References
- Adam , C. , and J. Gunning . “ Redesigning the Aid Contract: Donors’ Use of Performance Indicators in Uganda .” World Development 30 , no. 12 2002 : 2045 – 2056 . doi: 10.1016/S0305-750X(02)00123-7
- Arieff , A. , and L. Ploch . The Lord's Resistance Army: The US Response . Washington , DC : Congressional Research Service , 2011 .
- BBC News . “ Nigerians Welcome Sacking of Election Head Maurice Iwu .” BBC News April 29 , 2010 . http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/8650764.stm .
- BBC News . “ ‘Somali Link’ as 74 World Cup Fans Die in Uganda Blasts .” BBC News July 12, 2010. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10593771 .
- Brown , S. “ Authoritarian Leaders and Multiparty Elections in Africa: How Foreign Donors Help to Keep Kenya's Daniel Arap Moi in Power .” Third World Quarterly 22 , no. 5 2001 : 725 – 739 . doi: 10.1080/01436590120084575
- Brown , S. “ Donor Responses to the 2008 Kenya Crisis: Finally Getting It Right? ” Journal of Contemporary African Studies 27 , no. 3 2009 : 389 – 406 . doi: 10.1080/02589000903118847
- Brown , S. “ Well, What Can You Expect? Donor Officials’ Apologetics for Hybrid Regimes in Africa .” Democratization 18 , no. 2 2011 : 512 – 534 . doi: 10.1080/13510347.2011.553368
- Cammack , D. “ The Logic of African Neopatrimonialism: What Role for Donors? ” Development Policy Review 25 , no. 5 2007 : 599 – 614 . doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7679.2007.00387.x
- Carothers , T. “ Democracy Assistance: Political vs Developmental .” Journal of Democracy 20 , no. 1 2009 : 5 – 19 . doi: 10.1353/jod.0.0047
- Chabal , P. “ Power in Africa Reconsidered .” In The African Exception , U. Engel and G. Rye Olsen . Aldershot : Ashgate , 2005 .
- Crawford , G. Foreign Aid and Political Reform: A Comparative Analysis of Democracy Assistance and Political Conditionality . Basingstoke : Palgrave , 2001 .
- Daily Monitor (Kampala) . “ Britain Suspends Aid to Uganda .” Daily Monitor (Kampala) April 18 , 2004 .
- Daily Monitor (Kampala) . “ Free and Fair? ” Daily Monitor (Kampala) February 23 , 2011 .
- Daily Monitor (Kampala) . “ I Can Win With 60% Says Besigye .” Daily Monitor (Kampala) February 1 , 2011 . http://www.monitor.co.ug/SpecialReports/Elections/-/859108/1099318/-/jo0lnu/-/index.html .
- Daily Monitor (Kampala) . “ Kasujja's EC was Corrupt – Says IGG .” Daily Monitor (Kampala) January 13 , 2003 .
- Daily Monitor (Kampala) . “ Museveni Hits Back In Row With Donors .” Daily Monitor (Kampala) March 15 , 2010 . http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/-/688334/879466/-/wja8a9/-/index.html.
- Daily Monitor (Kampala) . “ Museveni is Not a US Puppet – Browning .” Daily Monitor (Kampala) July 3 , 2009 . http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/Education/-/688336/711692/-/10dp39r/-/index.html .
- Daily Monitor (Kampala) . “ Museveni Tells US He Will Not Fire EC .” Daily Monitor (Kampala) May 21 , 2010 . http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/-/688334/922754/-/x05gmn/-/index.html .
- Daily Monitor (Kampala) . “ Opposition Takes Anti-Museveni Protests to the UK, United States .” Daily Monitor (Kampala) June 24 , 2011 . http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/-/688334/1188040/-/c07biwz/-/index.html .
- Daily Monitor (Kampala) . “ Why US Funds the War in Somalia .” Daily Monitor (Kampala) July 30 , 2010 . http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/-/688334/967430/-/x2p1ei/-/index.html .
- Daily Telegraph (London) . “ William Hague ‘Lobbied Strongly’ for Oil Companies Run by Tory Donors .” Daily Telegraph (London) February 10 , 2011 . http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/william-hague/8314345/William-Hague-lobbied-strongly-for-oil-companies-run-by-Tory-donors.html .
- Daily Trust (Abuja) . “ The New INEC Commissioners .” Daily Trust (Abuja) June 10 , 2010 .
- De Renzio , P. “ The Primacy of Domestic Politics: Ethiopia And Uganda, What Next With Aid? ” ODI Blog , January 20 , 2006 . http://www.odi.org.uk/opinion/4114-primacy-domestic-politics-ethiopia-uganda-next-aid .
- Deepening Democracy Programme (DDP), Kampala . Enhancing the Integrity of Elections , August 2009 . http://ddp.ug/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=68&Itemid=93 .
- East African (Nairobi) . “ EU Calls for Electoral Reforms in Uganda .” East African (Nairobi) June 19 , 2011 .
- Electoral Commission of Uganda . Report on the 2010/2011 General Elections . Kampala : Electoral Commission of Uganda , 2011 . http://www.ec.or.ug/docs/General%20election%20Report%202010-2011.pdf/ .
- Elklit , J. , and A. Reynolds . “ The Impact of Election Administration on the Legitimacy of Emerging Democracies: A New Comparative Politics Approach .” Commonwealth and Comparative Politics 40 , no. 2 2002 : 86 – 119 . doi: 10.1080/713999584
- Epstein , H. The Invisible Cure: Africa, the West and the Fight Against AIDS . New York , NY : Farrar, Straus & Giroux , 2007 .
- European Union Election Observation Mission (EUEOM) . Uganda: Presidential and Parliamentary Elections, 23 February 2006 . http://eeas.europa.eu/human_rights/election_observation/uganda/final_report_en.pdf/ .
- Fisher , J. “ Managing Donor Perceptions and Securing Agency: Contextualizing Uganda's 2007 Intervention in Somalia .” African Affairs 111 , no. 444 2012 : 404 – 423 . doi: 10.1093/afraf/ads023
- Green , E. “ Patronage, District Creation, and Reform in Uganda .” Studies in Comparative International Development 45 , no. 1 2010 : 83 – 103 . doi: 10.1007/s12116-009-9058-8
- Harrison , G. “ Post-Conditionality Politics and Administrative Reform: Reflections on the Cases of Uganda and Tanzania .” Development and Change 32 , no. 4 2001 : 657 – 679 . doi: 10.1111/1467-7660.00221
- Harrison , J. , and C. Wang . “ A New Approach to the Allocation of Aid Among Developing Countries: Is the USA Different from the Rest? ” World Development 39 , no. 8 2011 : 1281 – 1293 . doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2010.12.011
- Hauser , E. “ Ugandan Relations with Western Donors in the 1990s: What Impact on Democratisation? ” Journal of Modern African Studies 37 , no. 4 1999 : 621 – 641 . doi: 10.1017/S0022278X9900316X
- Human Rights Watch . Uganda: Not a Level Playing Field . New York , NY : Human Rights Watch , 2001 .
- Independent (Kampala) . “ Are Electoral Commissioners Cadres of the NRM Party? ” Independent (Kampala) March 9 , 2010 . http://www.independent.co.ug/cover-story/2579-are-electoral-commissioners-cadres-of-the-nrm-party/ .
- Independent (Kampala) . “ Electoral Commissions, Africa's New Kingmakers? ” Independent (Kampala) August 17 , 2010 . http://independent.co.ug/index.php/election-watch/election-watch/112-election-watch/3353-electoral-commissions-africas-new-kingmakers .
- Independent (Kampala) . “ Opposition Demand Election Re-Run, Call for Protests .” Independent (Kampala) February 24 , 2011 .
- Independent (Kampala) . “ We Need a Clean Election in 2011: Dutch Envoy .” Independent (Kampala) October 27 , 2009 .
- Khan , M. , and S. Sharma . IMF Conditionality and Country Ownership of Programs (IMF Working Paper No. 01/142, September) . Washington , DC : IMF Institute , 2001 .
- Lindberg , S. , and M. Morrison . “ Are African Voters Really Ethnic or Clientelist? Survey Evidence from Ghana .” Political Science Quarterly 123 , no. 1 2008 : 95 – 122 . doi: 10.1002/j.1538-165X.2008.tb00618.x
- Lynch , G. , and G. Crawford . “ Democratization in Africa 1990–2010: An Assessment .” Democratization 18 , no. 2 2011 : 275 – 310 . doi: 10.1080/13510347.2011.554175
- Lyons , T. Ethiopia in 2005: The Beginning of a Transition? (Strategic Note) . Washington , DC : Centre for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) , 2006 .
- Makara , S. , L. Rakner , and L. Svåsand . “ Turnaround: The National Resistance Movement and the Reintroduction of a Multiparty System in Uganda .” International Political Science Review 30 , no. 2 2009 : 185 – 204 . doi: 10.1177/0192512109102436
- Makulilo , A. B. “ Independent Electoral Commission in Tanzania: A False Debate? ” Representation 45 , no. 4 2009 : 435 – 453 . doi: 10.1080/00344890903257409
- Mosley , P. , J. Harrigan , and J. Toye . Aid and Power: The World Bank and Policy-Based Lending . London : Routledge , 1991 .
- Mudoola , D. “ Political Transitions Since Idi Amin: A Study in Political Pathology .” In Uganda Now: Between Decay and Development , H. Hansen and M. Twaddle , 280 – 298 . London : James Currey , 1988 .
- Mwenda , A. , and R. Tangri . “ Patronage Politics, Donor Reforms and Regime Consolidation in Uganda .” African Affairs 104 , no. 416 2005 : 449 – 467 . doi: 10.1093/afraf/adi030
- Nation (Lagos) . “ Iwu Must Go Says US official .” Nation (Lagos) April 6 , 2010 .
- New Vision (Kampala) . “ Diplomats Speak Out on 2011 Polls .” New Vision (Kampala) October 2 , 2009 . http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/696491 .
- New Vision (Kampala) . “ Nsibambi Outlines Terms For Donors .” New Vision (Kampala) April 6 , 2011 . http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/13/751353 .
- New Vision (Kampala) . “ Norway Cuts Aid .” New Vision (Kampala) July 19 , 2005 . http://www.newvision.co.ug/PA/8/13/445741 .
- Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) . Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries . Paris : OECD , various vols 1990–2010 .
- Rakner , L. “ The Management of the 2009 Electoral Process: The Role of the Malawi Electoral Commission .” In Democracy in Progress: Malawi's 2009 Parliamentary and Presidential Elections , M. Ott and F. E. Kanyongolo , 25 – 45 . Blantyre : Kachere , 2010 .
- Rakner , L. , and L. Svåsand . Maybe Free But Not Fair: Electoral Administration in Malawi 1994–2004 (CMI Working Paper) . Bergen : Chr Michelsen Institute (CMI) , 2005 .
- Suberu , R. T. “ Nigeria's Muddled Elections .” Journal of Democracy 18 , no. 4 2007 : 95 – 110 .
- Sunday Monitor (Kampala) . “ Corrupt Ministers Must Resign .” Sunday Monitor (Kampala) January 9 , 2011 . http://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/ThoughtIdeas/-/689844/1085954/-/am3toi/-/index.html .
- Sunday Vision (Kampala) . “ 1958–2011: Uganda's Often Controversial Polls .” Sunday Vision (Kampala) April 23 , 2011 .
- Supreme Court of Uganda . “ Rtd. Col. Dr. Kizza Besigye v Electoral Commission, Yoweri Kaguta Museveni (Electoral Petition No. 1 of 2006 [2007] UGSC 24 (31 January 2007) . http://www.ulii.org/ug/cases/UGSC/2007/24.html .
- Svåsand , L. “ Financing Elections in Malawi: Between National Processes and the International Community .” Representation 47 , no. 4 2011 : 417 – 433 . doi: 10.1080/00344893.2011.615548
- Tangri , R. “ Politics and Presidential Term Limits in Uganda .” In Legacies of Power: Leadership Change and Former Presidents in African Politics , R. Southall and H. Melber , 175 – 196 . Pretoria : HSRC , 2005 .
- Tangri , R. , and A. Mwenda . “ Politics, Donors and the Ineffectiveness of Anti-Corruption Institutions in Uganda .” Journal of Modern African Studies 44 , no. 1 2006 : 101 – 124 . doi: 10.1017/S0022278X05001436
- Tangri , R. , and A. Mwenda . “ President Museveni and the Politics of Presidential Tenure in Uganda .” Journal of Contemporary African Studies 28 , no. 1 2010 : 31 – 49 . doi: 10.1080/02589000903542574
- Therkildsen , O. “ Uganda's Referendum 2000: The Silent Boycott: A Comment .” African Affairs 101 , no. 403 2002 : 231 – 241 . doi: 10.1093/afraf/101.403.231
- This Day (Lagos) . “ US Top Official Seeks Iwu's Sack .” This Day Lagos February 24 , 2010 .
- Throup , D. W. “ The Count .” Journal of Eastern African Studies 2 , no. 2 2008 : 290 – 304 . doi: 10.1080/17531050802058435
- Time Magazine (New York) . “ An African for Africa .” Time Magazine New York September 1 , 1997 . http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,986916,00.html.
- Time Magazine (New York) . “ Balancing Counterterrorism and Democracy in Uganda .” Time Magazine New York September 7 , 2010 . http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2016175,00.html .
- Tripp , A. M. Museveni's Uganda: Paradoxes of Power in a Hybrid Regime . Boulder , CO : Lynne Rienner , 2010 .
- US Department of State . “ Uganda's Elections .” US Department of State February 22 , 2011 . http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2011/02/156940.htm .
- US Department of State . Report on the 2011 Ugandan Elections Conference Report 111-366 Prepared for Committee on Appropriations . Washington , DC : US Department of State , 2010 .
- Voice of America . “ US Urges Transparent Investigation of Uganda Election Complaints .” Voice of America February 24 , 2006 .
- Whitfield , L. , and A. Fraser . “ Negotiating Aid: The Structural Conditions Shaping the Negotiating Strategies of African Governments .” International Negotiations 15 , no. 3 2010 : 341 – 366 . doi: 10.1163/157180610X529582
- Wikileaks . US Abuja Embassy Cable . Wikileaks February 10 , 2010 . http://www.wikileaks.nl/cable/2010/02/10ABUJA215.html .
- Wikileaks . US Kampala Embassy Cable . Wikileaks August 25 , 2009 . http://wikileaks.org/cable/2009/08/09KAMPALA979.html. Accessed August 1, 2011 .
Freedom of Information (FOI) material
- Material is ordered according to which institution generated the released document:
- British High Commission, Kampala (BHC):
- BHC1 : “ eGram No. 3954/11 ” ( sent to FCO by UK High Commissioner Martin Shearman, dated 4 March 2011 ).
- BHC2 : “ eGram No. 6052/10 ” ( sent to FCO by Shearman, dated 25 May 2010 ).
- BHC3 : “ Summary of Meeting between EU Heads of Mission and President Museveni, May 2009 ” ( undisclosed author and recipient ).
- BHC4 : “ The Story So Far – Electoral Analysis, August 2009 ” ( undisclosed author and recipient ).
- UK Department for International Development (DFID) , Uganda :
- DFID1 : “ Minute on Preparations for May Elections/By-Elections and 2011 General Elections ” ( undisclosed author, sent to Head of DFID Uganda George Turkington, dated 27 May 2009 ).
- Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) :
- FCO1 : “ Briefing for APPG Briefing ” (undisclosed author and recipient, dated 25 October 2010) .
- FCO2 : “ Briefing for Mark Lyall-Grant's Visit to Uganda – 5–6 October 2010 ” (undisclosed author and recipient, dated 5 October 2010) .
- FCO3 : “ Briefing Note on Visit to UNGA Ministerial Week September 2010 ” ( undisclosed author and recipient, undated ).
- FCO4 : “ Briefing on Election Observation Mission – Uganda, 4 October 2010 ” (undisclosed author and recipient, dated 4 October 2010) .
- FCO5 : “ Summary of Mr Bellingham's Meeting with Professor Ogenga Morris Latigo, 28 October 2010 ” (undisclosed author, dated 1 November 2010) .