8,877
Views
108
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Well-being in competitive sports—The feel-good factor? A review of conceptual considerations of well-being

Pages 109-127 | Received 03 Nov 2010, Accepted 31 Mar 2011, Published online: 03 Jun 2011

References

  • Adie , J.W. , Duda , J.L. and Ntoumanis , N. 2008 . Achievement goals, competition appraisals, and the psychological and emotional welfare of sports participants . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 30 : 302 – 322 .
  • Amorose , A.J. , Anderson-Butcher , D. and Cooper , J. 2009 . Predicting changes in athletes’ well being from changes in need satisfaction over the course of a competitive season . Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport , 80 : 386 – 392 .
  • Bartholomew , K.J. , Ntoumanis , N. , Ryan , R.M. and Thogersen-Ntoumani , C. 2011 . Psychological need thwarting in the sport context: Assessing the darker side of athletic experience . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 33 : 75 – 102 .
  • Blanchard , C.M. , Amiot , C.E. , Perreault , S. , Vallerand , R.J. and Provencher , P. 2009 . Cohesiveness, coach's interpersonal style and psychological needs: Their effects on self-determination and athletes’ subjective well-being . Psychology of Sport and Exercise , 10 : 545 – 551 .
  • Brady , A. and Shambrook , C. 2003 . Towards an understanding of elite athlete quality of life: a phenomenological study . Journal of Sports Sciences , 21 : 341 – 342 .
  • Cantril , H. 1965 . The pattern of human concerns , New Brunswick, NJ : Rutgers University Press .
  • Chen , S-T. and Chan , A.C.M. 2005 . Measuring psychological well-being in the Chinese . Personality and Individual Differences , 38 : 1307 – 1316 .
  • Clark , P.J. , Marshall , V.W. , Ryff , C.D. and Wheaton , B. 2001 . Measuring psychological well-being in the Canadian study of health and aging . Canadian Journal of Aging , 19 : 139 – 159 .
  • Coakley , J. 2007 . Sports in society: Issues and controversies , (9 thed.) . Boston : McGraw Hill .
  • Cummins , R.A. , Eckersley , R. , Kai Lo , S. , Okerstrom , E. , Hunter , B. , & Woerner , J. 2004 . Australian unity wellbeing index survey 12, part A: The report, the wellbeing of Australians – job security . Melbourne : Australian Centre on Quality of Life Retrieved from: http://www.deakin.edu.au/research/acqol/auwbi/survey-reports/survey-012-report-part-a.pdf
  • Daniels , K. 2000 . Measures of five aspects of affective well-being at work . Human Relations , 53 : 275 – 294 .
  • Derogatis , L.R. 1983 . SCL-90R: Administration, scoring and procedures manual-II , Towson, MD : Clinical Psychometric Research .
  • Diener , E. 2009 . “ Subjective well-being ” . In Social Indicators of Research Series. The science of well-being , Edited by: Diener , E. Vol. 37 , 11 – 58 . New York : Springer Science +Business Media B.V .
  • Diener , E. , & Biswas-Diener , R. 2009 . Will money increase subjective well-being? A literature review and guide to needed research . Diener , Social Indicators of Research Series. The science of well-being . 37 , 119 – 154 ). New York : Springer Science + Business Media B.V
  • Diener , E. and Emmons , R.A. 1984 . The independence of positive and negative affect . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 47 : 1105 – 1017 .
  • Diener , E. , Emmons , R.A. , Larsen , R.J. and Griffin , S. 1985 . The Satisfaction With Life Scale . Journal of Personality Assessment , 49 : 71 – 75 .
  • Diener , E. , Lucas , R.E. and Oishi , S. 2005 . “ Subjective well-being ” . In Handbook of positive psychology , Edited by: Snyder , C.R. and Lopez , S.J. 63 – 73 . New York : Oxford University Press, Inc .
  • Diener , E. , Lucas , R.E. and Scollon , S. 2003 . The evolving concept of subjective well-being: the multifaceted nature of happiness . Advances in Cell Aging and Gerontology , 15 : 187 – 219 .
  • Diener , E. , Oishi , S. and Lucas , R.E. 2009 . “ Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and life satisfaction ” . In Oxford handbook of positive psychology , 2nd ed , Edited by: Lopez , S.J. and Snyder , C.R. 187 – 194 . New York : Oxford University Press, Inc .
  • Diener , E. , Suh , E.M. , Lucas , R.E. and Smith , H.L. 1999 . Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress . Psychological Bulletin , 125 : 276 – 302 .
  • Duda , J.L. and Nicholls , J.G. 1992 . Dimensions of achievement motivation in schoolwork and sport . Journal of Educational Psychology , 84 : 290 – 299 .
  • Durand-Bush , N. and Salmela , J.H. 2002 . The development and maintenance of expert athletic performance: Perceptions of world and Olympic champions . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 14 : 154 – 171 .
  • Edwards , D.J. and Steyn , B.J.M. 2008 . Sport psychological skills training and psychological well-being . South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation , 30 : 15 – 28 .
  • Emmons , R.A. 1991 . Personal strivings, daily life events, and psychological and physical well-being . Journal of Personality , 59 : 453 – 472 .
  • Fletcher , D. and Wagstaff , C.R.D. 2009 . Organizational psychology in elite sport: Its emergence, application and future . Psychology of Sport and Exercise , 10 : 427 – 434 .
  • Fredrickson , B.L. 2005 . “ Positive emotions ” . In Handbook of positive psychology , Edited by: Snyder , C.R. and Lopez , S.J. 120 – 147 . New York : Oxford University Press, Inc .
  • Gagné, M., Ryan, R. M., & Bargmann, K. (2003). Autonomy support and need satisfaction in the motivation and well-being of gymnasts. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 15, 372–390.
  • Gould , D. and Carson , S. 2008 . Life skills development through sport: current status and future directions . International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology , 1 : 58 – 78 .
  • Gould , D. , Dieffenbach , K. and Moffett , A. 2002 . Psychological characteristics and their development in Olympic champions . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 14 : 172 – 204 .
  • Goldberg , D. P. and Williams , P. 1988 . A user's guide to the General Health Questionnaire , Windsor, , UK : NFER-Nelson .
  • Gurin , G. , Veroff , J. and Feld , S. 1960 . Americans view their mental health , New York : Basic Books .
  • Headey , B. 2008 . The set-point theory of well-being: Negative results and consequent revisions . Social Indicators Research , 85 : 389 – 403 .
  • Jones , M.V. , Meijen , C. , McCarthy , P.J. and Sheffield , D. 2009 . A theory of challenge and threat states in athletes . International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology , 2 : 161 – 180 .
  • Jowett , S. and Cramer , D. 2009 . The role of romantic relationships on athletes’ performance and well-being . Journal of Clinical Sports Psychology , 3 : 58 – 72 .
  • Kerr , G.A. and Goss , J.D. 1997 . Personal control in elite gymnasts: the relationships between locus of control, self-esteem, and trait anxiety . Journal of Sport Behavior , 20 : 69 – 82 .
  • Keyes , C.L.M. 1998 . Social well-being . Social Psychological Quarterly , 61 : 121 – 140 .
  • Keyes , C.L.M. 2005 . Mental illness and/or mental health? Investigating the axioms of the complete state model of health . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 73 : 539 – 548 .
  • Keyes , C. L. M. 2009 . Atlanta: Brief description of the mental health continuum short form (MHC-SF) . Retrieved from: http://www.sociology.emory.edu/ckeyes/
  • Keyes , C.L.M. and Lopez , S.J. 2005 . “ Toward a science of mental health. Positive directions in diagnosis and interventions ” . In Handbook of positive psychology , Edited by: Snyder , C.R. and Lopez , S.J. 43 – 59 . New York : Oxford University Press, Inc .
  • Keyes , C.L.M. and Magyar-Moe , J.L. 2003 . “ The measurement and utility of adult subjective well-being ” . In Positive psychological assessments. A handbook of models and measures , Edited by: Lopez , S.J. and Snyder , C.R. 411 – 425 . Washington, DC : American Psychological Association .
  • Keyes , C.L.M. , Shmotkin , D. and Ryff , C.D. 2002 . Optimizing well-being: The empirical encounter of two traditions . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 82 : 1007 – 1022 .
  • Kwan , C.M.L. , Love , G.D. , Ryff , C.D. and Essex , M.J. 2003 . The role of self-enhancing evaluations in a successful life transition . Psychology and Aging , 18 : 3 – 12 .
  • Lundqvist , C. and Kenttä , G. 2010 . Positive emotions are not simply the absence of the negative ones: Development and validation of the Emotional Recovery Questionnaire (EmRecQ) . The Sport Psychologist , 24 : 468 – 488 .
  • Lyubomirsky , S. , Sheldon , K.M. and Schkade , D. 2005 . Pursuing happiness: The architecture of sustainable change . Review of General Psychology , 9 : 111 – 131 .
  • Lucas , R.E. , Diener , E. and Suh , E. 1996 . Discriminant validity of well-being measures . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 71 : 616 – 628 .
  • Maddux , J.E. 2005 . “ Stopping the ‘madness’: Positive psychology and the deconstruction of the illness ideology and the DSM ” . In Handbook of positive psychology , Edited by: Snyder , C.R. and Lopez , S.J. 13 – 25 . New York : Oxford University Press, Inc .
  • Malinauskas , R. 2010 . The associations among social support, stress, and life satisfaction as perceived by injured college athletes . Social Behavior and Personality , 38 : 741 – 752 .
  • Marsh , H.W. , Richards , G.E. , Johnson , S. , Roche , L. and Tremayne , P. 1994 . Physical Self-description Questionnaire: Psychometric properties and a multitrait-multimethod analysis of relations to existing instruments . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 16 : 270 – 305 .
  • Millard , L. 1996 . Differences in coaching behaviors of male and female high school soccer coaches . Journal of Sport Behavior , 19 : 19 – 31 .
  • Miller , K.E. and Hoffman , J.H. 2009 . Mental well-being and sport-related identities in college students . Sociology of Sport Journal , 26 : 335 – 356 .
  • Morgan , W.P. 1985 . “ Selected psychological factors limiting performance: a mental health model ” . In Limits of human performance , Edited by: Clarke , D.H. and Eckert , H.M. 70 – 80 . Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics .
  • Page , K.M. and Vella-Brodrick , D.A. 2009 . The ‘what’, ‘why’ and ‘how’ of employee well-being: A new model . Social Indicators Research , 90 : 441 – 458 .
  • Podlog , L. , Lochbaum , M. and Stevens , T. 2010 . Need satisfaction, well-being, and perceived return-to-sport outcomes among injured athletes . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 22 : 167 – 182 .
  • Radloff . L.S. 1977 . The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population . Applied Psychological Measurement , 1 , 385 – 401 .
  • Raedeke , T.D. and Smith , A.L. 2001 . Development and preliminary validation of an athlete burnout measure . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 23 : 281 – 306 .
  • Reinboth , M. and Duda , J.L. 2006 . Perceived motivational climate, need satisfaction and indices of well-being in team sports: A longitudinal perspective . Psychology of Sport and Exercise , 7 : 269 – 286 .
  • Reinboth , M. , Duda , J.L. and Ntoumanis , N. 2004 . Dimensions of coaching behavior, need satisfaction, and the psychological and physical welfare of young athletes . Motivation and Emotion , 28 : 297 – 313 .
  • Riemer , H.A. and Chelladurai , P. 1998 . Development of the Athlete Satisfaction Questionnaire (ASQ) . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 20 : 127 – 156 .
  • Rice , R.W. , Near , J.P. and Hunt , R.G. 1980 . The job-satisfaction/life-satisfaction relationship: A review of empirical research . Basic and Applied Social Psychology , 1 : 37 – 64 .
  • Ridnour , H. and Hammermeister , J. 2008 . Spiritual well-being and its influence on athletic coping profiles . Journal of Sport Behavior , 31 : 81 – 92 .
  • Rode , J.C. 2004 . Job satisfaction and life satisfaction: A longitudinal test of an integrated model . Human Relations , 57 : 1205 – 1230 .
  • Rosenberg , M. 1965 . Society and the adolescent self-image , Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press .
  • Ruoff , M.K. 1995 . A literature review investigating the relationship between sports participation and psychological well-being . Doctoral research paper, Biola University, California .
  • Ryan , R.M. and Bargman , K. 2003 . Autonomy support and need satisfaction in the motivation and well-being of gymnasts . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 15 : 372 – 390 .
  • Ryan , R.M. and Deci , E.L. 2001 . On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being . Annual Review of Psychology , 52 : 141 – 166 .
  • Ryan , R.M. and Frederick , C. 1997 . On energy, personality, and health: Subjective vitality as a dynamic reflection of well-being . Journal of Personality , 65 : 529 – 565 .
  • Ryff , C.D. 1989 . Happiness is everything, or is it? Exploration on the meaning of psychological well-being . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 57 : 1069 – 1081 .
  • Ryff , C.D. and Keyes , C.L.M. 1995 . The structure of psychological well-being revisited . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 69 : 719 – 727 .
  • Ryff , C.D. and Singer , B.H. 2006 . Best news yet on the six-factor model of well-being . Social Science Research , 35 : 1103 – 1119 .
  • Ryff , C.D. , Singer , B.H. and Dienberg Love , G. 2004 . Positive health: Connecting well-being with biology . Philosophical Transaction of the Royal Society of London. Series, B, Biological Sciences , 359 : 1383 – 1394 .
  • Ryska , T.A. and Yin , Z. 1999 . Testing the buffering hypothesis: Perceptions of coach support and pre-competitive anxiety among male and female high school athletes . Current Psychology , 18 : 381 – 393 .
  • Schwartz , N. and Strack , F. 1999 . “ Reports of subjective well-being: Judgment processes and their methodological implications ” . In Foundation of hedonic psychology: Scientific perspectives on enjoyment and suffering , Edited by: Kahneman , D. , Diener , E. and Schwartz , N. 61 – 84 . New York : Russell Sage Foundation .
  • Seligman , M.E.P. , Steen , T.A. , Park , N. and Peterson , C. 2005 . Positive psychology progress: Empirical validation of interventions . American Psychologist , 60 : 410 – 421 .
  • Sheldon , K.M. and Lyubomirsky , S. 2006a . Achieving sustainable gains in happiness: Change your actions not your circumstances . Journal of Happiness Studies , 7 : 55 – 86 .
  • Sheldon , K.M. and Lyubomirsky , S. 2006b . How to increase and sustain positive emotion: The effects of expressing gratitude and visualizing best possible selves . Journal of Positive Psychology , 1 : 73 – 82 .
  • Smith , A. , Ntoumanis , N. and Duda , J. 2007 . Goal striving, goal attainment, and well-being: Adapting and testing the self-concordance model in sport . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 29 : 763 – 782 .
  • Smith , A. , Ntoumanis , N. and Duda , J. 2010 . An investigation of coach behaviors, goal motives, and implementations as predictors of well-being in sport . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 22 : 17 – 33 .
  • Smith , A.L. , Ntoumanis , N. , Duda , J.L. and Vansteenkiste , M. 2011 . Goal striving, coping, and well-being: A prospective investigation of the self-concordance model in sport . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 33 : 124 – 145 .
  • Solberg , P.A. and Halvari , H. 2009 . Perceived autonomy support, personal goal content, and emotional well-being among elite athletes: Mediating effects of reasons for goals . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 108 : 721 – 743 .
  • Springer , K.W. and Hauser , R.M. 2006 . An assessment of the construct validity of Ryff's scales of psychological well-being: method, mode, and measurement effects . Social Science Research , 35 : 1079 – 1101 .
  • Springer , K.W. , Hauser , R.M. and Freese , J. 2006 . Bad news indeed for Ryff's six-factor model of well-being . Social Science Research , 35 : 1120 – 1131 .
  • Stephan , Y. , Bilard , J. , Ninot , G. and Deligniéres , D. 2003 . Depercussion of transition out of elite sport on subjective well-being: A one-year study . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 15 : 354 – 371 .
  • Tracey , J. and Elcombe , T. 2004 . A lifetime of healthy meaningful movement: Have we forgotten the athletes? . Quest , 56 : 241 – 260 .
  • Vallerand , R.J. 1997 . “ Toward a hierarchical model of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation ” . In Advances in experimental social psychology , Edited by: Zanna , M. Vol. 29 , 271 – 360 . New York : Academic Press .
  • Van Dierendonck , D. 2004 . The construct validity of Ryff's scales of psychological well-being and its extension with spiritual well-being . Personality and Individual Differences , 36 : 629 – 643 .
  • Vansteenkiste , M. , Mouratidis , A. and Lens , W. 2010 . Detaching reasons from aims: Fair play and well-being in soccer as a function of pursuing performance-approach goals for autonomous or controlling reasons . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 32 : 217 – 242 .
  • Watson , D. , Clark , L.A. and Tellegen , A. 1988 . Development and validation of a brief measure of positive and negative affect: The PANAS Scales . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 54 : 1063 – 1070 .
  • Wiese-Bjornsal , D. M. 2009 . Sport injury and college athlete health across the lifespan . Journal of Intercollegiate Sports , 2 : 64 – 80 .
  • Williams , J.M. 2009 . Applied sport psychology: Personal growth to peak performance (6 th ed.) . London : McGraw-Hill Higher Education .
  • Wrisberg , C.A. 1996 . Quality of life for male and female elite athletes . Quest , 48 : 392 – 408 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.