In-kind transfers of maize, commercialization and household consumption in Kenya

References

• Acheson , James M . “Transaction Cost Economics: Accomplishments, Problems, and Possibilities.” In Theory in Economic Anthropology , J . Ensminger , 27 – 58 . Walnut Creek, CA : AltaMira Press , 2002 .
   Google Scholar
• Adepoju , A. , ed. Family, Population and Development in Africa . London and New Jersey : Zed Books , 1997 .
   Google Scholar
• Alene , A.D. V.M. Manyong , G. Omanya , H.D. Mignouna , M. Bokanga and G. Odhiamb “Smallholder Market Participation Under Transaction Costs: Maize Supply and Fertilizer Demand in Kenya.” Food Policy 33 2008 : 318 – 28 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersson , A . The Bright Lights Grow Fainter – Migration, Livelihoods and a Small Town in Zimbabwe . Akta Universitatis Stockholmiensis, no. 10 . Stockholm : Almkvist och Wiksell , 2002 .
   Google Scholar
• Andersson , A . “Maize Remittances, Market Participation and Consumption among Smallholders In Africa.” In African Smallholders – Food Crops, Markets and Policy , G . Djurfeldt , E . Aryeetey and A . Isinika , 138 – 55 . London : CABI , 2010 .
   Google Scholar
• Andersson , A . “Maize Remittances, Smallholder Livelihoods and Maize Consumption in Malawi,” Journal of Modern African Studies 49 , no. 1 2011 : 1 – 26 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersson , A ., G . Djurfeldt , B . Holmquist , M . Jirström and S . Nasrin . “A New Era for Sub-Saharan African Agriculture? Changing Drivers of Maize Production.” In African Smallholders – Food Crops, Markets and Policy , G . Djurfeldt , E . Aryeetey and A . Isinika . London : CABI , 2011 .
   Google Scholar
• Andersson , A ., and S.K. Wambugu . “Maize Circultation within Family Based Networks: a Case Study from Lugari District, Kenya.” Lund/Nairobi : Department of Human Geography, Lund University; Department of Geography, Kenyatta University , 2007 .
   Google Scholar
• Aryeetey , E. “Household Asset Choice Among the Rural Poor in Ghana.” Paper read at Conference on Understanding Poverty in Ghana, Accra, January , 2004 .
   Google Scholar
• Bah , M. , Cissé , S. , Diyamett , B. , Diallo , G. , Lerise , F. , Okali , D. , Okpara , E. , Olawaye , J. and Tacoli , C. 2003 . Changing Rural–Urban Linkages in Mali, Nigeria and Tanzania . Environment and Urbanization , 15 ( 1 ) : 13 – 24 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker , J. Rural–Urban Dynamics in Francophone Africa . Uppsala : Nordiska Afrikainstitutet , 1997 .
   Google Scholar
• Baker , J. 1995 . Survival and Accumulation Strategies at the Rural–Urban Interface in North-West Tanzania . Environment and Urbanization , 7 ( 1 ) : 117 – 32 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker , J , and P.O. Pedersen The Rural–Urban Interface in Africa: Expansion and Adaption . Uppsala, , Copenhagen : Institute of African Studies (Nordiska Afrikainstitutet) in cooperation with Centre for Development Research , 1995 .
   Google Scholar
• Berry , S. 1989 . Social Institutions and Access to Resources . Africa , 59 ( 1 ) : 41 – 55 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bohannan , P.J. 1963 . Social Anthropology , New York : J. Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Bourdieu , P. 1977 . Outline of a Theory of Practice , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bryceson , D.F. 1999 . African Rural Labour, Income Diversification & Livelihood approaches: A long-term Development Perspective . Review of African Political Economy , 26 ( 8 ) : 171 – 189 .
   Google Scholar
• Bryceson , D.F . “A Century of Food Supply in Dar es Salaam.” In Feeding African Cities , J . Guyer , 155 – 202 . Manchester : Manchester University Press , 1987 .
   Google Scholar
• Bryceson , D.F “De-Agrarianisation in sub-Saharan Africa: Acknowledging the Inevitable.” In Farewell to Farms. De-agrarianisation and Employment in Africa , D.F. Bryceson and V . Jamal , 3 – 20 . Aldershot : Ashgate , 1997 .
   Google Scholar
• Bryceson , D.F. 2002 . The Scramble in Africa: Reorienting Rural Livelihoods . World Development , 30 ( 5 ) : 725 – 39 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chant , S. 1997 . Women-Headed Households: Diversity and Dynamics in the Developing World , Basingstoke : Macmillan Press .
   Google Scholar
• Coase , R. 1937 . The Nature of the Firm . Economica , 4 ( 3 ) : 386 – 404 .
   Google Scholar
• Coase , R. 1960 . The Problem of Social Costs . Journal of Law and Economics , 3 : 1 – 44 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curtis , J.W. 1995 . Opportunity and Obligation in Nairobi: Social Networks and Differentiation in the Political Economy of Kenya , Hamburg : LIT .
   Google Scholar
• de Haas , H. 2006 . Migration, Remittances and Regional Development in Southern Morocco . Geoforum , 37 ( 4 ) : 565 – 80 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Djurfeldt , G. , Aryeetey , E. and Isinika , A. 2010 . African Smallholders – Food Crops, Markets and Policy , London : CABI .
   Google Scholar
• Djurfeldt , G ., H . Holmén , M . Jirström , and R . Larsson The African Food Crisis – Lessons from the Asian Green Revolution . Wallingford : CABI , 2005 .
   Google Scholar
• Dorward , A. , Kydd , J. , Morrison , J. and Urey , I. 2004 . A Policy Agenda for Pro-poor Agricultural Growth . World Development , 32 ( 1 ) : 73 – 89 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellis , F. “Small Farms, Livelihood Diversification and Rural–Urban Transitions, Strategic Issues in Sub-Saharan Africa.” The Future of Small Farms: Proceedings of a Research Workshop . Wye : International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) , 2005 .
   Google Scholar
• Ensminger , J. 1992 . Making a Market: The Institutional Transformation of an African Society , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ensminger , J . “Transaction Costs Through Time: The Case of Orma Pastoralists in East Africa.” In Anthropology and Institutional Economics , J.M . Acheson , 69 – 85 . Lanham, MD : University Press of America , 1994 .
   Google Scholar
• Fafchamps , G. and Minten , B. 2001 . Property Rights in a Flea Market Economy . Economic Development and Social Change , 49 ( 2 ) : 229 – 68 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foeken , D. and Uwuour , S. 2008 . Farming as a Livelihood Source for the Urban Poor of Nakuru, Kenya . Geoforum , 39 : 1978 – 90 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foeken , D ., and S. Uwuor “Multi-spatial Livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa: Rural Farming by Urban Households – the Case of Nakuru Town, Kenya.” In Mobile Africa: Changing Patterns of Movement in Africa and Beyond , M. de Bruijn R. van Dijk and D. Foeken , 125 – 40 . Leiden, , Boston, Köln : Brill , 2001 .
   Google Scholar
• Gregory , C.A. 1982 . Gifts and Commodities , London : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Guyer , J Feeding African Cities: Studies in Regional Social History . Manchester : Manchester University Press , 1987 .
   Google Scholar
• Guyer , J. 1981 . Household and Community in African Studies . African Studies Review , 24 ( 1 ) : 88 – 137 .
   Google Scholar
• Guyer , J.I. 2004 . Marginal Gains: Monetary Transactions in Atlantic Africa , Chicago, IL : University of Chicago Press .
   Google Scholar
• Gwako , E.L.M. “Property Rights and Incentives for Agricultural Growth: Women Farmers’ Crop Control and Their Use of Agricultural Inputs.” In Theory in Economic Anthropology , J. Ensminger , 3 – 26 . Walnut Creek, CA : AltaMira Press , 2002 .
   Google Scholar
• Haggblade , S. , Hazell , P. and Reardon , T. 2007 . Transforming the Rural Nonfarm Economy: Opportunities and Threats in the Developing World , Baltimore, MD : Johns Hopkins University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Jaetzold , R ., and H . Schmidt . Farm Mangement Handbook of Kenya , Vol. II A . Nairobi : Ministry of Agriculture, Kenya , 1983 .
   Google Scholar
• Jayne , T.S. , D. Mather , and E. Mghenyi . “Smallholder Farming under Increasingly Difficult Circumstances: Policy and Public Investment Priorities for Africa.” MSU International Development Working Paper. East Lansing: Department of Agricultural Economics, Michigan State University , 2006 .
   Google Scholar
• Jayne , T.S. , Zulu , B. and Nijhoff , J.J. 2006 . Stabilizing Food Markets in Eastern and Southern Africa . Food Policy , 31 : 328 – 41 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karugia , J.T. “A Micro Level Analysis of Agricultural Intensification in Kenya: the Case of Food staples.” Final Report for the Afrint Project. Nairobi: Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nairobi , 2003 .
   Google Scholar
• Kenya , Republic of. Lugari District Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper 2001–2004 District Consultative Forum Report for the period 2001–2004 . Nairobi : Ministry of Finance and Planning , 2000 .
   Google Scholar
• Kirimi , L. , N. Sitko , T.S. Jayne , F. Karin , M. Muyanga , M. Sheahan , J. Flock , and G. Bor . “A Farm Gate-to-Consumer Value Chain Analysis of Kenya's Maize Marketing System.” Nairobi : Tegemeo Institute of Egerton University, ACDI-VOCA, Michigan State University, Moi University , 2011 .
   Google Scholar
• Ledeneva , A. 2008 . Blat and Guanxi: Informal Practices in Russia and Chin . Comparative Studies in Society and History , 50 ( 1 ) : 118 – 44 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ledeneva , A.V. 1998 . Russia's Economy of Favours: Blat, Networking and Informal Exchange , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Mauss , M . The Gift . London : Routledge , 1954 . First published 1925 .
   Google Scholar
• North , D. 1990 . Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Polanyi , K. 1957 . Trade and Market in the Early Empires , Glencoe : The Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• Poulton , C. , Kydd , J. and Dorward , A.R. 2006 . Overcoming Market Constraints on Pro-poor Agricultural Growth in sub-Saharan Africa . Development Policy Review , 24 ( 3 ) : 243 – 77 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sahlins , M . “The Sociology of Primitive Exchange.” In The Relevance of Models for Social Anthropology , M . Banton , 139 – 236 . London : Tavistock Publications 1965 .
   Google Scholar
• Sahlins , M. 1972 . Stone Age Economics , Chicago : Aldline Press .
   Google Scholar
• Stephens , E.C ., and C.B. Barrett “Incomplete Credit Markets and Commodity Marketing Behaviour.” Working Paper, Department of Applied Economics and Management . Ithaca, NY : Cornell University , 2006 .
   Google Scholar
• Stichter , S. 1982 . Migrant Labour in Kenya: Capitalism and African response, 1895–1975 , Harlow : Longman .
   Google Scholar
• Udry , C. 1996 . Agricultural Production and the Theory of the Household . The Journal of Political Economy , 104 ( 5 ) : 1010 – 46 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• United Nations . World Urbanization Prospects – The 2009 Revision . New York : United Nations Population Division , 2010 .
   Google Scholar
• Van Onselen , C. 1976 . Chibaro: African Mine Labour in Southern Rhodesia 1900–1933 , London : Pluto Press .
   Google Scholar
• Wolpe , H. 1972 . Capitalism and Cheap Labour Power in South Africa: From Segregation to Apartheid . Economy and Society , 1 ( 4 ) : 425 – 56 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood , A . “Could Africa Be More Like America?” London : Department for International Development, Government of the United Kingdom, 2002 .
   Google Scholar
• World Bank . World Development Report 2008: Agriculture for Development . Washington, DC : The World Bank , 2007 .
   Google Scholar
• Yaro , J.A. 2006 . Is Deagrarianisation Real? A Study of Livelihood Activities in Rural Northern Ghana . Journal of Modern African Studies , 44 ( 1 ) : 125 – 56 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar