385
Views
13
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Overcoming flaws in permeability measures: modified route directness

References

  • Badland, H. , G. Schofield , and N. Garrett . 2008. “Travel Behavior and Objectively Measured Urban Design Variables: Associations for Adults Traveling to Work.” Health & Place 14: 85–95.10.1016/j.healthplace.2007.05.002
  • Badland, H. , G. Schofield , K. Witten , P. Schluter , S. Mavoa , R. Kearns , E. Hinckson , et al. 2009. “Understanding the Relationship between Activity and Neighbourhoods (URBAN) Study: Research Design and Methodology.” BMC Public Health 9: 224. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-9-224.
  • Baran, P. , Daniel A. Rodríguez , and A. Khattak . 2008. “Space Syntax and Walking in a New Urbanist and Suburban Neighbourhoods.” Journal of Urban Design 13 (1): 5–28.10.1080/13574800701803498
  • Barthelemy, M. 2015. “From Paths to Blocks: New Measures for Street Patterns.” Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science 44: 256–271.
  • Berrigan, D. , L. Pickle , and J. Dill . 2010. “Associations between Street Connectivity and Active Transportation.” International Journal of Health Geographics 9: 20.10.1186/1476-072X-9-20
  • Boone-Heinonen, J. , P. Gordon-Larsen , B. Popkin , and Y. Song . 2010. “What Neighborhood Area Captures Built Environment Features Related to Adolescent Physical Activity?” Health Place 16 (6): 1280–1286.10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.06.015
  • Carr, L. , S. Dunsiger , and B. Marcus . 2010. “Walk Score™ as a Global Estimate of Neighborhood Walkability.” American Journal of Preventive Medicine 39 (5): 460–463.10.1016/j.amepre.2010.07.007
  • Ellis, G. , R. Hunter , M. Tully , M. Donnelly , L. Kelleher , and F. Kee . (2015) “Connectivity and Physical Activity: Using Footpath Networks to Measure the Walkability of Built Environments.” Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science 43: 130–151.
  • Forsyth, A. , J. Hearst , M. Oakes , and K. Schmitz . 2008. “Design and Destinations: Factors Influencing Walking and Total Physical Activity.” Urban Studies 45 (9): 1973–1996.10.1177/0042098008093386
  • Forsyth, A. , M. Oakes , K. Schmitz , and M. Hearst . 2007. “Does Residential Density Increase Walking and Other Physical Activity?” Urban Studies 44 (4): 679–687.
  • Forsyth, A. , K. Schmitz , M. Oakes , J. Zimmerman , and J. Koepp . 2006. “Standards for Environmental Measurement Using GIS: Toward a Protocol for Protocols.” Journal of Physical Activity and Health 3 (s1): S241–S257.10.1123/jpah.3.s1.s241
  • Frank, L. , J. Sallis , T. Conway , J. Chapman , B. Saelens , and W. Bachman . 2006. “Many Pathways from Land Use to Health: Associations between Neighborhood Walkability and Active Transportation, Body Mass Index, and Air Quality.” Journal of the American Planning Association 72 (1): 75–87.10.1080/01944360608976725
  • Giles-Corti, B. , G. Wood , T. Pikora , V. Learnihan , M. Bulsara , K. Van Niel , A. Timperio , G. McCormack , and K. Villanueva . 2011. “School Site and the Potential to Walk to School: The Impact of Street Connectivity and Traffic Exposure in School Neighborhoods.” Health & Place 17: 545–550.10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.12.011
  • Hamidi, S ., and R. Ewing . 2015. “Measuring Sprawl and Its Impacts: An Update.” Journal of Planning Education and Research 35 (1): 35–50.
  • Haskell, W. , S. Blair , and J. Hill . 2009. “Physical Activity: Health Outcomes and Importance for Public Health Policy.” Preventive Medicine 49: 280–282.10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.05.002
  • Heinrich, K. , R. Lee , R. Suminski , G. Regan , J. Reese-Smith , H. Howard , C. Haddock , W. Poston , and J. Ahluwalia . 2007. “Associations between the Built-Environment and Physical Activity in Public Housing Residents.” International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 4: 1.
  • Hess, P. 1997. “Measures of Connectivity.” Places 11 (2): 58–65.
  • Hooper, P. , B. Giles-Corti , and M. Knuiman . 2014. “Evaluating the Implementation and Active Living Impacts of a State Government Planning Policy Designed to Create Walkable Neighborhoods in Perth, Western Australia.” American Journal of Health Promotion 28 (3_suppl): S5–S18.10.4278/ajhp.130503-QUAN-226
  • Inoue, S. , N. Murase , T. Shimomitsu , Y. Ohya , Y. Odagiri , T. Takamiya , K. Ishii , T. Katsumura , and J. Sallis . 2009. “Association of Physical Activity and Neighborhood Environment among Japanese Adults.” Preventive Medicine 48: 321–325.10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.01.014
  • Kaczynski, A. , M. Koohsari , S. Stanis , R. Bergstrom , and T. Sugiyama . 2014. “Association of Street Connectivity and Road Traffic Speed with Park Usage and Park-Based Physical Activity.” American Journal of Health Promotion 28 (3): 197–203.10.4278/ajhp.120711-QUAN-339
  • Knight, P. , and W. Marshall . 2015. “The Metrics of Street Network Connectivity: Their Inconsistencies.” Journal of Urbanism 8 (3): 241–259.
  • Koohsari, J. , N. Owen , E. Cerin , B. Giles-Corti , and T. Sugiyami . 2016. “Walkability and Walking for Transport: Characterizing the Built Environment using Space Syntax.” International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 13: 121.
  • Koohsari, M. , N. Owen , R. Cole , S. Mavoa , K. Oka , T. Hanibuchi , and T. Sugiyama . 2017. “Built Environmental Factors and Adults’ Travel Behaviors: Role of Street Layout and Local Destinations.” Preventive Medicine 96: 124–128.10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.12.021
  • Koohsari, M. , T. Sugiyama , K. Lamb , K. Villanueva , and N. Owen . 2014. “Street Connectivity and Walking for Transport: Role of Neighborhood Destinations.” Preventive Medicine 66: 118–122.10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.06.019
  • Koohsari, M. , T. Sugiyama , S. Sahlqvist , S. Mavoa , N. Hadgraft , and N. Owen . 2015. “Neighborhood Environmental Attributes and Adults’ Sedentary Behaviors: Review and Research Agenda.” Preventive Medicine 77: 141–149.10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.05.027
  • Koohsari, M. , T. Sugiyama , A. Shibata , K. Ishii , Y. Liao , T. Hanibuchi , N. Owen , and K. Oka . 2017. “Associations of Street Layout with Walking and Sedentary Behaviors in an Urban and a Rural Area of Japan.” Health & Place 45: 64–69.10.1016/j.healthplace.2017.03.003
  • Marshall, W. , and N. Garrick . 2010. “Effect of Street Network Design on Walking and Biking.” Transportation Research Record 2198: 103–115.10.3141/2198-12
  • Marshall, W. , and N. Garrick . 2012. “Community Design and How Much We Drive.” The Journal of Transport and Land Use 5 (2): 5–21.
  • McDonald, K. , J. M. Oakes , and A. Forsyth . 2012. “Effect of Street Connectivity and Density on Adult BMI: Results from the Twin Cities Walking Study.” Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 66 (7): 636–640.10.1136/jech.2010.122556
  • Mecredy, G. , W. Pickett , and I. Janssen . 2011. “Street Connectivity is Negatively Associated with Physical Activity in Canadian Youth.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 8: 3333–3350.10.3390/ijerph8083333
  • Oakes, J. , A. Forsyth , and K. Schmitz . 2007. “The Effects of Neighborhood Density and Street Connectivity on Walking Behavior: The Twin Cities Walking Study.” Epidemiologic Perspectives & Innovations 4: 16.10.1186/1742-5573-4-16
  • Ozbil, A. , J. Peponis , and B. Stone . 2011. “Understanding the Link between Street Connectivity, Land Use and Pedestrian Flows.” Urban Design International 16: 125–141.10.1057/udi.2011.2
  • Pafka, E. , and K. Dovey . 2017. “Permeability and Interface Catchment: Measuring and Mapping Walkable Access.” Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability 10 (2): 1–13.
  • Randall, T. , and B. Baetz . 2001. “Evaluating Pedestrian Connectivity for Suburban Sustainability.” Journal of Urban Planning and Development 127 (1): 1–15.10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9488(2001)127:1(1)
  • Saelens, B. , and S. Handy . 2008. “Built Environment Correlates of Walking.” Medicine and Science in Sports Exercise 40 (Supplement): S550–S566.10.1249/MSS.0b013e31817c67a4
  • Schlossberg, M. 2006. “From TIGER to Audit Instruments: Measuring Neighborhood Walkability with Street Data Based on Geographic Information Systems.” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1982: 48–56.10.3141/1982-08
  • Stangl, P. 2012. “The Pedestrian Route Directness Test: A New Level-of-Service Model.” Urban Design International 17 (3): 228–238.10.1057/udi.2012.14
  • Stangl, P. 2015. “Block-Size Based Measures of Street Connectivity: A Critical Assessment and New Approach.” Urban Design International 20 (1): 44–55.10.1057/udi.2013.36
  • Stangl, P. , and J. Guinn . 2011. “Neighborhood Design, Connectivity Assessment and Obstruction.” Urban Design International 16 (4): 285–296.10.1057/udi.2011.14
  • Sugiyama, T. , M. Neuhaus , R. Cole , B. Giles-Corti , and N. Owen . 2012. “Destination and Route Attributes Associated with Adults’ Walking.” Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 44 (7): 1275–1286.10.1249/MSS.0b013e318247d286
  • Thorp, A. , N. Owen , M. Neuhaus , and D. Dunstan . 2011. “Sedentary Behaviors and Subsequent Health Outcomes in Adults: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies, 1996–2011.” American Journal of Preventive Medicine 41: 207–215.10.1016/j.amepre.2011.05.004
  • Wang, F. , M. Wen , and Y. Xu . 2013. “Population-Adjusted Street Connectivity, Urbanicity and Risk of Obesity in the U.S.” Applied Geography 41: 1–14.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.