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Original Articles

Struggling for Freedom

The Divestment Movement at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1977–1987

Pages 1-26 | Published online: 08 May 2007

References

  • Prexy Nesbitt , “Organising Outrage into Action: A Brief Discussion of U.S. Anti-Apartheid African Solidarity Work, Then and Now,” speech presented at The International Conference on a Decade of Freedom: Celebrating the Role of the international Anti-Apartheid Movement, Durban, South Africa , October 2004 .
  • Donald Culverson , Contesting Apartheid: U.S. Activism, 1960–1987 ( Boulder, , Colorado : Westview Press , 1999 ), 79 – 82 .
  • George Houser , No One Can Stop the Rain: Glimpses of Africa's Liberation Struggles ( New York : The Pilgrim Press , 1989 ), 267 .
  • Radall Robinson , Defending the Spirit: A Black Life in America ( New York : Dutton , 1998 ), 96 .
  • Houser , 63
  • Culverson , 84 – 85 .
  • Christopher Coons , The Response of Colleges and Universities to Calls for Divestment ( Washington D.C. : The Investor Responsibility Research Centre , 1986 ), 4 .
  • Dean E. McHenry , “Letter to The Secretary of the Board of Trustees, University of Illinois from Dean E. McHenry, Jr.,” Divestiture of Investment in South Africa 1977, George Howard III Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • John E. Corbally , “Memo to the Finance Committee from President John E. Corbally, August 30 1977,” Divestiture of investment in South Africa, George Howard III Papers, UIUC Archive .
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  • Robert Kinloch Massie , Loosing the Bonds: The United States and South Africa in the Apartheid Years , ( New York : Nan A. Talese , 1997 ), 430 .
  • Robert Taylor , “Trustee Hearing Set on South Africa Interest,” The Morning Courier , November 3 , 1978 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archives .
  • June Rogoznica , “March to Protest S. African stocks draws about 170,” The Daily Illini , Wednesday, April 26 , 1978 , 5, UIUC University Archive .
  • Robert Taylor , “South Africa Holdings Protested,” The Morning Courier Champaign-Urbana , May 2 , 1978 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • Robert Taylor , “Trustee hearing set on South African interests,” The Morning Courier Champaign-Urbana , Friday, November 3 , 1978 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • Dean E. McHenry , “Letter to President Corbally from Dean McHenry 8 April 1979,” Divest Now Coalition 1979–1988, C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archives .
  • Lex Peterson , “UI Trustees Interrupted By Anti-Apartheid Group,” The Champaign-Urbana News-Gazette , Saturday, April 21 , 1979
  • Phil Sanfield , “Coalition interrupts trustees’ schedule,” The Daily Illini , April 21, 1979 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • Massie , 497 .
  • John E. Corbally , “Memo for the Finance Committee, Board of Trustees from President John E. Corbally,” August 30 , 1977 , George Howard III Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “SGA Passes Resolution favoring divestment,” Amandla , March 1983 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archives .
  • Glenora Croucher , “SGA favors divestiture; to urge trustee backing,” The Daily Illini , February 24 , 1983 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • Glenora Croucher , “SGA favors divestiture; to urge trustee backing,” The Daily Illini , February 24 , 1983 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “Protestors Confront U. of I. Trustees,” Amandla , March 1983 , 2 , “Does the U. of I's banker support apartheid?” Amandla, June 1983, C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “Volunteers needed,” Amandla , June 1983 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “Illinois House considers divestment bill” Amandla , June 1983 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “Illinois House considers divestment bill,” Amandla , June 1983 , “Illinois Divestment Bill HB0569 to be voted on soon,” Amandla, February 1984, C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “Illinois House considers divestment bill,” Amandla , June 1983 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • Cheryl Johnson and Prexy Nesbitt , “CIDSA Letter from Cheryl Johnson and Prexy Nesbitt,” 1983 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “Editorial: Citizens must act now to help stop apartheid,” The Daily Illini , March/April 1984 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archives .
  • “Lobby for HB0569 in Springfield!!!” Amandla: Newsletter for the Coalition Against Apartheid , April 1984 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archives .
  • ACOA National Student Anti-Apartheid Letter , February 1984 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archives .
  • ACOA National Student Anti-Apartheid Letter , February 1984 , “Nationwide Protests target U.S. investment in South Africa,” ACOA News , March 15, 1984, C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • ACOA National Student Anti-Apartheid Letter , February 1984 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “National Two Weeks of Anti-Apartheid Action,” Amandla , April 1984 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “Nationwide Protests target U.S. investment in South Africa,” ACOA News , March 15 , 1984 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • Steve Apotheker , “H.B. 0569 Voted Down” Amandla , July 1984 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • Massie , 620 .
  • Jeff Libert , “Quad rally speakers call for divestiture,” The Daily Illini , September 13 , 1984 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • Olson , J. , “Slavery backed by U.I., U.S.: letter to the editor,” September 22 , 1984 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • Charles Stewart , “Letter to Trustee Albert Logan,” November 15 , 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • David Murphey , “Dumisani Kumalo speaks at U. of I.” Amandla , September 1984 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • The Champaign-Urbana Coalition Against Apartheid , “Memo to the University of Illinois Board of Trustees, From the C-U CAA, RE: Hearings, April 17 1980, on divestiture of University portfolio holdings in and with South Africa,” 11, C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “Does U. of I.'s banker support apartheid?” Amandla , June 1983 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “The University of Illinois: Investor in Apartheid” , Amandla , August 1983 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “Prexy Nesbitt speaks at U. of I.” Amandla , March 1983 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive.
  • Culverson , 124 – 25 .
  • Massie , 578 – 79 .
  • Massie , 559 .
  • Massie , 560 .
  • Nancy Robinson , “New Group seeks to push through divestiture move” , The Daily Illini , July 24 , 1984 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archieve .
  • Divestment, Board of Trustees presentation , November 14 , 1984 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archieve .
  • Coons , 6 .
  • “Vote—Student Election Referendum” , Amandla , May 11 , 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archieve .
  • Dave Olson , “S. African issues focus of activists in statewide tour: coalition leaders speak in C-U” , The Daily Illini , April 13 , 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC university Archieve .
  • Divestment Resolution , April 23 , 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • Divestment Resolution , April 23 , 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • Dave Olson , “SGA steps up efforts in push for divestment: Action comes in response to SGA elections” , The Daily Illini , April 16 , 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC Archive .
  • Tom Redmond , “Hundreds at UI protest apartheid” , The Champaign-Urbana News Gazette , May 9 , 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “University of Illinois BOT Update” , Amandla , May 18 , 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “Meeting of the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois , June 29 , 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • J. Phillip Bloomer , “Move to divest South African stock gains strength at UI” , Champaign-Urbana New Gazette , June 16 , 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “Trustees vote'No Change' Policy—Business in South Africa as Usual” , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • J. Phillip Bloomer , “Anti-apartheid protesters face UI disciplinary actions” , The Champaign-Urbana New Gazette , June 24 , 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archives .
  • “Trustees vote ‘No Change’ Policy—Business in South Africa as Usual” , 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “Trustees vote ‘No Change’ Policy—Business in South Africa as Usual” , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive, Ankur Goel, “Why we protested”, The Daily Illini , July 18 , 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “Introducing … the Divest Now Coalition” , Amandla , September 2 , 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “Divest Now Coalition Press Release” , October 7 , 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “DNC Update” , Amandla , November 1 , 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • Pete Parry , “Letter to Nina T. Shepherd” , October 30 , 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive (underlining in original document) .
  • Helen Satterthwaite , “Letter to Laurence James”, October 31, 1985, and “‘Retreat’ urged for discussion on divestiture” , The Daily Illini , November 4 , 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • J. Phillip Bloomer , “Trustees defeat divestment motion amid sharp debate” , The Champaign-Urbana News Gazette , November 14 , 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • Robin Gareiss “‘Divest II’ battle starts on Thursday: New motion to be introduced” , The Daily Illini , November 12 , 1985
  • J. Phillip Bloomer , “Trustees defeat divestment motion amid sharp debate” , The Champaign-Urbana News Gazette , November 14, 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • J. Phillip Bloomer quoting Al Logan in “Trustees defeat divestment motion amid sharp debate ”, The Champaign-Urbana News Gazette , November 14 , 1985 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • News Release , December 11 , 1985 , University Senates Conference, University of Illinois
  • Robin Gareiss , “Plans for retreat win final approval: Applications open to all students,” The Daily Illini , January 22, 1986
  • Pete Parry and C.A. Smyth , “Coalition presents concerns about retreat,” The Daily Illini , February 12, 1986 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • DNC Press Release , February 12 , 1986 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “Announcement from the Divest Now Coalition” , Amandla , February 24 , 1986 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • Meg McSherry , “IBM, GM officials: Grants unaffected by divest policies” , The Daily Illini , March 10 , 1986 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • J. Phillip Bloomer , “UI warns students to get approval for shanty” , The Champaign-Urbana News Gazette , April 9 , 1986 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • Michael Bushman , “Protest not violence will change UI tune on divestiture” , The Daily Illini , April 9 , 1986 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archives .
  • J. Phillip Bloomer , “UI student protestors could face reprimand, suspension” , The Champaign-Urbana News Gazette , April 11 , 1986 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • “Motion for the Full Divestment of University of Illinois Funds from corporations doing Business in South Africa” , April 10 , 1986 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • J. Phillip Bloomer , “UI student protestors could face reprimand, suspension” , The Champaign-Urbana News Gazette , April 11 , 1986
  • Dave Olson , “Attorney's office charges activists with trespassing,” The Daily Illini , April 15, 1986 .
  • Dave Olson , “Protestors tear down shantytown: Student leaders threatened with dismissal, suspension” , The Daily Illini , April 14 , 1986 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • Dave Olson , “Quad shanties taken down: Protestors awaken to find 30 UI officers at Auditorium” , The Daily Illini , April 21 , 1986 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • Stanley O. Ikenberry's “Letter to Steven Rhodes” , September 1986 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archieve .
  • J. Phillip Bloomer , “UI divestment vote was of little surprise: Protesters find no cause for celebration ,” The champaign-Urband News gazette , January 15 , 1987 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • Massie , 613
  • J. Phillip Bloomer , “UI divestment vote was of little surprise: Protesters find no cause for celebration” , The Champaign-Urbana News Gazatte , January 15 , 1987 , C-U CAA papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • J. Phillip Bloomer , “Questions remain after trustees divestment vote” , The Champaign-Urbana News-Gazatte , January 18 , 1987 , C-U CAA Papers UIUC University Archive .
  • Gina Bartlett , “Letter to the Board of Trustees” , June 1 , 1988 , C-U CAA Papers, UIUC University Archive .
  • Matthew Countryman , “Lessons of the Divestment Drive” , The Nation , March 26 , 1988 .

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