasians assessed by bioelectrical impedance. International Journal of Obesity & Related Metabolic Disorders: Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity. 1996; 20(10)889–94
- Bell A, Swinburn B. What are the key food groups to target for preventing obesity and improving nutrition in schools?. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004; 58: 258–63
- Utter, J, Scragg, R, Schaaf, D. Food choices among children using the school food service in New Zealand. N Z Med J. in press.