110
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Outdoor exposure of untreated Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] wood samples

, &
Pages 204-210 | Received 18 Aug 2009, Accepted 31 Aug 2010, Published online: 20 Nov 2010

References

  • Anon 2000 . Simca-P 8.0 user guide . Umeå : Umetrics .
  • Bergström , M. , Rydell , Å. and Elowson , T. 2004 . Durability of untreated Norway spruce (Picea abies) exposed outdoors above ground for nine years . Holzforschung , 58 : 167 – 172 .
  • Bergström , M. , Rydell , Å. & Thörnqvist , T. 2005 Durability and moisture dynamics of Norway spruce (Picea abies) heartwood and sapwood . Proceedings of the Woodframe Housing Durability and Disaster Issues Conference , Forest Products Society, Las Vegas , Nevada , USA . October , 4–6 , 2004 .
  • Bergström , M. and Blom , Å. 2007a . Differences in properties between Norway spruce (Picea abies) heartwood and sapwood. Part 1. Accelerated durability testing. Wood protection. Proceedings of the Wood Protection Conference, Forest Products Society, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA . March , 21–32 : 2006
  • Bergström , M. and Blom , Å. 2007b . Differences in properties between Norway spruce (Picea abies) heartwood and sapwood. Part 2. Vapour and liquid permeability. Wood protection. Proceedings of the Wood Protection Conference, Forest Products Society, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA . March , 21–32 : 2006
  • Blom , Å. and Bergström , M. 2006 . Untreated Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) wood-panels exposed out of ground contact in Sweden for two years . Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , 64 : 53 – 61 .
  • Deacon , J. W. 1997 . Modern mycology , (3rd ed.) Oxford : Blackwell Science .
  • Ekman , R. 1979 . Analysis of the nonvolatile extractives in Norway spruce sapwood and heartwood . Acta Academiae Aboensis, Series B , 39 : 1 – 20 .
  • Eriksson , L. Johansson , E. Kettaneh-Wold , N. & Wold , S. 1999 . Introduction to multi- and megavariate data analysis using projection methods (PCA & PLS) . Umeå : Umetrics .
  • Johansson , P. Jermer , J. & Johansson , I. 1999 . Fältförsök med träskyddsmedel för klass AB, Delrapport nr 1. Resultat efter 3 års exponering . Nordic Wood Projekt nr 98056, SP Rep. 1999:27. (In Swedish.)
  • Jolliffe , I. T. 1986 . Principal component analysis . New York : Springer .
  • Philp , R. W. , Bruce , A. and Munro , A. G. 1995 . The effect of water soluble Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) heartwood and sapwood extracts on the growth of selected Trichoderma species . International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation , 35 : 355 – 367 .
  • Sandberg , D. and Söderström , O. 2006 . Crack formation due to weathering of radial and tangential sections of pine and spruce . Wood Material Science and Engineering , 1 : 12 – 20 .
  • Sandberg , K 2004 . Utomhusexponering av gran under 1.5 år (Rep. P0401003). Stockholm: Trätek. (In Swedish.)
  • Sandberg , K. 2006 . Modelling water sorption gradients in spruce wood using CT scanned data . New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science , 36 : 347 – 364 .
  • Sandberg , K. 2008 . Degradation of Norway spruce (Picea abies) heartwood and sapwood during 5.5 years’ above-ground exposure . Wood Material Science & Engineering , 3–4 : 83 – 93 .
  • Scheffer , T. C. and Cowling , E. B. 1966 . Natural resistance to microbial deterioration . Annual Review of Phytopathology , 4 : 147 – 170 .
  • Schultz , T. P. and Nicholas , D. D. 2000 . Naturally durable heartwood: Evidence for a proposed dual defensive function of the extractives . Phytochemistry , 54 : 47 – 52 .
  • Sweet , S. A. 2003 . Data analysis with SPSS: A first course in applied statistics , (2nd ed.) Boston, MA : Allyn and Bacon
  • Usta , I. and Hale , M. D. C. 2004 . Effects of seed origin and site on the amenability of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) grown in Britain to preservative treatment in longitudinal and radial directions . Forestry , 77 : 45 – 59 .
  • Usta , I. and Hale , M. D. 2006 . Comparison of the bordered pits of two species of spruce (Pinaceae) in a green and kiln-dried condition and their effects on fluid flow in the stem wood in relation to wood preservation . Forestry , 79 : 467 – 475 .
  • Wold , S. , Esbensen , K. and Geladi , P. 1987 . Principal component analysis—A tutorial . Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems , 2 : 37 – 52 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.