The Politics of Space and Relationality: Localization and the Women, Peace and Security Agenda in Uganda

References

• Acharya, Amitav. 2004. “How Ideas Spread: Whose Norms Matter? Norm Localization and Institutional Change in Asian Regionalism.” International Organisation 58 (2): 239–275.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Achilleos-Sarll, Columba, and Yasmin Chilmeran. 2020. “Interrogating the ‘Local’ in Women, Peace and Security: Reflections on Research on and in the UK and Iraq.” International Feminist Journal of Politics 22 (4): 596–605. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616742.2020.1803097.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• African Union. 2020. Report on the Implementation of the Women, Peace & Security Agenda in Africa. Accessed February 4, 2023. https://au.int/sites/default/files/documents/42544-doc-WPS_AGENDA_IN_AFRICA_REPORT_2020_ENGLISH_VERSION.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Allen, Matthew G., and Sinclair Dinnen. 2017. “Is the ‘Hybrid Turn’ a ‘Spatial Turn’? A Geographical Perspective on Hybridity and State-formation in the Western Pacific.” Third World Thematics: A TWQ Journal 2 (4): 500–517. https://doi.org/10.1080/23802014.2017.1396910.
   Google Scholar
• Barakat, Sultan, and Sansom Milton. 2020. “Localisation Across the Humanitarian-Development-Peace Nexus.” Journal of Peacebuilding and Development 15 (2): 147–163. https://doi.org/10.1177/1542316620922805.
   Google Scholar
• Björkdahl, Annika, and Susanne Buckley-Zistel. 2022. “Space for Peace: A Research Agenda.” Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding 16 (5): 659–676. https://doi.org/10.1080/17502977.2022.2131194.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Björkdahl, Annika, and Kristine Höglund. 2013. “Precarious Peacebuilding: Friction in Global-local Encounters.” Peacebuilding 1 (3): 289–299. https://doi.org/10.1080/21647259.2013.813170.
   Google Scholar
• Brickell, Katherine. 2015. “Towards Intimate Geographies of Peace? Local Reconciliation of Domestic Violence in Cambodia.” Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 40 (3): 321–333. https://doi.org/10.1111/tran.12086.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brigg, Morgan. 2020. “The Spatial-Relational Challenge: Emplacing the Spatial Turn in Peace and Conflict Studies.” Cooperation and Conflict 55 (4): 535–552. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010836720954479.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brigg, Morgan, and Nicole George. 2020. “Emplacing the spatial turn in peace and conflict studies.” Cooperation and Conflict 55 (4): 409–420. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010836720954488.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brigg, Morgan, Nicole George, and Kate Higgins. 2022. “Making Space for Indigenous Approaches in the Southwest Pacific? The Spatial Politics of Peace Scholarship and Practice.” Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding 16 (5): 545–562. https://doi.org/10.1080/17502977.2022.2139908.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, M Anne. 2020. “The Spatial Turn, Reification and Relational Epistemologies in ‘Knowing About’ Security and Peace.” Cooperation and Conflict 55 (4): 421–441. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010836720954474.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chigudu, Simukai. 2016. “The Social Imaginaries of Women’s Peace Activism in Northern Uganda.” International Feminist Journal of Politics 18 (1): 19–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616742.2015.1105588.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chilmeran, Yasmin. 2022. “Women, Peace and Security Across Scales: Exclusions and Opportunities in Iraq’s WPS Engagements.” International Affairs 98 (2): 747–765. https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiab211.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clarke, Yaliwe, and Constance O’Brien. 2019. “Re-imagining Subversion: Agency and Women’s Peace Activism in Northern Uganda.” In Political Economy of Conflict and Violence Against Women. Cases from the South, edited by Kumudini Samuel, Claire Slatter, and Vagisha Gunasekara, 167–197. London: Zed.
   Google Scholar
• Curtis, Devon E.A., Florence Ebila, and Maria Martin de Almagro. 2022. “Memoirs of Women-in-Conflict: Ugandan Ex-Combatants and the Production of Knowledge on Security and Peacebuilding.” Security Dialogue 53 (5): 402–419. https://doi.org/10.1177/09670106211064040.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FitzGerald, Garrett. 2023. “Unsettling Peace: The Settler-Colonial Challenge to the Local Turn.” Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, https://doi.org/10.1080/17502977.2023.2215134.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flyvbjerg, Bent. 2006. “Five Misunderstandings About Case Study Research.” Qualitative Inquiry 12 (2): 219–245. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800405284363.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forsyth, Miranda. 2017. “Using the Concept of Hybridity to Guide Social Change Through Legal Means.” Third World Thematics: A TWQ Journal 2 (4): 481–499. https://doi.org/10.1080/23802014.2017.1361794.
   Google Scholar
• Forsyth, Miranda, Lia Kent, Sinclair Dinnen, Joanne Wallis, and Srinjoy Bose. 2017. “Hybridity in Peacebuilding and Development: A Critical Approach.” Third World Thematics: A TWQ Journal 2 (4): 407–421. https://doi.org/10.1080/23802014.2017.1448717.
   Google Scholar
• George, Nicole. 2017. “Policing ‘Conjugal Order’: Gender, Hybridity and Vernacular Security in Fiji.” International Feminist Journal of Politics 19 (1): 55–70. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616742.2017.1283248.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• George, Nicole. 2020. “Conflict Transition, Emplaced Identity and the Gendered Politics of Scale in Solomon Islands.” Cooperation and Conflict 55 (4): 518–534. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010836720954476.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• George, Nicole, and Lia Kent. 2017. “Sexual Violence and Hybrid Peacebuilding: How Does Silence ‘Speak’?” Third World Thematics: A TWQ Journal 2 (4): 518–537. https://doi.org/10.1080/23802014.2017.1395710.
   Google Scholar
• Grenfell, Damian. 2020. “Death, Emplaced Security and Space in Contemporary Timor-Leste.” Cooperation and Conflict 55 (4): 461–478. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010836720954486.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guti, Mark. 2022. Reflections from EKISIL’s Women Peace Forum Work in Karamoja (Mercy Corps-EKISIL Program). January. Accessed February 12, 2023. https://www.google.com/search?q = EKISIL%27S+WOMEN+PEACE+FORUM+WORK+IN+KARAMOJA+MERCY+CORPS&rlz = 1C5GCEM_enZA1010ZA1010&oq = EKISIL%27S+WOMEN+PEACE+FORUM+WORK+IN+KARAMOJA+MERCY+CORPS&aqs = chrome..69i57.13042j0j15&sourceid = chrome&ie = UTF-8.
   Google Scholar
• Haastrup, Toni, and Jamie J. Hagen. 2020. “Global Racial Hierarchies and the Limits of Localization via National Action Plans.” In New Directions in Women, Peace and Security, edited by Soumita Basu, Paul Kirby, and Laura Shepherd, 133–151. Bristol: Bristol University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hudson, Heidi. 2016. “Subversion of an Ordinary Kind: Gender, Security and Everyday Theory in Africa.” In Africa in Global International Relations. Emerging Approaches to Theory and Practice, edited by Paul-Henri Bischoff, Kwesi Aning, and Amitav Acharya, 43–63. London/New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Jones, Katelyn. 2020. “Using Local Action Plans as Pathways to Inclusive Peace and Security.” IPI Global Observatory.
   Google Scholar
• Kirby, Paul, and Laura J. Shepherd. 2021. “Women, Peace and Security: Mapping the (Re)Production of a Policy Ecosystem.” Journal of Global Security Studies 6 (3): 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1093/jogss/ogaa045.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitgum District Local Government. 2021. Five Year Local Action Plan (LAP) on Ending All Forms of Conflicts and Violence 2021-2025. https://www.coact1325.org/local-action-plans/.
   Google Scholar
• Lefebvre, Henri. [1974] 1991. The Production of Space. Translated by Donald Nicholson-Smith. Oxford: Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Lewis, Martin W., and Kären E. Wigen. 1997. The Myth of Continents. A Critique of Metageography. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lugones, Marìa. 2010. “Towards a Decolonial Feminism.” Hypatia 25 (4): 742–759. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.2010.01137.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luwangula, Ronald, Janestic M. Twikirize, and Justus Twesigye. 2019. “Traditional Fostering in a Post-Conflict Context: The Case of Laroo-Pece Women’s Association in Northern Uganda.” In Social Work Practice in Africa: Indigenous and Innovative Approaches, edited by Janestic Mwende Twikirize, and Helmut Spitzer, 161–179. Kampala: Fountain Publishers. Accessed October 4, 2021. https://bettercarenetwork.org/sites/default/files/2021-01/Twikirize_Spitzer_SocialworkpracticeinAfrica.Indigenousandinnovativeapproaches.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Mac Ginty, Roger. 2010. “Hybrid Peace: The Interaction between Top-Down and Bottom-Up Peace.” Security Dialogue 41 (4): 391–412. https://doi.org/10.1177/0967010610374312.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mac Ginty, Roger, and Oliver Richmond. 2013. “The Local Turn in Peace Building: A Critical Agenda for Peace.” Third World Quarterly 34 (5): 763–783. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2013.800750.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madsen, Højlund Diana. 2018. “‘Localising the Global’: Resolution 1325 as a Tool for Promoting Women’s Rights and Gender Equality in Rwanda.” Women’s Studies International Forum 66: 70–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2017.11.011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahon, Rianne. 2006. “Of Scalar Hierarchies and Welfare Redesign: Child Care in Three Canadian Cities.” Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 31 (4): 452–466. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-5661.2006.00221.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manyonganise, Molly. 2015. “Oppressive and Liberative: A Zimbabwean Woman’s Reflections on Ubuntu.” Verbum et Ecclesia 36 (2): 1–7.
   Google Scholar
• Martin, Laura S. 2021. “Deconstructing the Local in Peacebuilding Practice: Representations and Realities of Fambul Tok in Sierra Leone.” Third World Quarterly 42 (2): 385–401. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2020.1825071.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Massey, Doreen. 1994. Space, Place and Gender. Cambridge/Malden: Polity Press.
   Google Scholar
• Massey, Doreen. 2004. “Geographies of Responsibility.” Geografiska Annaler. Series B, Human Geography 86 (1): 5–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0435-3684.2004.00150.x.
   Google Scholar
• Massey, Doreen. 2005. For Space. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• McLeod, Laura. 2015. “A Feminist Approach to Hybridity: Understanding Local and International Interactions in Producing Post-Conflict Gender Security.” Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding 9 (1): 48–69. https://doi.org/10.1080/17502977.2014.980112.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mendoza, Breny. 2016. “Coloniality of Gender and Power: From Postcoloniality to Decoloniality.” In The Oxford Handbook of Feminist Theory, edited by Lisa Disch, and Mary Hawkesworth, 1–24. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Messerschmidt, Maike, and Hendrik Quest. 2020. “Peacebuilding Measures and the Transformation of Masculinities: Looking at Liberia and Uganda.” In Gender Roles in Peace and Security: Prevent, Protect, Participate, edited by Manuela Scheuermann, and Anja Zürn, 79–100. Cham: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Mohanty, Chandra. 1988. “Under Western Eyes: Feminist Scholarship and Colonial Discourses.” Feminist Review 30 (1): 61–88. https://doi.org/10.1057/fr.1988.42.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mupedziswa, Rodreck, Morena Rankopo, and Lengwe-Katembula Mwansa. 2019. “Ubuntu as a Pan-African Philosophical Framework for Social Work in Africa.” In Social Work Practice in Africa: Indigenous and Innovative Approaches, edited by Janestic Mwende Twikirize, and Helmut Spitzer, 21–38. Kampala: Fountain Publishers. Accessed October 4, 2021. https://bettercarenetwork.org/sites/default/files/2021-01/Twikirize_Spitzer_SocialworkpracticeinAfrica.Indigenousandinnovativeapproaches.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Nayak, Meghana, and Jennifer Suchland. 2006. “Gender Violence and Hegemonic Projects: Introduction.” International Feminist Journal of Politics 8 (4): 467–485. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616740600945024.
   Google Scholar
• Nkealah, Naomi. 2016. “(West) African Feminisms and Their Challenges.” Journal of Literary Studies 32 (2): 61–74. https://doi.org/10.1080/02564718.2016.1198156.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nnaemeka, Obioma. 2004. “Nego Feminism: Theorizing, Practicing, and Pruning Africa’s Way.” Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 29 (2): 357–385. https://doi.org/10.1086/378553.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Omach, Paul. 2016. “Civil Society Organizations and Local-Level Peacebuilding in Northern Uganda.” Journal of Asian and African Studies 51 (1): 77–96. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021909614552916.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parashar, Swati. 2019. “The WPS Agenda: A Postcolonial Critique.” In The Oxford Handbook of Women, Peace and Security, edited by Sara E. Davis, and Jacqui True, 829–840. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Peacewomen. n.d. http://1325naps.peacewomen.org/.
   Google Scholar
• Peterson, Jenny H. 2012. “A Conceptual Unpacking of Hybridity: Accounting for Notions of Power, Politics and Progress in Analyses of Aid-Driven Interfaces.” Journal of Peacebuilding & Development 7 (2): 9–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/15423166.2012.742802.
   Google Scholar
• Popovic, Nicola, Minna Lyytikainen, and Corey Barr. 2010. Planning for Action on Women and Peace and Security: National-Level Implementation of Resolution 1325 (2000). New York/London: UN and International Alert.
   Google Scholar
• Quayson, Ato. 2020. “Introduction: Postcolonial Spatialities.” Interventions 22 (8): 967–976. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369801X.2020.1843519.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Republic of Uganda, Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development. 2021. National Action Plan III on Women, Peace and Security 2021-2025. March. Accessed December 7, 2022. http://1325naps.peacewomen.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Uganda-2021-2025.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Robinson, Fiona. 2011. The Ethics of Care. A Feminist Approach to Human Security. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Shepherd, Laura L. 2017. Gender, UN Peacebuilding, and the Politics of Space: Locating Legitimacy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Shepherd, Laura J. 2020. “Situating Women, Peace and Security: Theorizing from ‘the Local’.” International Feminist Journal of Politics 22 (4): 456–461. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616742.2020.1796262.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soja, Edward W. 1989. Postmodern Geographies: The Reassertion of Space in Critical Social Theory. London: Verso.
   Google Scholar
• Stites, Elizabeth. 2013. “A Struggle for Rites. Masculinity, Violence, and Livelihoods in Karamoja, Uganda.” In Gender, Violence, and Human Security. Critical Feminist Perspectives, edited by Aili Mari Tripp, Myra Marx Ferree and Chistina Ewig, 132–162. New York: New York University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Tamale, Sylvia. 2020. Decolonization and Afro-Feminism. Ottawa: Daraja Press.
   Google Scholar
• Tripp, Aili Mari. 2023. “The Instrumentalization of Women Opposition Leaders for Authoritarian Regime Entrenchment: The Case of Uganda.” Politics and Governance 11 (1): 152–163. https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v11i1.6138.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Twesigye, Justus, Janestic M. Twikirize, Ronald Luwangula, and Stanley Kitimbo. 2019. “Building Resilience through Indigenous Mechanisms: The Case of Bataka Groups in Western Uganda.” In Social Work Practice in Africa: Indigenous and Innovative Approaches, edited by Janestic Mwende Twikirize and Helmut Spitzer, 145–160. Kampala: Fountain Publishers. Accessed October 4, 2021. https://bettercarenetwork.org/sites/default/files/2021-01/Twikirize_Spitzer_SocialworkpracticeinAfrica.Indigenousandinnovativeapproaches.pdf
   Google Scholar
• UN Women. 2015. Preventing Conflict, Transforming Justice, Securing the Peace: A Global Study on the Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325.
   Google Scholar
• Wallis, Joanne. 2020. “Displaced Security? The Relationships, Routines and Rhythms of Peacebuilding Interveners.” Cooperation and Conflict 55 (4): 479–496. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010836720954472.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallis, Joanne, and Oliver Richmond. 2017. “From Constructivist to Critical Engagement with Peacebuilding: Implications for Hybrid Peace.” Third World Thematics: A TWQ Journal 2 (4): 422–445. https://doi.org/10.1080/23802014.2016.1309990.
   Google Scholar
• Women’s International Peace Centre. n.d. “Women at the Centre of Sustaining Peace in Uganda.” Accessed March 24, 2023. https://wipc.org/women-at-the-centre-of-sustaining-peace-in-uganda/?utm_source.
   Google Scholar
• Wrede, Theda. 2015. “Introduction to Special Issue: “Theorizing Space and Gender in the 21st Century”.” Rocky Mountain Review 69 (1): 10–17. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24372860.
   Google Scholar
• Yumbe District Local Government. 2021. Local Action Plan on Prevention of All Forms of Conflict and Violence 2020/2021 2024/2025. https://www.coact1325.org/local-action-plans/.
   Google Scholar