Did the rising importance of services decelerate overall productivity improvement of Turkey during 2002–2007?

References

• Acemoglu, D., and V. Guerrieri. 2008. “Capital Deepening and Nonbalanced Economic Growth.” Journal of Political Economy 116: 467–498.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adamopoulos, T., and A. Akyol. 2009. “Relative Underperformance Alla Turca.” Review of Economic Dynamics 12: 697–717.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alesina, A., S. Ardagna, G. Nicoletti, and F. Schiantarelli. 2005. “Regulation and Investment.” Journal of the European Economic Association 3: 791–825.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Altuğ, S., A. Filiztekin, and Ş. Pamuk. 2008. “Sources of Long-term Economic Growth for Turkey, 1880–2005.” European Review of Economic History 12: 393–430.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alvarez-Cuadrado, F., and M. Poschke. 2011. “Structural Change Out of Agriculture: Labor Push versus Labor Pull.” American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 3: 127–158.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amsden, A. H. 2001. The Rise of “The Rest”: Challenges to the West from Late-industrializing Economies. New York: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• van Ark, B. 1996. “Sectoral Growth Accounting and Structural Change in Post-war Europe.” In Quantitative Aspects of Post-war European Growth, edited by B. van Ark and N. Crafts, 84–164. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• van Ark, B., M. O’Mahony, and M. P. Timmer. 2008. “The Productivity Gap between Europe and the United States: Trends and Causes.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 22: 25–44.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atiyas, İ., and P. Doğan. 2007. “When Good Intentions are not Enough: Sequential Entry and Competition in the Turkish Mobile Industry.” Telecommunications Policy 31: 502–523.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atiyas, İ., and P. Doğan. 2010. “Glass Half Empty? Politics and Institutions in the Liberalization of the Fixed Line Telecommunications Industry in Turkey.” In Understanding the Process of Economic Change in Turkey: An Institutional Approach, edited by T. Çetin and F. Yılmaz, 261–284. New York: Nova Science Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Atiyas, İ. 2011. “Regulation and Competition in the Turkish Telecommunications Industry.” In The Political Economy of Regulation in Turkey, edited by T. Çetin and F. Oğuz, 177–191. New York: Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
   Google Scholar
• Ausubel, L. M. 1991. “The Failure of Competition in the Credit Card Market.” American Economic Review 81: 50–81.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aysan, A. F., and N. A. Muslim. 2006. “The Failure of Competition in the Credit Card Market in Turkey: The New Empirical Evidence.” Turkish Economic Association Discussion Paper 2006/10. www.tek.org.tr/dosyalar/aysan_muslim_0630.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Bah, E. M. 2010. “A Three-sector Model of Structural Transformation and Economic Development.” mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/32518/2/MPRA_paper_32518.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Barone, G., and F. Cingano. 2011. “Service Regulation and Growth: Evidence from OECD Countries.” Economic Journal 121: 931–957.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrett, C. B., M. R. Carter, and C. P. Timmer. 2010. “A Century-long Perspective on Agricultural Development.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 92: 447–468.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumol, W. J. 1967. “Macroeconomics of Unbalanced Growth: The Anatomy of Urban Crisis.” American Economic Review 57: 415–426.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernard, A. B., and C. I. Jones. 1996. “Productivity Across Industries and Countries: Time Series Theory and Evidence.” Review of Economics and Statistics 78: 135–146.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Betts, C. M., R. Giri, and R. Verma. 2013. “Trade, Reform, and Structural Transformation in South Korea.” http://ciep.itam.mx/rahul.giri/research.html.
   Google Scholar
• Brandt, L., and T. G. Rawski. 2008. China’s Great Economic Transformation. New York: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Buera, F. J., and J. P. Kaboski. 2012. “The Rise of the Service Economy.” American Economic Review 102: 2540–2569.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Canzoneri, M. B., R. E. Cumby, and B. Diba. 1999. “Relative Labor Productivity and the Real Exchange Rate in the Long Run: Evidence for a Panel of OECD Countries.” Journal of International Economics 47: 245–266.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chenery, H., S. Robinson, and M. Syrquin. 1986. Industrialization and Growth: A Comparative Study. New York: Oxford University Press, World Bank.
   Google Scholar
• Clark, C. 1941. The Conditions of Economic Progress. London: Macmillan Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Connolly, M., and K. M. Yi. Forthcoming. “How much of South Korea’s Growth Miracle can be Explained by Trade Policy?” American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics.
   Google Scholar
• Çiçek, D., and C. Elgin. 2011. “Not-quite-great Depressions of Turkey: A Quantitative Analysis of Economic Growth Over 1968–2004.” Economic Modelling 28: 2691–2700.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dennis, B. N., and T. B. İşcan. 2009. “Engel versus Baumol: Accounting for Structural Change using Two Centuries of U.S.” Data. Explorations in Economic History 46: 186–202.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duarte, M., and D. Restuccia. 2007. “The Structural Transformation and Aggregate Productivity in Portugal.” Portuguese Economic Journal 6: 26–46.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duarte, M., and D. Restuccia. 2010. “The Role of the Structural Transformation in Aggregate Productivity.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 125: 129–173.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duarte, M., and D. Restuccia. 2015. “Relative Prices and Sectoral Productivity.” University of Toronto Department of Economics Working Paper No. 530.
   Google Scholar
• Dutz, M., M. Us, and K. Yılmaz. 2005. “Turkey’s Foreign Direct Investment Challenges: Competition, the Rule of Law, and EU Accession.” In Economic Reform and Accession to the European Union, edited by B. M. Hoekman and S. Togan, 261–293. Turkey: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Eichengreen, B., and P. Gupta. 2013. “The Two Waves of Service-sector Growth.” Oxford Economic Papers 65: 96–123.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuchs, V. R. 1968. The Service Economy. New York: Columbia University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gollin, D., S. L. Parente, and R. Rogerson. 2002. “The Role of Agriculture in Development.” American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings 92: 160–164.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gollin, D., S. L. Parente, and R. Rogerson. 2007. “The Food Problem and the Evolution of International Income Levels.” Journal of Monetary Economics 54: 1230–1255.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gollin, D., D. Lagakos, and M. E. Waugh. 2014. “The Agricultural Productivity Gap.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 129: 939–993.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griliches, Z. 1994. “Productivity, R &D, and the Data Constraint.” American Economic Review 84: 1–23.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gürsel, S., and Z. İmamoğlu. 2012. “Why is Agricultural Employment Increasing in Turkey?” Bahcesehir University Center for Economic and Social Research Working Paper 4.
   Google Scholar
• Inklaar, R., M. P. Timmer, and B. van Ark. 2008. “Market Services Productivity Across Europe and the US.” Economic Policy 23: 139–194.
   Google Scholar
• Ismihan, M., and K. Metin-Ozcan. 2009. “Productivity and Growth in an Unstable Emerging Market Economy: The Case of Turkey, 1960–2004.” Emerging Markets Finance & Trade 45: 4–18.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• İmrohoroğlu, A., S. İmrohoroğlu, and M. Üngör. 2014. “Agricultural Productivity and Growth in Turkey.” Macroeconomic Dynamics 18: 998–1017.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• İşcan, T. B. 2010. “How much can Engel’s law and Baumol’s Disease Explain the Rise of Service Employment in the United States?” The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics 10: 1–41. Article 26.
   Google Scholar
• İşcan, T. B. 2014. “Windfall Resource Income, Productivity Growth, and Manufacturing Employment.” Open Economies Review. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11079-014-9330-z.
   Google Scholar
• İzmen, \"{U}, and K. Yılmaz. 2009. “Turkey’s Recent Trade and Foreign Direct Investment Performance.” T\"{U}SİAD-Koç University Economic Research Forum Working Paper No. 0902.
   Google Scholar
• Javorcik, B. S. 2004. “Does Foreign Direct Investment Increase the Productivity of Domestic Firms? In Search of Spillovers through Backward Linkages.” American Economic Review 94: 605–627.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnston, B. F. 1970. “Agriculture and Structural Transformation in Developing Countries: A Survey of Research.” Journal of Economic Literature 8: 369–404.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jorgenson, D. W., and M. P. Timmer. 2011. “Structural Change in Advanced Nations: A New Set of Stylised Facts.” Scandinavian Journal of Economics 113: 1–29.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kose, M. A., and E. S. Prasad. 2010. Emerging Markets: Resilience and Growth Amid Global Turmoil. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kuznets, S. 1966. Modern Economic Growth. New Haven: Yale University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lin, J. Y. 2011. “New Structural Economics: A Framework for Rethinking Development.” The World Bank Research Observer 26: 193–221.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, J. Y. 2012. New Structural Economics: A Framework for Rethinking Development and Policy. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
   Google Scholar
• Lin, J. Y. 2014. “The Washington Consensus Revisited: A New Structural Economics Perspective.” Journal of Economic Policy Reform 18: 96–113. doi:10.1080/17487870.2014.936439.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, J. Y., and D. Rosenblatt. 2012. “Shifting Patterns of Economic Growth and Rethinking Development.” Journal of Economic Policy Reform 15: 171–194.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maddison, A. 1987. “Growth and Slowdown in Advanced Capitalist Economies: Techniques of Quantitative Assessment.” Journal of Economic Literature 25: 649–698.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maddison, A. 1994. “Explaining the Economic Performance of Nations, 1820–1989.” In Convergence of Productivity: Cross-national Studies and Historical Evidence, edited by W. J. Baumol, R. R. Nelson, and E. N. Wolff, 20–61. New York: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Maroto-Sánchez, A. 2012. “Productivity in the Services Sector: Conventional and Current Explanations.” The Service Industries Journal 32: 719–746.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maroto-Sánchez, A., and J. R. Cuadrado-Roura. 2009. “Is Growth of Services an Obstacle to Productivity Growth? A Comparative Analysis.” Structural Change and Economic Dynamics 20: 254–265.
   Google Scholar
• Matsuyama, K. 2009. “Structural Change in an Interdependent World: A Global View of Manufacturing Decline.” Journal of the European Economic Association 7: 478–486.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maudos, J., J. M. Pastor, and L. Serrano. 2008. “Explaning the US-EU Productivity Growth Gap: Structural Change vs. Intra-sectoral Effect.” Economics Letters 100: 311–313.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKinsey Global Institute. 2003. “Making the Productivity and Growth Breakthrough.” Turkey. http://www.mckinsey.com/mgi/reports/pdfs/turkey/Turkey.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• McMillan, M. S., and D. Rodrik. 2011. “Globalization, Structural Change and Productivity Growth.” In Making Globalization Socially Sustainable, edited by M. Bachetta and M. Jansen, 49–84. Geneva: International Labor Organization.
   Google Scholar
• Metin-\"{O}zcan, K., and K. Kalafatc{\i}lar. 2009. “Factors Influencing Relative Price of Goods And Services Sector in Turkey: An Econometric Analysis.” İktisat İşletme ve Finans 24: 48–72.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Bureau of Statistics of China. 2012. China Statistical Yearbook:Beijing: China Statistical Publishing House. http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2012/indexeh.htm.
   Google Scholar
• Nordhaus, W. D. 2008. “Baumol’s Diseases: A Macroeconomic Perspective.” The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics 8: 1–37. Article 9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Obstfeld, M., and K. Rogoff. 2002. Foundations of International Macroeconomics. 5th ed. Cambridge: The MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• OECD. 2006. OECD Economic Surveys: Turkey. Paris: OECD.
   Google Scholar
• Rodrik, D. 2012. “Do we need to rethink growth policies?” In In the Wake of the Crisis: Leading Economists Reassess Economic Policy, edited by O. Blanchard, D. Romer, M. Spence, and J. Stiglitz, 157–167. Cambridge, MA: International Monetary Fund.
   Google Scholar
• Rogerson, R. 2008. “Structural Transformation and the Deterioration of European Labor Market Outcomes.” Journal of Political Economy 116: 235–259.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sayek, S. 2007. “FDI in Turkey: The Investment Climate and EU Effects.” Journal of International Trade and Diplomacy 1: 105–138.
   Google Scholar
• Saygılı, Ş, C. Cihan, and H. Yurtoğlu. 2005. “Türkiye ekonomisinde sermaye birikimi, verimlilik ve büyüme: 1972–2003 [Supply Side Dynamics of Turkish Economic Growth during 1998–2011].” Turkish Industry & Business Association and the State Planning Organization (in Turkish). www.tusiad.org.tr/_rsc/shared/file/No6.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Saygılı, Ş, and C. Cihan. 2011. “1988–2011 döneminde Türkiye ekonomisindeki büyümenin arz yönlü dinamikleri: Çeyreklik ve yıllık bazda analizler.” The Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey (in Turkish). Unpublished Manuscript.
   Google Scholar
• Sengul, G., and M. Üngör. 2011. “Increasing Share of Agriculture in Employment in the Time of Crisis: Puzzle or Not?” Review of Middle East Economics and Finance 7: 1–32. Article 3.
   Google Scholar
• Stigler, G. J. 1956. Trends in Employment in the Service Industries. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Stokey, N. L. 2001. “A Quantitative Model of the British Industrial Revolution, 1780–1850.” Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy 55: 55–109.
   Google Scholar
• Taymaz, E., and H. Suiçmez. 2005. “Türkiye’de verimlilik, büyüme ve kriz [Productivity, Growth and Crisis in Turkey].” The Turkish Economic Association Discussion Paper 2005/4 (in Turkish).
   Google Scholar
• The Conference Board. 2014. Total Economy Database, January 2014. http://www.conference-board.org/data/economydatabase/.
   Google Scholar
• The Undersecretariat of Treasury. 2008. Foreign Direct Investments in Turkey 2007. http://www.economy.gov.tr/upload/40DBAACC-D75F-EFBE-93D517834E46F729/FDIReportTurkey2007.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Timmer, M. P., and G. J. de Vries. 2009. “Structural Change and Growth Accelerations in Asia and Latin America: A New Sectoral Data Set.” Cliometrica 3: 165–190.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uy, T., K.-M. Yi, and J. Zhang. 2013. “Structural Change in an Open Economy.” Journal of Monetary Economics 60: 667–682.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Üngör, M. 2011. “Sectoral Sources of Labor Productivity in the 2001–2008 Era.” CBT Research Notes in Economics 11/11. http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/wps/wcm/connect/TCMB+EN/TCMB+EN/Main+Menu/PUBLICATIONS/Research/Research+Notes+in+Economicss.
   Google Scholar
• Üngör, M. 2013. “De-agriculturalization as a Result of Productivity Growth in Agriculture.” Economics Letters 119: 141–145.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Üngör, M. 2014. “Productivity Growth and Labor Reallocation: Latin America versus East Asia.” http://www.muratungor.com/research.html.
   Google Scholar
• Verma, R. 2012. “Can Total Factor Productivity Explain Value Added Growth In Services?” Journal of Development Economics 99: 163–177.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Vries, G. J., A. A. Erumban, M. P. Timmer, I. Voskoboynikov, and H. X. Wu. 2012. “Deconstructing the BRICs: Structural Transformation and Aggregate Productivity Growth.” Journal of Comparative Economics 40: 211–227.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong, W.-K. 2006. “OECD Convergence: A Sectoral Decomposition Exercise.” Economics Letters 93: 210–214.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Bank. 2009. “Estimating the Impact of Labor Taxes on Employment and the Balances of the Social Insurance Funds in Turkey.” Worldbank Report No: 44056-TR :
   Google Scholar
• Wölfl, A., I. Wanner, T. Kozluk, and G. Nicoletti. 2009. “Ten Years of Product Market Reform in OECD Countries: Insights from a Revised PMR Indicator.” OECD Economics Department Working Paper No 695.
   Google Scholar