Diastolic heart sounds as an adjunctive diagnostic tool with ST criteria for acute myocardial ischemia

References

• Rouan GW, Lee TH, Cook EF, Brand DA, Weisberg MC, Goldman L. Clinical characteristics and outcome of acute myocardial infarction in patients with initially normal or nonspecific electrocardiograms: A report from the multicenter chest pain study. Am J Cardiol. 1989; 64: 1087–92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menown IB, Mackenzie G, Adgey AA. Optimizing the initial 12-lead electrocardiographic diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J. 2000; 21: 275–83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alam M, Khaja F, Brymer J, Marzelli M, Goldstein S. Echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular function during coronary artery angioplasty. Am J Cardiol. 1986; 57: 20–5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hauser AM, Gangadharan V, Ramos RG, Gordon S, Timmis GC, Dudlets P. Sequence of mechanical, electrocardiographic and clinical effects of repeated coronary artery occlusion in human beings: Echocardiographic observations during coronary angioplasty. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1985; 5: 193–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barry WH, Brooker JZ, Alderman EL, Harrison DC. Changes in diastolic stiffness and tone of the left ventricle during angina pectoris. Circulation 1974; 49: 255–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sigwart U, Grbic M, Payot M, Essinger A, Fischer A. Ischemic events during coronary artery balloon obstruction. Silent myocardial ischemia, W Rutishauser, H Roskamm. Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1984; 29–36
   Google Scholar
• Braunwald E, Kloner RA. The stunned myocardium: prolonged. Postischemic ventricular dysfunction. Circulation 1982; 66: 1146–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheuer J, Brachfeld N. Coronary insufficiency: relations between hemodynamic, electrical, and biochemical parameters. Circulation Research 1966; 18: 178–89
   Google Scholar
• Helfant RH, Forrester JS, Hampton JR, Haft JI, Kemp HG, Gorlin R. Coronary heart disease. Differential hemodynamic, metabolic, and electrocardiographic effects in subjects with and without angina pectoris during atrial pacing. Circulation 1970; 42: 601–10
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zuber M, Kipfer P, Attenhofer Jost C. Systolic dysfunction: correlation of acoustic cardiography with Doppler echocardiography. Congest Heart Fail. 2006; 12(Suppl. 1)14–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Marcus GM, Gerber IL, McKeown BH, Vessey JC, Jordan MV, Huddleston M, et al. Association between phonocardiographic third and fourth heart sounds and objective measures of left ventricular function. JAMA 2005; 293: 2238–44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shah SJ, Michaels AD. Hemodynamic correlates of the third heart sound and systolic time intervals. Congest Heart Fail. 2006; 12(Suppl. 1)8–13
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cohn PF, Thompson P, Strauss W, Todd J, Gorlin R. Diastolic heart sounds during static (handgrip) exercise in patients with chest pain. Circulation 1973; 47: 1217–21
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McNair JD. The pathologic third heart sound in angina pectoris. Cardiologia 1967; 51: 79–91
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Aronow WS, Uyeyama RR, Cassidy J, Nebolon J. Resting and postexercise phonocardiogram and electrocardiogram in patients with angina pectoris and in normal subjects. Circulation 1971; 43: 273–7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Master AM, Friedman R. A phonocardiographic study of the heart sounds in acute coronary occlusion. Am Heart J. 1942; 24: 196–208
   Google Scholar
• Stock E. Auscultation and phonocardiography in acute myocardial infarction. Med J Aust. 1966; 1: 1060–2
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hill JC, O'Rourke RA, Lewis RP, Mcgranahan GM. The diagnostic value of the atrial gallop in acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J. 1969; 78: 194–201
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mangione S, Nieman LZ. Cardiac auscultatory skills of internal medicine and family practice trainees: a comparison of diagnostic proficiency. JAMA 1997; 278: 717–22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lok CE, Morgan CD, Ranganathan N. The accuracy and interobserver agreement in detecting the ‘gallop sounds’ by cardiac auscultation. Chest 1998; 114: 1283–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thygesen K, Alpert JS, White HD. Joint ESC/ACCF/AHA/WHF Task Force for the redefinition of myocardial infarction. Universal definition of myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007; 50: 2173–95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aronow WS. Postexercise phonocardiogram. Thirty-month follow-up in normal subjects. JAMA 1974; 228: 1569–70
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Aronow WS, Cassidy J. Five year follow-up of double Master's test, maximal treadmill stress test, and resting and postexercise apexcardiogram in asymptomatic persons. Circulation 1975; 52: 616–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar