Reported needs of information resources, research tools, connectivity and infrastructure among African Pharmacological Scientists to improve future patient care and health

References

• Oyelaran-Oyeyinka B. The state and innovation policy in Africa. Afr J Sci Technol Innovation Dev. 2014;6(5):481–496.
   Google Scholar
• Worldometers. African countries by population. 2018. cited 2018 Nov 10. Available from: http://www.worldometers.info/population/countries-in-africa-by-population/
   Google Scholar
• The Economist. Science in Africa On the rise. Scientific research in Africa is gathering momentum. cited 2018 Oct 8. Available from: https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2014/08/09/on-the-rise
   Google Scholar
• Kokwaro G, Kariuki S. Medical research in Africa: problems and some solutions. Malawi Med J. 2001;13(3):40.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KPMG. The state of healthcare in Africa. cited 2018 Oct 8. Available from: http://www.blog.kpmgafrica.com/state-healthcare-in-africa-report/
   Google Scholar
• Cameron A, Ewen M, Ross-Degnan D, et al. Medicine prices, availability, and affordability in 36 developing and middle-income countries: a secondary analysis. Lancet. 2009;373(9659):240–249.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ofori-Asenso R, Agyeman AA. Irrational use of medicines—A summary of key concepts. Pharmacy. 2016;4:35.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ataklte F, Erqou S, Kaptoge S, et al. Burden of undiagnosed hypertension in sub-saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hypertension. 2015;65(2):291–298.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray CJ, Ortblad KF, Guinovart C, et al. Global, regional, and national incidence and mortality for HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria during 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2013. Lancet. 2014;384(9947):1005–1070.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nyirenda MJ. Non-communicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: understanding the drivers of the epidemic to inform intervention strategies. Int Health. 2016 May;8(3):157–158.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO. GLOBAL TUBERCULOSIS REPORT. 2016. cited 2019 Apr 01. Available from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/250441/1/9789241565394-eng.pdf?ua=1
   Google Scholar
• Ijsselmuiden C, Marais DL, Becerra-Posada F, et al. Africa‘s neglected area of human resources for health research - the way forward. South Afr Med J. 2012;102(4):228–233.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Airhihenbuwa CO, Shisana O, Zungu N, et al. Research capacity building: a US-South African partnership. Glob Health Promot. 2011;18(2):27–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Binagwaho A, Nutt CT, Mutabazi V, et al. Shared learning in an interconnected world: innovations to advance global health equity. Global Health. 2013;9(1):37.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Meyer JC, Schellack N, Stokes J, et al. Ongoing initiatives to improve the quality and efficiency of medicine use within the public healthcare system in South Africa; a preliminary study. Front Pharmacol. 2017;8:751.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tiroyakgosi C, Matome M, Summers E, et al. Ongoing initiatives to improve the use of antibiotics in Botswana: university of Botswana symposium meeting report. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2018;16(5):381–384.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wesangula E, Guantai A, Oluka M KENYAN NATIONAL ACTION PLAN ON ANTIMICROBIALS. 3rd MURIA training workshops and symposium. [cited 2018 Nov 19]. Available from: file:///C:/Users/mail/Downloads/Kenyan-NAP-Antimicrobials-EWesangula%252c-AGuantai%252c-MOluka.pd
   Google Scholar
• Siegel ER, Royall J, Bennett M. Enhancing communications and connectivity in Africa: the multilateral initiative on malaria (MIM) model. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2001;84(Pt 1):48–52.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Winchester MS, BeLue R, Oni T, et al. The Pan-University network for global health: framework for collaboration and review of global health needs. Global Health. 2016;12:13–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horizon 2020. Developing the European infrastructures for 2020 and beyond. cited 2018 Nov 20. Available from: https://ec.europa.eu/programmes/horizon2020/en/area/research-infrastructures
   Google Scholar
• Jahangirian M, Taylor SJE. Profiling e-health projects in Africa: trends and funding patterns. Inf Dev. 2013;31(3):199–218.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spyridonis F, Taylor SJE, Abbott P, et al. A study on the state-of-the-art of e-Infrastructures uptake in Africa. Palgrave Commun. 2015;1:14007–14022.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trans Africa Network Development (TANDEM) and The West and Central Africa Research and Education Network (WACREN) project. cited 2018 Nov 20. Available from: http://www.tandem-wacren.eu/
   Google Scholar
• Nilseng J, Gustafsson LL, Nungu A, et al. A cross-sectional pilot study assessing needs and attitudes to implementation of information and communication technology for rational use of medicines among healthcare staff in rural Tanzania. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2014;14:78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Machingura PI, Adekola O, Mueni E, et al. Perceived value of applying information communication technology to implement guidelines in developing countries; an online questionnaire study among public health workers. Online J Public Health Inform. 2014;6(2):e180–e.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hor CP, O‘Donnell JM, Murphy AW, et al. General practitioners‘ attitudes and preparedness towards Clinical Decision Support in e-Prescribing (CDS-eP) adoption in the West of Ireland: a cross sectional study. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2010;10(1):2.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Deutsch JE, Romney W, Reynolds J, et al. Validity and usability of a professional association‘s web-based knowledge translation portal: American Physical Therapy Association‘s PTNow.org. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2015;15:79.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Formoso G, Rizzini P, Bassi M, et al. Knowledge transfer: what drug information would specialist doctors need to support their clinical practice? Results of a survey and of three focus groups in Italy. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2016;16:115.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Massele A, Godman B, Adorka M, et al. Initiative to progress research on medicine utilization in Africa: formation of the medicines utilization research in Africa group. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2015;15(4):607–610.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Massele A, Burger J, Katende-Kyenda NL, et al. Outcome of the first medicines utilization research in Africa group meeting to promote sustainable and rational medicine use in Africa. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2015;15(6):885–888.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• African grid science gateway - Pharmacological Science Gateway (APSG). 2018 Nov 18. Available from: http://sgw.africa-grid.org/pharmacology-science-gateway
   Google Scholar
• WACREN: research tools need assessments of biomedical professionals and researchers across Africa. Available from: http://wacren.net/surveys/index.php/566793/lag-en(ID 566793)
   Google Scholar
• Massele A, Burger J, Kalemeera F, et al. Outcome of the second medicines utilisation research in Africa group meeting to promote sustainable and appropriate medicine use in Africa. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2017;17(2):149–152.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fryrear A What’s a good survey response rate? SurveyGizmo. cited 2018 Nov 16. Available from: https://www.surveygizmo.com/resources/blog/survey-response-rates/
   Google Scholar
• Holloway K, van Dijk L The world medicines situation 2011: rational use of medicines. World Health Organization 2011. Available from: file:///C:/Users/mail/Desktop/My%20documents/Antibiotic%20references/WHO%20Report%202011%20on%20Medicine%20Use.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Fadare JO, Ogunleye O, Obiako R, et al. Drug and therapeutics committees in Nigeria: evaluation of scope and functionality. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2018;11(12):1255–1262.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fadare JO, Oshikoya KA, Ogunleye OO, et al. Drug promotional activities in Nigeria: impact on the prescribing patterns and practices of medical practitioners and the implications. Hosp Pract (1995). 2018;46(2):77–87.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mashaba TP, Matlala M, Godman B, et al. Implementation and monitoring of decisions by pharmacy and therapeutics committees in South African public sector hospitals. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2018 Nov 8:1–10. Epub ahead of print. DOI:10.1080/17512433.2018.1545572
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matlala M, Gous AG, Godman B, et al. Structure and activities of pharmacy and therapeutics committees among public hospitals in South Africa; findings and implications. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2017;10(11):1273–1280.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terblanche A, Meyer JC, Godman B, et al. Knowledge, attitudes and perspective on adverse drug reaction reporting in a public sector hospital in South Africa: baseline analysis. Hosp Pract (1995). 2017;45(5):238–245.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Terblanche A, Meyer JC, Godman B, et al. Impact of a pharmacist-driven pharmacovigilance system in a secondary hospital in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. Hosp Pract (1995). 2018;46(4):221–228.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fadare JO, Ogunleye O, Iliyasu G, et al. Status of antimicrobial stewardship programs in Nigerian tertiary healthcare facilities; findings and implications. J Global Antimicrob Resist. 2019;17:132–136.
   Google Scholar
• Ogunleye OO, Fadare JO, Yinka-Ogunleye AF, et al. Determinants of antibiotic prescribing among doctors in a Nigerian urban tertiary hospital. Hosp Pract. 2019;47(1):53–58.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schellack N, Bronkhorst E, Coetzee R, et al. SASOCP position statement on the pharmacist’s role in antibiotic stewardship 2018. South Afr J Infect Dis. 2018;33(1):28–35.
   Google Scholar
• Irazola VE, Gutierrez L, Bloomfield G, et al. Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in selected LMIC communities: results from the NHLBI/UHG network of centers of excellence for chronic diseases. Glob Heart. 2016;11(1):47–59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mbui JM, Oluka MN, Guantai EM, et al. Prescription patterns and adequacy of blood pressure control among adult hypertensive patients in Kenya; findings and implications. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2017;10(11):1263–1271.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ofori-Asenso R, Agyeman AA, Laar A, et al. Overweight and obesity epidemic in Ghana-a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health. 2016;16(1):1239.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Onyenekwu CP, Dada AO, Babatunde OT. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components among overweight and obese Nigerian adolescents and young adults. Niger J Clin Pract. 2017;20(6):670–676.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lloyd-Sherlock P, Beard J, Minicuci N, et al. Hypertension among older adults in low- and middle-income countries: prevalence, awareness and control. Int J Epidemiol. 2014;43(1):116–128.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rwegerera GM, Moshomo T, Gaenamong M, et al. Antidiabetic medication adherence and associated factors among patients in Botswana; implications for the future. Alexandria J Med. 2018;54(2):103–109.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rampamba EM, Meyer JC, Godman B, et al. Evaluation of antihypertensive adherence and its determinants at primary healthcare facilities in rural South Africa. J Comp Eff Res. 2018;7(7):661–672.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moosa A, Bezuidenhout S, Meyer JC, et al. Knowledge regarding medicines management of type-2 diabetes among patients attending a community health centre in South Africa. J Pharm Health Serv Res. 2019;10:13–21.
   Google Scholar
• Jande M, Katabalo DM, Sravanam P, et al. Patient-related beliefs and adherence toward their medications among the adult hypertensive outpatients in Tanzania. J Comp Eff Res. 2017.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nashilongo MM, Singu B, Kalemeera F, et al. Assessing adherence to antihypertensive therapy in primary health care in Namibia: findings and implications. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2017;31(5–6):565–578.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaida R, Truter I, Grobler C, et al. A review of trials investigating efavirenz-induced neuropsychiatric side effects and the implications. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2016;14(4):377–388.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalemeera F, Mbango C, Mubita M, et al. Effect of changing from first- to second-line antiretroviral therapy on renal function: a retrospective study based on data from a single health facility in Namibia. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2016;14(8):777–783.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ngambi PG, Kalungia AC, Law MR, et al. Evidence on the cost-effectiveness of lifelong antiretroviral therapy for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: implications for resource-limited countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2017;17(5):459–467.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vagiri RV, Meyer JC, Godman B, et al. Relationship between adherence and health-related quality of life among HIV-patients in South Africa: findings and implications. J AIDS HIV Res. 2018;10(8):121–132.
   Google Scholar
• ISPE. Africa chapter - Established May 2018. cited 2018 Nov 11. Available from: https://www.pharmacoepi.org/communities/chapters/africa-chapter/
   Google Scholar
• Oliveira IC, Oliveira JL, Sanchez JP, et al. Grid requirements for the integration of biomedical information resources for health applications. Methods Inf Med. 2005;44(2):161–167.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Sandt N, Schellack N, Mabope LA, et al. Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis among pediatric patients in South Africa comparing two healthcare settings. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2018 Apr 19. Volume Publish Ahead of Print - Issue - p. DOI:10.1097/INF.0000000000002072
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niaz Q, Godman B, Massele A, et al. Validity of World Health Organisation prescribing indicators in Namibia‘s primary healthcare: findings and implications. Int J Qual Health Care. 2018 Aug 28. Epub ahead of print. DOI:10.1093/intqhc/mzy172
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Matsitse TB, Helberg E, Meyer JC, et al. Compliance with the primary health care treatment guidelines and the essential medicines list in the management of sexually transmitted infections in correctional centres in South Africa: findings and implications. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2017;15(10):963–972.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakwatumbah S, Kibuule D, Godman B, et al. Compliance to guidelines for the prescribing of antibiotics in acute infections at Namibia‘s national referral hospital: a pilot study and the implications. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2017;15(7):713–721.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wettermark B, Pehrsson A, Jinnerot D, et al. Drug utilisation 90% profiles–a useful tool for quality assessment of prescribing in primary health care in Stockholm. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2003;12(6):499–510.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oshikoya KA, Oreagba IA, Godman B, et al. Off-label prescribing for children with chronic diseases in Nigeria; findings and implications. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2017;16(9):981–988.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oshikoya KA, Oreagba IA, Godman B, et al. Potential drug-drug interactions in paediatric outpatient prescriptions in Nigeria and implications for the future. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2016;9(11):1505–1515.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar