Comparisons of two global built area land cover datasets in methods to disaggregate human population in eleven countries from the global South

References

• Anderson, D. E., and P. N. Anderson. 1973. “Population Estimates by Humans and Machines.” Photogrammetric Engineering 39 (2): 147–154. http://trid.trb.org/view.aspx?id=92581.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azar, Derek, Ryan Engstrom, Jordan Graesser, and Joshua Comenetz. 2013. “Generation of Fine-Scale Population Layers Using Multi-Resolution Satellite Imagery and Geospatial Data.” Remote Sensing of Environment 130 (March): 219–232. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2012.11.022.
   Google Scholar
• Azar, Derek, Jordan Graesser, Ryan Engstrom, Joshua Comenetz, Robert M. Leddy, Nancy G. Schechtman, and Theresa Andrews. 2010. “Spatial Refinement of Census Population Distribution Using Remotely Sensed Estimates of Impervious Surfaces in Haiti.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 31 (21): 5635–5655. doi:10.1080/01431161.2010.496799.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balk, Deborah L., Uwe Deichmann, Greg Yetman, Francesca Pozzi, Simon I. Hay, and Andy Nelson. 2006. “Determining Global Population Distribution: Methods, Applications and Data.” Advances in Parasitology 62 (January): 119–156. doi:10.1016/S0065-308X(05)62004-0.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Balk, Deborah L., and Greg Yetman. 2004. The Global Distribution of Population: Evaluating the Gains in Resolution Refinement. New York: Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN). http://sedac.ciesin.org/gpw/docs/gpw3_documentation_final.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Barber, G. M. 1988. Elementary Statistics for Geographers. New York: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bhaduri, Budhendra, Edward Bright, Phillip R. Coleman, and Marie L. Urban. 2007. “LandScan USA: a High-Resolution Geospatial and Temporal Modeling Approach for Population Distribution and Dynamics.” GeoJournal 69 (1/2): 103–117. http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/27560012/landscan-usa-high-resolution-geospatial-temporal-modeling-approach-population-distribution-dynamics. doi: 10.1007/s10708-007-9105-9
   Google Scholar
• Bharti, Nita, Ali Djibo, Andrew J. Tatem, Bryan T. Grenfell, and Matthew J. Ferrari. 2016. “Measuring Populations to Improve Vaccination Coverage.” Scientific Reports 6 (1): 34541. doi:10.1038/srep34541.
   Google Scholar
• Bivand, Roger S., Tim Keitt, and Barry Rowlingson. 2017. “Rgdal: Bindings for the Geospatial Data Abstraction Library.” https://cran.r-project.org/package=rgdal.
   Google Scholar
• Bontemps, S., P. Defourny, E. V. Bogaert, O. Arino, V. Kalogirou, and J. R. Perez. 2011. “GLOBCOVER 2009 - Products Description and Validation Report.” European Space Agency.
   Google Scholar
• Breiman, Leo. 2001. “Random Forests.” Machine Learning 45 (1): 5–32. doi:10.1023/A:1010933404324.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calle, M. Luz, and Víctor Urrea. 2011. “Letter to the Editor: Stability of Random Forest Importance Measures.” Briefings in Bioinformatics 12 (1): 86–89. doi:10.1093/bib/bbq011.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• CIESIN. 2017. Gridded Population of the World, Version 4 (GPWv4): Population Count. New York: Center for International Earth Science Information Network, Columbia University. doi:10.7927/H4X63JVC.
   Google Scholar
• Corbane, Christina, Martino Pesaresi, Panagiotis Politis, Vasileios Syrris, Aneta J. Florczyk, Pierre Soille, Luca Maffenini, et al. 2017. “Big Earth Data Analytics on Sentinel-1 and Landsat Imagery in Support to Global Human Settlements Mapping.” Big Earth Data 1 (1–2): 118–144. doi:10.1080/20964471.2017.1397899. Taylor & Francis.
   Google Scholar
• Deville, Pierre, Catherine Linard, Samuel Martin, Marius Gilbert, Forrest R. Stevens, Andrea E. Gaughan, Vincent D. Blondel, and Andrew J. Tatem. 2014. “Dynamic Population Mapping Using Mobile Phone Data.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111 (45): 15888–15893. doi:10.1073/pnas.1408439111.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dobson, Jerome E., Edward A. Brlght, Phillip R. Coleman, and Brian A. Worley. 2000. “LandScan: A Global Population Database for Estimating Populations at Risk.” Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 66 (7): 849–857.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doxsey-Whitfield, Erin, Kytt MacManus, Susana B. Adamo, Linda Pistolesi, John Squires, Olena Borkovska, and Sandra R. Baptista. 2015. “Taking Advantage of the Improved Availability of Census Data: A First Look at the Gridded Population of the World, Version 4.” Papers in Applied Geography, doi:10.1080/23754931.2015.1014272.
   Google Scholar
• Eicher, Cory L., and Cynthia A. Brewer. 2001. “Dasymetric Mapping and Areal Interpolation: Implementation and Evaluation.” Cartography and Geographic Information Science 28 (2): 125–138. doi:10.1559/152304001782173727.
   Google Scholar
• Elvidge, Christopher D., Kimberly E. Baugh, Mikhail Zhizhin, and Feng-Chi Hsu. 2013. “Why VIIRS Data Are Superior to DMSP for Mapping Nighttime Lights.” Proceedings of the Asia-Pacific Advanced Network, 62–79. doi:10.7125/APAN.35.7.
   Google Scholar
• ESA. 2017. Land Cover CCI Product User Guide Version 2.0. Europeah Space Agency (ESA). http://maps.elie.ucl.ac.be/CCI/viewer/download/ESACCI-LC-Ph2-PUGv2_2.0.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Esch, T., M. Marconcini, A. Felbier, A. Roth, W. Heldens, M. Huber, M. Schwinger, H. Taubenbock, A. Mueller, and S. Dech. 2013. “Urban Footprint Processor—Fully Automated Processing Chain Generating Settlement Masks From Global Data of the TanDEM-X Mission.” IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 10 (6): 1617–1621. doi:10.1109/LGRS.2013.2272953.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esch, T., M. Marconcini, D. Marmanis, J. Zeidler, S. Elsayed, A. Metz, A. Mueller, and S. Dech. 2014. “Dimensioning Urbanization – An Advanced Procedure for Characterizing Human Settlement Properties and Patterns Using Spatial Network Analysis.” Applied Geography, doi:10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.09.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Commission Joint Research Centre, and Columbia University Center for International Earth Science Information Network. 2015. “GHS Population Grid, Derived from GPW4, Multitemporal (1975, 1990, 2000, 2015). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset].” European Comission, Joint Research Centre (JRC). http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-ghsl-ghs_pop_gpw4_globe_r2015a.
   Google Scholar
• Facebook Connectivity Lab, and Columbia University Center for International Earth Science Information Network. 2017. “High Resolution Settlement Layer (HRSL).” Facebook Connectivity Lab and Center for International Earth Science Information Network, Columbia University. https://ciesin.columbia.edu/data/hrsl/.
   Google Scholar
• Farr, T. G. 2007. “The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission.” Reviews of Geophysics 45), doi:10.1029/2005RG000183.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fick, Stephen E., and Robert J. Hijmans. 2017. “WorldClim 2: New 1-Km Spatial Resolution Climate Surfaces for Global Land Areas.” International Journal of Climatology, doi:10.1002/joc.5086.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Florczyk, A. J., M. Melchiorri, J. Zeidler, C. Corbane, M. Schiavina, S. Freire, F. Sabo, P. Politis, T. Esch, and M. Pesaresi. 2019. “The Generalised Settlement Area: Mapping the Earth Surface in the Vicinity of Built-up Areas.” International Journal of Digital Earth 0 (0): 1–16. doi:10.1080/17538947.2018.1550121. Taylor & Francis.
   Google Scholar
• Fotheringham, A. Stewart, and Peter A. Rogerson. 1993. “GIS and Spatial Analytical Problems.” International Journal of Geographical Information Systems 7: 3–19. doi: 10.1080/02693799308901936
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freire, Sergio, Kytt McManus, Martino Pesaresi, Erin Doxey-Whitfield, and Jane Mills. 2016. “Development of New Open and Free Multi-Temporal Global Population Grids at 250 m Resolution.” In Proceedings of the 19th AGILE conference on geographic information science, June 14–17, Helsinki, Finland.
   Google Scholar
• Frye, C., E. Nordstrand, and Environmental Systems Research Institute. 2017. Documentation for the World Population Estimated (WPE) Data Set. Redlands, CA: ESRI.
   Google Scholar
• Gaughan, Andrea E., Forrest R. Stevens, Zhuojie Huang, Jeremiah J. Nieves, Alessandro Sorichetta, Shengjie Lai, Xinyue Ye, et al. 2016. “Spatiotemporal Patterns of Population in Mainland China, 1990 to 2010.” Scientific Data 3 (February): 160005. doi:10.1038/sdata.2016.5. Macmillan Publishers Limited.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gaughan, Andrea E., Forrest R. Stevens, Catherine Linard, Peng Jia, and Andrew J. Tatem. 2013. “High Resolution Population Distribution Maps for Southeast Asia in 2010 and 2015.” PLOS ONE 8 (2): e55882. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0055882.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaughan, Andrea E., Forrest R. Stevens, Catherine Linard, Nirav N. Patel, and Andrew J. Tatem. 2014. “Exploring Nationally and Regionally Defined Models for Large Area Population Mapping.” International Journal of Digital Earth, 1–18. doi:10.1080/17538947.2014.965761.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GDAL Development Team. 2016. “GDAL – Geospatial Data Abstraction Library, Version 2.1.0.” Open Source Geospatial Foundation. http://www.gdal.org.
   Google Scholar
• Grekousis, George, Giorgos Mountrakis, and Marinos Kavouras. 2015. “An Overview of 21 Global and 43 Regional Land-Cover Mapping Products.” International Journal of Remote Sensing, doi:10.1080/01431161.2015.1093195.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hijmans, Robert J., Susan E. Cameron, Juan L. Parra, Peter G. Jones, and Andy Jarvis. 2005. “Very High Resolution Interpolated Climate Surfaces for Global Land Areas.” International Journal of Climatology 25 (15): 1965–1978. doi:10.1002/joc.1276.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hijmans, Robert J., and Jacob Van Etten. 2012. “Package ‘Raster.’” http://raster.r-forge.r-project.org/.
   Google Scholar
• Hughes, Christina, Emilio Zagheni, Guy J. Abel, Alessandro Sorichetta, Arkadius Wi’sniowski, Ingmar Weber, and Andrew J. Tatem. 2016. Inferring Migrations: Traditional Methods and New Approaches Based on Mobile Phone, Social Media, and Other Big Data: Feasibility Study on Inferring (Labour) Mobility and Migration in the European Union From Big Data and Social Media Data. Luxembourg: European Union. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/408499/.
   Google Scholar
• IUCN and UNEP. 2012. The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA). Cambridge: UNEP-WCMC. http://www.protectedplanet.net.
   Google Scholar
• Kampstra, Peter. 2008. “Beanplot: A Boxplot Alternative for Visual Comparison of Distributions.” Journal of Statistical Software 28: 1–9. http://www.jstatsoft.org/v28/c01/paper. doi: 10.18637/jss.v028.c01
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehner, Berhnard, Kris Verdin, Andy Jarvis, and World Wildlife Fund. 2006. HydroSHEDS Technical Documentation. World Wildlife Fund. http://www.worldwildlife.org/freshwater/pubs/HydroSHEDS_TechDoc_v10.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Liaw, Andy, and Matthew Wiener. 2002. “Classification and Regression by RandomForest.” R News 2 (3): 18–22. http://cran.r-project.org/doc/Rnews/.
   Google Scholar
• Linard, Catherine, Victor A. Alegana, Abdisalan M. Noor, Robert W. Snow, and Andrew J. Tatem. 2010. “A High Resolution Spatial Population Database of Somalia for Disease Risk Mapping.” International Journal of Health Geographics 9 (January): 45. doi:10.1186/1476-072X-9-45.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Linard, Catherine, Marius Gilbert, and Andrew J. Tatem. 2010. “Assessing the Use of Global Land Cover Data for Guiding Large Area Population Distribution Modelling.” GeoJournal 76 (5): 525–538. doi:10.1007/s10708-010-9364-8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lo, C. P. 1995. “Automated Population and Dwelling Unit Estimation From High-Resolution Satellite Images: A GIS Approach.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 16 (1): 17–34. doi:10.1080/01431169508954369. Taylor & Francis.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mennis, Jeremy. 2003. “Generating Surface Models of Population Using Dasymetric Mapping.” The Professional Geographer 55 (1): 31–42.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mennis, Jeremy. 2009. “Dasymetric Mapping for Estimating Population in Small Areas.” Geography Compass 3 (2): 727–745. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-8198.2009.00220.x
   Google Scholar
• Mennis, Jeremy, and Torrin Hultgren. 2006. “Intelligent Dasymetric Mapping and Its Application to Areal Interpolation.” Cartography and Geographic Information Science 33 (3): 179–194. doi:10.1559/152304006779077309.
   Google Scholar
• Merkens, Jan-Ludolf, and Athanasios T. Vafeidis. 2018. “Using Information on Settlement Patterns to Improve the Spatial Distribution of Population in Coastal Impact Assessments.” Sustainability 10 (9): 3170. doi:10.3390/su10093170. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nieves, Jeremiah J. 2016. “Global Population Distributions and the Environment: Discerning Observed Global and Regional Patterns.” M.S. Thesis, Department of Geography and Geosciences, University of Louisville.
   Google Scholar
• Nieves, Jeremiah J., Forrest R. Stevens, Andrea E. Gaughan, Catherine Linard, Alessandro Sorichetta, Graeme Hornby, Nirav N. Patel, and Andrew J. Tatem. 2017. “Examining the Correlates and Drivers of Human Population Distributions Across Low-and Middle-Income Countries.” Journal of the Royal Society Interface 14 (137), doi:10.1098/rsif.2017.0401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OSM. 2017. “OpenStreetMap The Free Wiki World Map.” OpenStreetMap Contributors, CC-BY-SA.
   Google Scholar
• Patel, Nirav N., Forrest R. Stevens, Zhuojie Huang, Andrea E. Gaughan, Iqbal Elyazar, and Andrew J. Tatem. 2016. “Improving Large Area Population Mapping Using Geotweet Densities.” Transactions in GIS, doi:10.1111/tgis.12214. Early Access.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pesaresi, Martino, Daniele Ehrlich, Aneta J. Florczyk, Sergio Freire, Andreea Julea, Thomas Kemper, Pierre Soille, and Vasileios Syrris. 2015. “GHS Built-up Grid, Derived from Landsat, Multitemporal (1975, 1990, 2000, 2014).” European Comissions, Joint Research Centre. http://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset/jrc-ghsl-ghs_built_ldsmt_globe_r2015b.
   Google Scholar
• Pesaresi, Martino, Daniele Ehrlich, Aneta J. Florczyk, Sergio Freire, Andreea Julea, Thomas Kemper, Pierre Soille, and Vasileios Syrris. 2016. Operating Procedure for the Production of the Global Human Settlement Layer From Landsat Data of the Epochs 1975, 1990, 2000, and 2014. Ispra: European Comission Joint Research Centre. doi:10.2788/253582.
   Google Scholar
• Phillips, Nathaniel. 2017. “Yarrr: A Companion to the e-Book ‘YaRrr!: The Pirate’s Guide to R.’” https://cran.r-project.org/package=yarrr.
   Google Scholar
• Potere, David, Annemarie Schneider, Shlomo Angel, and Daniel Civco. 2009. “Mapping Urban Areas on a Global Scale: Which of the Eight Maps Now Available Is More Accurate?” International Journal of Remote Sensing 30 (24): 6531–6558. doi:10.1080/01431160903121134.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roy, Dulal Chandra, and Thomas Blaschke. 2014. “A Grid-Based Approach for Refining Population Data in Rural Areas.” Journal of Geography and Regional Planning 7 (3): 47–57. doi:10.5897/JGRP2013.0409.
   Google Scholar
• Schneider, A., Mark A. Friedl, and D. Potere. 2009. “A New Map of Global Urban Extent From MODIS Satellite Data.” Environmental Research Letters 4 (4): 044003. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/4/4/044003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider, Annemarie, Mark A. Friedl, and David Potere. 2010. “Mapping Global Urban Areas Using MODIS 500-m Data: New Methods and Datasets Based on ‘Urban Ecoregions.’” Remote Sensing of Environment 114 (8): 1733–1746. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2010.03.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Small, Christopher, and Robert J. Nicholls. 2003. “A Global Analysis of Human Settlement in Coastal Zones.” Journal of Coastal Research 19 (3): 584–599.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sorichetta, Alessandro, Graeme M. Hornby, Forrest R. Stevens, Andrea E. Gaughan, Catherine Linard, and Andrew J. Tatem. 2015. “High-Resolution Gridded Population Datasets for Latin America and the Caribbean in 2010, 2015, and 2020.” Scientific Data 2 (150045), doi:10.1038/sdata.2015.45.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Steele, Jessica E., Pål Roe Sundsøy, Carla Pezzulo, Victor A. Alegana, Tomas J. Bird, Joshua Blumenstock, Johannes Bjelland, et al. 2017. “Mapping Poverty Using Mobile Phone and Satellite Data.” Journal of the Royal Society Interface 14 (127), doi:10.1098/rsif.2016.0690.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stevens, Forrest R., Andrea E. Gaughan, Catherine Linard, and Andrew J. Tatem. 2015. “Disaggregating Census Data for Population Mapping Using Random Forests with Remotely-Sensed and Ancillary Data.” PLOS ONE 10 (2): e0107042. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0107042.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sutton, P., D. Roberts, C. Elvidge, and K. Baugh. 2001. “Census From Heaven: An Estimate of the Global Human Population Using Night-Time Satellite Imagery.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 22 (16): 3061–3076. doi:10.1080/01431160010007015. Taylor & Francis.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tatem, Andrew J. 2014. “Mapping the Denominator: Spatial Demography in the Measurement of Progress.” International Health, doi:10.1093/inthealth/ihu0575.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tobler, Waldo, Uwe Deichmann, Jon Gottsegen, and Kelly Maloy. 1997. “World Population in a Grid of Spherical Quadrilaterals.” International Journal of Population Geography 3: 203–225. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1220(199709)3:3<203::AID-IJPG68>3.0.CO;2-C
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Willmott, Cort J., Scott M. Robeson, and Kenji Matsuura. 2012. “A Refined Index of Model Performance.” International Journal of Climatology 32 (13): 2088–2094. doi:10.1002/joc.2419.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willmott, Cort J., Scott M. Robeson, Kenji Matsuura, and Darren L. Ficklin. 2015. “Assessment of Three Dimensionless Measures of Model Performance.” Environmental Modelling & Software 73 (November): 167–174. doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.08.012.
   Google Scholar