Investigating resilience to facilitate positive mental health among South Asian minority students in Hong Kong

References

• Adermann, J., and M. Campbell. 2007. “Big Worry: Implications of Anxiety in Indigenous Youth.” The Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 36 (S1): 74–80. doi:10.1017/S1326011100004737.
   Google Scholar
• Anyon, Y., S. L. Ong, and K. Whitaker. 2014. “School-based Mental Health Prevention for Asian American Adolescents: Risk Behaviors, Protective Factors, and Service Use.” Asian American Journal of Psychology 5 (2): 134–144. doi:10.1037/a0035300.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arat, G. 2017. “Culturally Specific Resilience Processes of Health-risk Behaviors among Pakistani and Indian Youth in the Hong Kong Context: A Mixed-methods Study.” Doctoral Dissertation, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. http://hub.hku.hk/handle/10722/244327
   Google Scholar
• Arat, G., A. P. Hoang, L. P. Jordan, and P. W. C. Wong. 2016. “A Systematic Review of Studies on Ethnic Minority Youth Development in Hong Kong: An Application of the Ecological Framework.” China Journal of Social Work 9 (3): 218–237. doi:10.1080/17525098.2017.1254716.
   Google Scholar
• Arat, G., L. P. Jordan, and P. W. C. Wong. 2019. “Exploring the Culturally Specific Factors of Mental Health in South Asian Minority Students in Hong Kong.” European Journal of Social Work 1–14. doi:10.1080/13691457.2019.1605978.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arat, G., and P. W. C. Wong. 2017. “The Relationship between Physical Activity and Mental Health among Adolescents in Six Middle-income Countries: A Cross-sectional Study.” Child & Youth Services 38 (3): 180–295. doi:10.1080/0145935X.2017.1297202.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bech, P., N. –. A. Rasmussen, L. R. Olsen, V. Noerholm, and W. Abildgaard. 2001. “The Sensitivity and Specificity of the Major Depression Inventory, Using the Present State Examination as the Index of Diagnostic Validity.” Journal of Affective Disorders 66 (2–3): 159–164. doi:10.1016/S0165-0327(00)00309-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becker, A. E., A. L. Roberts, A. Perloe, A. Bainivualiku, L. K. Richards, S. E. Gilman, and R. H. Striegel-Moore. 2010. “Youth Health Risk Behavior Assessment in Fiji: The Realibility of Glocal School-based Health Survey Content Adapted for Ethnci Fijian Girls.” Ethnicity & Health 15 (2): 181–197. doi:10.1080/13557851003615552.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bronfenbrenner, U. 1986. “Ecology of the Family as A Context for Human Development: Research Perspectives.” Developmental Psychology 22 (6): 723–742. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.22.6.723.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bronfenbrenner, U. 1994. “Ecological Models of Human Development.” In International Encyclopedia of Education, edited by M. Gauvain and M. Cole, 37–43. Oxford: Elsever.
   Google Scholar
• California Health Kid Survey. 2010. “Resilience & Youth Development Module.” https://www.wested.org/project/california-healthy-kids-survey-chks/
   Google Scholar
• Census and Statistics Department. 2016. “Thematic Report: Ethnic Minorities.” https://www.bycensus2016.gov.hk/data/16bc-ethnic-minorities.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2015. “Youth Risk Behavior Survey.” www.cdc.gov/yrbs
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). n.d.. “Global School-based Student Health Survey.” http://www.cdc.gov/gshs/pdf/GSHSOVerview.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Chau, R. C. M., and S. W. K. Yu. 2001. “Social Exclusion of Chinese People in Britain.” Critical Social Policy 21 (1): 103–125. doi:10.1177/026101830102100103.
   Google Scholar
• Cheng, J. K., T. L. Fancher, M. Ratanasen, K. R. Conner, P. R. Duberstein, S. Sue, and D. Takeuchi. 2010. “Lifetime Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts in Asian Americans.” Asian American Journal of Psychology 1 (1): 18–30. doi:10.1037/a0018799.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng, L., M. Tan, and Z. K. Liu. 2015. “Adverse Environments and Children’s Creativity.” Chap. 11 in The Global Context for New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development: New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, edited by E. L. Grigorenko, 93–100. San Franciso, CA: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Cheung, C. K., T. Y. Lee, W. M. Kwong, and D. Busiol. 2015. “Review of the Relationships between Resilience and Positive Youth Development.” Chap. 9 in Student Well-Being in Chinese Adolescents in Hong Kong: Theory, Intervention and Research, edited by T. Y. Lee, D. T. L. Shek, and R. C. F. Sun, 113–126. Singapore: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Chui, E. W. T. 2014. “Social Work in Hong Kong.” Chap. 5 in Social Work in East Asia, edited by C. Aspalter, 75–92. Abingdon: Ashgate.
   Google Scholar
• Dew, R. E., S. S. Daniel, T. D. Armstrong, D. B. Goldston, M. F. Triplett, and H. G. Koenig. 2008. “Religion/Spirituality and Adolescent Psychiatric Symptoms: A Review.” Child Psyhiatry and Human Development 39 (4): 381–398. doi:10.1007/s10578-007-0093-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erni, J. N., and Leung, L. Y. M. 2014. Understanding South Asian Minorities in Hong Kong. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ganga, N. S., and V. R. Kutty. 2012. “Measuring Positive Mental Health: Development of the Achutha Menon Centre Positive Mental Health Scale.” Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health 27 (2): 1893–1906. doi:10.1177/1010539512444119.
   Google Scholar
• George, U., M. S. Thomson, F. Chaze, and S. Guruge. 2015. “I Immigrant Mental Health, A Public Health Issue: Looking Back and Moving Forward.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12 (10): 13624–13648. doi:10.3390/ijerph121013624.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goforth, A. N., A. V. Pham, H. J. Chun, and S. Castro-Olivo. 2017. “Acculturation and Sociocultural Factors in Children’s Mental Health Services: Applying Multicultural Consultation Frameworks.” Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation 27 (3): 239–244. doi:10.1080/10474412.2016.1275650.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris, K. M., C. T. Halpern, E. Whitsel, J. Hussey, J. Tabor, P. Entzel, and J. R. Udry. 2009. “The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health: Research Design.” http://www.cpc.unc.edu/projects/addhealth/design
   Google Scholar
• Hartlep, N. D. 2013. The Model Minority Stereotype: Demystifying Asian American Success. Charlotte, NC: Information.
   Google Scholar
• Hawkley, L. C., R. A. Thisted, and J. T. Cacioppo. 2009. “Loneliness Predicts Reduced Physical Activity: Cross-sectional & Longitudinal Analyses.” Health Psychology 28 (3): 354–363. doi:10.1037/a0014400.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hovey, J. D. 2000. “Acculturative Stress, Depression, and Suicidal Ideation in Mexican Immigrant.” Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology 6 (2): 134–151. doi:10.1037//1099-9809.6.2.134.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hurd, N. M., S. A. Stoddard, and M. A. Zimmerman. 2013. “Neighborhoods, Social Support, and African American Adolescents’ Mental Health Outcomes: A Multilevel Path Analysis.” Child Development 84 (3): 858–874. doi:10.1111/cdev.12018.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Irfan, U. 2016. “Mental Health and Factors Related to Mental Health among Pakistani University Students.” Doctoral Dissertation, University of Canterbury, Canterbury. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/28ee/5dcc34511d83a1ac0cb4253bf758e837f43a.pdf
   Google Scholar
• IYS (International Youth Survey). 2006. “International Youth Survey (IYS).” http://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p2SV.pl?Function=getSurvey&SDDS=5117
   Google Scholar
• Kapai, P. 2015. The Education of Ethnic Minorities. Hong Kong. https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/Treaties/CERD/Shared%20Documents/HKG/INT_CERD_NGO_CHN_31912_E.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Karasz, A., V. V. Patel, M. Kabita, and P. Shimu. 2013. “Tension in South Asian Women: Developing a Measure of Common Mental Disorder Using Participatory Methods.” Progress in Community Health Partnerships 7 (4): 429–441. doi:10.1353/cpr.2013.0046.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Karlsen, S., and J. Y. Nazroo. 2002. “Relation between Racial Discrimination, Social Class, and Health among Ethnic Minority Groups.” American Journal of Public Health 92 (4): 624–631. doi:10.2105/ajph.92.4.624.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khanlou, N., and R. Wray. 2014. “A Whole Community Approach toward Child and Youth Resilience Promotion: A Review of Resilience Literature.” International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 12 (1): 64–79. doi:10.1007/s11469-013-9470-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, S. K. B., and A. S. Hong. 2004. “A Psychometric Revision of the Asian Values Scale Using the Rasch Model.” Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development 37 (1): 15–37. doi:10.1080/07481756.2004.11909747.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwan, C. H., R. B. Baig, and K. C. Lo. 2018. “Stressors and Coping Strategies of Ethnic Minority Youth: Youth and Mental Health Practitioners’ Perspectives.” Children and Youth Services Review 88: 497–503. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.04.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai, C., F. Gao, and Q. Wang. 2015. “Bicultural Orientation and Chinese Language among South Asian Ethnic Minority Students in Hong Kong.” International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 18 (2): 203–224. doi:10.1080/13670050.2014.887054.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leadbeater, B., D. Dodgen, and A. Solarz. 2005. “The Resilience Revolution: A Paradigm Shift for Research and Policy.” Chap. 4 in Resilience in Children, Families, and Communities: Linking Context to Practice and Policy, edited by R. D. Peters, B. Leadbeater, and R. J. McMahon, 47–61. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum.
   Google Scholar
• Lester, L., and D. Cross. 2015. “The Relationship between School Climate and Mental and Emotional Wellbeing over the Transition from Primary to Secondary School.” Psychology of Wellbeing 5 (9): 1–15. doi:10.1186/s13612-015-0037-8.
   Google Scholar
• Lewis, A. J., P. Kremer, K. Douglas, J. W. Toumborou, M. A. Hameed, G. C. Patton, and J. Williams. 2015. “Gender Differences in Adolescent Depression: Differential Female Susceptibility to Stressors Affecting Family Functioning.” Australian Journal of Psychology 67 (3): 131–139. doi:10.1111/ajpy.12086.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liebenberg, L., M. Ungar, and F. Van de Vijver. 2012. “Validation of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure-28 (CYRM-28) among Canadian Youth.” Research on Social Work Practice 22 (2): 219–226. doi:10.1177/1049731511428619.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, R. A., P. Puhlik-Doris, G. Larsen, J. Gray, and K. Weir. 2003. “Individual Differences in Uses of Humor and Their Relation to Psychological Well-being: Development of the Humor Styles Questionnaire.” Journal of Research in Personality 37 (1): 48–75. doi:10.1016/S0092-6566(02)00534-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matlin, S. L., S. D. Molock, and J. K. Tebes. 2011. “Suicidality and Depression among African American Adolescents: The Role of Family and Peer Support and Community Connectedness.” American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 81 (1): 108–117. doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.2010.01078.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maurizi, L. K., R. Ceballo, Q. Epstein-Ngo, and K. S. Cortina. 2013. “Does Neighborhood Belonging Matter? Examining School and Neighborhood Belonging as Protective Factors for Latino Adolescents.” The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 83 (2–3): 323–334. doi:10.1111/ajop.12017.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLaughlin, K. A., E. J. Costello, W. Leblanc, N. A. Sampson, and R. C. Kessler. 2012. “Socioeconomic Status and Adolescent Mental Disorders.” American Journal of Public Health 102 (9): 1742–1750. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300477.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montesinos, A. H., A. Heinz, M. Schouler-Ocak, and M. C. Aichberger. 2013. “Precipitating and Risk Factors for Suicidal Behaviour among Immigrant and Ethnic Minority Women in Europe: A Systematic Review.” Suicidology Online 4: 60–80.
   Google Scholar
• Mosavel, M., R. Ahmed, K. A. Ports, and C. Simon. 2015. “South African, Urban Youth Narratives: Resilience Within Community.” International Journal of Adolescence and Youth 20 (2): 245–255. doi:10.1080/02673843.2013.785439.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phinney, J. S. 1992. “The Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure: A New Scale for Use with Diverse Groups.” Journal of Adolescent Research 7 (2): 156–176. doi:10.1177/074355489272003.
   Google Scholar
• Potochnick, S. R., and K. Perreira. 2010. “Depression and Anxiety among First-generation Immigrant Latino Youth: Key Correlates and Implications for Future Research.” The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 198 (7): 470–477. doi:10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181e4ce24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Resilience Research Centre. 2009. “The Child and Youth Resilience Measure-28: User Manual.” https://www.nationalcouncildocs.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Child-CYRM-Manual.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Rivera, M. S. P. 2015. “Risk and Protective Factors for Depression in Mexican-American Youth: The Impact of Generational Status, Family, and Parental Influences.” Social Work in Mental Health 13 (3): 252–271. doi:10.1080/15332985.2014.896848.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rutter, M. 1985. “Resilience in the Face of Adversity: Protective Factors and Resistance to Psychiatric Disorder.” British Journal of Psychiatry 147: 598–611. doi:10.1192/bjp.147.6.598.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sancassiani, F., E. Pintus, A. Holte, P. Paulus, M. F. Moro, G. Cossu, M. C. Angermeyer, M. G. Carta, and J. Lindert. 2015. “Enhancing the Emotional and Social Skills of the Youth to Promote Their Wellbeing and Positive Development: A Systematic Review of Universal School-based Randomized Controlled Trials.” Clinical Practice & Epidemiology in Mental Health 11 (S1): 21–40. doi:10.2174/1745017901511010021.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Save the Children Hong Kong. 2003. Adaptation and Subjective Well-being among South Asian Youth in Hong Kong: Research Report. Hong Kong: Save the Children Hong Kong.
   Google Scholar
• Scal, P., M. Ireland, and I. W. Borowsky. 2003. “Smoking among American Adolescents: A Risk and Proective Analysis.” Journal of Community Health 28 (2): 79–92. doi:10.1023/A:1022691212793.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strohschein, L., and A. Matthew. 2015. “Adolescent Problem Behavior in Toronto, Canada: Associations with Family, School, and Neighborhood Social Capital.” Sociological Inquiry 85 (1): 129–147. doi:10.1111/soin.12055.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabachnick, B. G., and L. S. Fidell. 2007. Using Multivariate Statistics. New York, NY: Allyn and Bacon.
   Google Scholar
• Tandon, D. S., and B. S. Solomon. 2009. “Risk and Protective Factors for Depressive Symptoms in Urban African American Adolescents.” Youth & Society 41 (1): 80–99. doi:10.1177/0044118X08327520.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ungar, M. 2010. “What Is Resilience across Cultures and Contexts? Advances to the Theory of Positive Development among Individuals and Families under Stress.” Journal of Family Psychotherapy 21 (1): 1–16. doi:10.1080/08975351003618494.
   Google Scholar
• Ungar, M. 2011. “The Social Ecology of Resilience: Addressing Contextual and Cultural Ambiguity of a Nascent Construct.” American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 81 (1): 1–17. doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.2010.01067.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ungar, M., and L. Liebenberg. 2011. “Assessing Resilience across Cultures Using Mixed-methods: Construction of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure.” Journal of Mixed Methods Research 5 (2): 126–149. doi:10.1177/1558689811400607.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, C. X., and K. Atwal. 2015. “School Climate, Discrimination, and Depressive Symptoms among Asian American Adolescents.” Contemporary School Policy 19 (3): 205–217. doi:10.1007/s40688-014-0040-8.
   Google Scholar
• Wells, L., K. Varjas, C. Cadenhead, C. Morillas, and A. Morris. 2012. “Exploring Perceptions of the Mental Health of Youth in Mexico: A Qualitative Study.” School Psychology International 33 (6): 579–595. doi:10.1177/0143034311409978.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong, D. F. K. 2008. “Differential Impacts of Stressful Life Events and Social Support on the Mental Health of Mainland Chinese Immigrant and Local Youth in Hong Kong: A Resilience Perspective.” British Journal of Social Work 38 (2): 236–252. doi:10.1093/bjsw/bcl344.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu, N. X., S. M. Stewart, I. K. F. Liu, and T. H. Lam. 2014. “Resilience and Depressive Symptoms in Mainland Chinese Immigrants to Hong Kong.” Social Psychiatry 49 (2): 241–249. doi:10.1037/e596812013-001.
   Google Scholar