Formaldehyde emission, combustion behavior, and artificial weathering characteristics of electrostatic powder coated wood composite panels

References

• Akbulut, T., Hiziroglu, S. and Ayrılmış, N. (2000) Surface absorption, surface roughness, and formaldehyde emission of Turkish medium density fiberboard. Forest Products Journal, 50(6), 45–48.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akkuş, M. (2018). Application of powder coating systems to wood composite panels and investigation of its effects on performance properties, Ph.D. dissertation, Istanbul University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences.
   Google Scholar
• Akkuş, M., Akbulut, T. and Candan, Z. (2019) Application of electrostatic powder coating on wood composite panels using a cooling method. Part 1: Investigation of water intake, abrasion, scratch resistance, and adhesion strength. BioResources, 14(4), 9557–9574. doi:10.15376/biores.14.4.9557-9574.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akzo Nobel Bulletin. (2012) Woodcote: Solution for mdf. Accessed 17 October 2017, available at: http://www.interpon.gr/files/2012/10/MDF-Coating-Guide.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Altuntaş, M. (2012) Primer paint mixture that allows the insulating products to be painted with electrostatic powder paint, Turkish Patent and Trademark Office, 2012/07395, 26 June.
   Google Scholar
• Antov, P., Savov, V., Mantanis, G. I. and Neykov, N. (2021) Medium-density fibreboards bonded with phenol-formaldehyde resin and calcium lignosulfonate as an eco-friendly additive. Wood Material Science & Engineering, 16, 42–48. doi:10.1080/17480272.2020.1751279.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials). (2006a) Standard Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Accelerated Test Devices That use Laboratory Light Sources. ASTM G151. Annual book of ASTM standards. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
   Google Scholar
• ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials). (2006b) Standard Practice for Operating Fluorescent Light Apparatus for UV Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials. ASTM G154. Annual book of astm standards. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
   Google Scholar
• ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials). (2016) Standard Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates. ASTM D2244. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
   Google Scholar
• Ayrılmış, N. (2006) Effects of various fire retardants on fire and technological properties of some wood based panel products. Ph.D. dissertation, Istanbul University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences.
   Google Scholar
• Ayrılmış, N. (2020) Surface properties of oriented strand board coated by electrostatic dry powder spray deposition technique. BioResources, 15(1), 1521–1530. doi:10.153756/BİORES.15.1.1521-1530.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barletta, M. (2006) Electrostatic fluidized bed (EFB) coating of heat sensitive and electrical insulating substrates with low-curing thermoset epoxy-polyester (EP) powders. Progress in Organic Coatings, 56, 185–198. doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2006.04.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barletta, M., Lusvarghi, L., Mantini, F. P. and Rubino, G. (2007) Epoxy-based thermosetting powder coatings: Surface appearance, scratch adhesion and wear resistance. Surface and Coatings Technology, 201(16–17), 7479–7504. doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2007.02.017.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belder, E. G., Rutten, H. J. J. and Perera, D. Y. (2001) Cure characterization of powder coatings. Progress in Organic Coatings, 42(3–4), 142–149. doi:10.1016/S0300-9440(01)00149-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boehme, C. (2000) Über die formaldehydabgabe von holz und ihre veränderung während technischer prozesse der holzwerkstoffherstellung. Dissertation, Göttingen University.
   Google Scholar
• Bosad Bulletin. (2015) 2. Global powder coating market. Accessed 25 February 2018, available at: www.bosad.org/images/pdf/KureselTozBoyaPazari.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Boymak Bulletin. (2017) Electrostatic Powder Coating Guide. Accessed 9 Temmuz 2020, available at: http://www.boymak.com.tr/tr/_know_how/img/elektrostatik_toz_boya_rehberi.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Chen, F., Shen, J. and Xia, X. (2020) Effect of the surface finishing methods on particleboard volatile organic compounds and formaldehyde emission. BioResources, 15(3), 5450–5463. doi:10.15376/biores.15.3.5450-5463.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Çolak, S., Aydin, I., Demirkir, C. and Çolakoğlu, G. (2004) Some technological properties of laminated veneer lumber manufactured from pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) veneers with melamine added-UF resins. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 28(2), 109–113.
   Google Scholar
• Çolakoğlu, G. (1993) Effects of the production parameters on formaldehyde emission and technical properties of plywood, Ph.D. dissertation, Karadeniz Technical University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences.
   Google Scholar
• De Meijer, M. (2001) Review on the durability of exterior wood coatings with reduced VOC-content. Progress in Organic Coatings, 43(4), 217–225. doi:10.1016/S0300-9440(01)00170-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eustace, B. (2009) Powder coating system for MDF panels, U.S. Patent Application No. 12/271,164.
   Google Scholar
• Fechter, J. O. and Englund, F. (2008) Emission of glycol ethers from medium-density fibreboard surfaces coated by a waterborne lacquer under different drying conditions. Wood Material Science and Engineering, 3(1–2), 21–28. doi:10.1080/17480270802561052.
   Google Scholar
• Freitag, W. and Stoye, D. (2008) Paints, Paints, Coatings and Solvents (Weinheim: John Wiley & Sons, 2nd, Completely Revised Edition).
   Google Scholar
• Fu, J., Krantz, M., Zhang, H., Zhu, J., Kuo, H., Wang, Y. M. and Lis, K. (2011) Investigation of the recyclability of powder coatings. Powder Technology, 211(1), 38–45. doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2011.03.016.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gheno, G., Ganzerla, R., Bortoluzzi, M. and Paganica, R. (2016) Accelerated weathering degradation behaviour of polyester thermosetting powder coatings. Progress in Organic Coatings, 101, 90–99. doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2016.07.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gündüz, M. and Ayan, S. (2014) Methods of determining formaldehyde emission from melamine faced particle boards and fibreboards. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology, 2(2), 433–443.
   Google Scholar
• Harada, T., Uesugi, S. and Masuda, H. (2006) Fire resistance of thick wood-based boards. Journal of Wood Science, 52(6), 544–551. doi:10.1007/s10086-006-0805-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hardesty, J. H. (2006) Electrically conductive MDF surface, U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, Washington, Patent No. 7,090,897.
   Google Scholar
• Hassan, E. B., Kim, M. and Wan, H. (2009) Phenol-formaldehyde-type resins made from phenol-liquefied wood for the bonding of particleboard. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 112(3), 1436–1443. doi:10.1002/app.29521.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He, Z., Zhang, Y. and Wei, W. (2012) Formaldehyde and VOC emissions at different manufacturing stages of wood-based panels. Building and Environment, 47, 197–204. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.07.023.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ISO (International Organization for Standardization). (2001) Plastics — Simple Heat Release Test Using a Conical Radiant Heater and a Thermopile Detector. ISO 13927 (Geneva, Switzerland: ISO).
   Google Scholar
• Jocham, C., Schmidt, T. W., Wuzella, G., Teischinger, A. and Kandelbauer, A. (2011) Adhesion improvement of powder coating on medium density fibreboard (MDF) by thermal pre-treatment. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 25(15), 1937–1946. doi:10.1163/016942410X537189.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kikuchi, S. and Hasemi, Y. (2004) Influence of surface finish on heat release and the flame spreading properties of wood. Journal of the Japan Wood Research Society, 50(2), 99–105.
   Google Scholar
• Knoblauch, M. (2013) High-gloss, UV-cured powder coating on MDF – a one-of-a-kind finish. Radtech Report. Accessed 11 September 2020, available at: https://www.radtech.org/magazinearchives/Publications/RadTechReport/dec-2013/High-Gloss,%20UV-Cured%20Powder%20Coating%20on%20MDF%20-A%20One-of-a-Kind%20Finish.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Köhler, R., Sauerbier, P., Militz, H. and Viöl, W. (2017) Atmospheric pressure plasma coating of wood and MDF with polyester powder. Coatings, 7(10), 171. doi:10.3390/coatings7100171.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, B.-H., Kim, H.-S., Kim, S., Kim, H.-J., Lee, B., Deng, Y., Feng, Q. and Luo, J. (2011) Evaluating the flammability of wood-based panels and gypsum particleboard using a cone calorimeter. Construction and Building Materials, 25(7), 3044–3050. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.01.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okadaa, K., Yamaguchi, K. and Takeda, H. (1998) Acrylic/polyester hybrid powder coating system having excellent weather durability. Progress in Organic Coatings, 34(1–4), 169–117. doi:10.1016/S0300-9440(98)00004-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okutan, Ö. H. and Ozcan, A. (2014) Method of electrostatic powder coating, Turkish Patent and Trademark Office, Patent No. 2014-G-115825.
   Google Scholar
• Park, C. Y., Choi, C. H., Lee, J. H., Kim, S., Park, K. W. and Cho, J. H. (2013) Evaluation of formaldehyde emissions and combustion behaviors of wood-based composites subjected to different surface finishing methods. BioResources, 8(4), 5515–5523. doi:10.15376/biores.8.4.5515-5523.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salem, M. Z., Böhm, M., Barcík, Š and Beránková, J. (2011) Formaldehyde emission from wood-based panels bonded with different formaldehyde-based resins. Wood Industry/Drvna Industrija, 62(3), 177–183. doi:10.5552/drind.2011.1102.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salem, M. Z. M., Zeidler, A., Böhm, M. and Srba, J. (2013) Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) as a bioresource: Evaluation of solid wood, particleboard, and MDF technological properties and formaldehyde emission. BioResources, 8(1), 1199–1221. doi:10.15376/biores.8.1.1199-1221.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt, T., Jocham, C., Mayer, C., Blatter, A., Schwarz, T., Hauber, P. and Kandelbauer, A. (2013) Influence of panel moısture content on powder coatıng of medıum densıty fıbreboard (MDF). Pro Ligno, 9(4), 15–21.
   Google Scholar
• Scrinzi, E., Rossi, S., Deflorian, F. and Zanella, C. (2011) Evaluation of aesthetic durability of waterborne polyurethane coatings applied on wood for interior applications. Progress in Organic Coatings, 72(1–2), 81–87. doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2011.03.013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsantaridis, L. and Östman, B. (1998) Cone calorimeter data and comparisons for the SBI RR products. Rapport/Trätek. ISSN 1102-1071; 9812090.
   Google Scholar
• TSE (Turkish Standards Institution). (2005) Particleboards – Specification. TS EN 312. Ankara, Turkey: TSE.
   Google Scholar
• TSE (Turkish Standards Institution). (2006a) Wood-based Panels - Melamine Faced Boards for Interior Uses - Definitions, Requirements and Classification. TS EN 14322. Ankara, Turkey: TSE.
   Google Scholar
• TSE (Turkish Standards Institution). (2006b) Wood-based Panels - Determination of Formaldehyde Release - Part 2: Formaldehyde Release by the Gas Analysis Method. TS EN 717-2. Ankara, Turkey: TSE.
   Google Scholar
• TSE (Turkish Standards Institution). (2008) Fibreboards – Specifications – Part 5: Requirements for Dry Process Boards (MDF). TS EN 622-5. Ankara, Turkey: TSE.
   Google Scholar
• TSE (Turkish Standards Institution). (2014) Paints and Varnishes - Determination of Gloss Value at 20 Degrees, 60 Degrees and 85 Degrees. TS EN ISO 2813. Ankara, Turkey: TSE.
   Google Scholar
• Tunçgenç, M. (2004) General paint information. Technical Bulletin. Akzo Nobel Kemipol A.Ş.
   Google Scholar
• Way, D., Kamke, F. A. and Sinha, A. (2020) Influence of specimen size during accelerated weathering of wood-based structural panels. Wood Material Science & Engineering, 15(1), 17–29. doi:10.1080/17480272.2018.1459836.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wuzella, G., Kandelbauer, A., Mahendran, A. R., Müller, U. and Teischinger, A. (2014) Influence of thermo-analytical and rheological properties of an epoxy powder coating resin on the quality of coatings on medium density fibreboards (MDF) using in-mould technology. Progress in Organic Coatings, 77(10), 1539–1546. doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2013.10.016.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu, H. J., Wang, L., Shi, Q., Jiang, G. H., Zhao, Z. R. and Dong, X. C. (2006) Study on nano-CaCO3 modified epoxy powder coatings. Progress in Organic Coatings, 55(3), 296–300. doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2006.01.007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar