A biogeographic and evolutionary analysis of the flora of the North-eastern cerrado, Brazil

References

• Antonelli A, Zizka A, Carvalho FA, Scharn R, Bacon CD, Silvestro D, Condamine FL. 2018. Amazonia is the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 115(23):6034–6039.
   Google Scholar
• Assad ED, Sano EE, Masutomo R, Castro LHR, Silva FAM. 2001. Veranicos na região do Cerrado brasileiro: frequência e probabilidade de ocorrência. In: Assad ED, editor. Chuva no Cerrado: análise e espacialização, p.43-48. 2ª ed. Planaltina (DF): Embrapa Cerrados.
   Google Scholar
• Bacon CD, R M M, Jaramillo C, Antonelli A. 2017. Endemic palm species shed light on habitat shifts and the assembly of the Cerrado and Restinga floras. Mol Phylogenet Evol. 110:127–133.
   Google Scholar
• Beckage B, Platt WJ, Gross LJ. 2009. Vegetation, fire, and feedbacks: a disturbance‐mediated model of savannas. Am Nat. 174(6):805–818.
   Google Scholar
• Borcard D, Gillet F, Legendre P. 2011. Numerical ecology with R. New York (NY): Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Bridgewater S, Ratter JA, Felipe Ribeiro J. 2004. Biogeographic patterns, β-diversity and dominance in the cerrado biome of Brazil. Biodivers Conserv. 13(12):2295–2317.
   Google Scholar
• Bueno ML, Pennington RT, Dexter KG, Kamino LHY, Pontara V, Neves DM, Ratter JA, de Oliveira-Filho AT. 2016. Effects of quaternary climatic fluctuations on the distribution of Neotropical savanna tree species. Ecography. 40(3):403–414.
   Google Scholar
• Bueno ML, Rezende VL, Pontara V, de Oliveira-Filho AT. 2017. Floristic distributional patterns in a diverse ecotonal area in South America. Plant Ecol. 218(10):1171–1186.
   Google Scholar
• Caiafa AN, Martins FR. 2007. Taxonomic identification, sampling methods, and minimum size of the tree sampled: implications and perspectives for studies in the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest. Funct Ecosyst Communities. 1(2):95–104.
   Google Scholar
• Carvalho G. 2017. flora: tools for interacting with the Brazilian Flora 2020. R package version 0.2.8
   Google Scholar
• Castro AAJF. 1994a. Comparação florística de espécies do cerrado. Silvicultura. 15:16–18.
   Google Scholar
• Castro AAJF 1994b. Comparação florístico-geográfica (Brasil) e fitossociológica (Piauí - São Paulo) de amostras de cerrado [PhD]. Campinas (SP): Universidade Estadual de Campinas.
   Google Scholar
• Castro AAJF, Castro NMCF, JMd Costa, Farias RRS, Mendes MRA, Albino RS, Barros JSOliveira MEA. 2007. Cerrados marginais do nordeste e ecótonos associados. Revista Brasileira De Biociências. 5:273-275.
   Google Scholar
• Castro AAJF, Martins FR. 1999. Cerrados do Brasil e do Nordeste: caracterização, área de ocupação e considerações sobre a sua fitodiversidade. Pesquisa Em Foco. 7(9):147–178.
   Google Scholar
• Castro AAJF, Martins FR, Fernandes AG. 1998. The woody flora of cerrado vegetation in the state of Piaui, northeastern Brazil. Edinburgh J Bot. 55(3):455–472.
   Google Scholar
• Castro AAJF, Martins FR, Tamashiro JY, Shepherd GJ. 1999. How rich is the flora of Brazilian Cerrados? Ann Missouri Bot Gard. 86(1):192–224.
   Google Scholar
• Cerling TE, Harris JM, MacFadden BJ, Leakey MG, Quade J, Eisenmann V, Ehleringer JR. 1997. Global vegetation change through the Miocene/Pliocene boundary. Nature. 389(6647):153–158.
   Google Scholar
• Coutinho LM. 1978. O conceito de cerrado. Revista Brasileira De Botânica. 1(1):17–23.
   Google Scholar
• Coutinho LM. 1990. Fire in the ecology of the Brazilian cerrado. In: Goldammer JG, editor. Fire in Tropical Biota. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; p. 82–105.
   Google Scholar
• Flora do Brasil 2020 under construction. 2018. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro; [accessed 2018 Apr 18]. http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/
   Google Scholar
• Françoso RD, Haidar RF, Machado RB. 2016. Tree species of South America central savanna: endemism, marginal areas and the relationship with other biomes. Acta Botanica Brasilica. 30:78–86.
   Google Scholar
• Furley P. 2010. Tropical savannas: biomass, plant ecology, and the role of fire and soil on vegetation. Prog Prog Phys Geogr Earth Environ. 34(4):563–585.
   Google Scholar
• GBIF. 2018. Global biodiversity information facility - GBIF home page. [accessed 2018 Apr 24]. http://gbif.org.
   Google Scholar
• Gottsberger G, Silberbauer-Gottsberger I. 2006. Life in the cerrado. A South American tropical seasonal ecosystem. In: Vol. I – Origin, structure, dynamics and plant use. Ulm: Reta Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• Graham CH, Moritz C, Williams SE. 2006. Habitat history improves prediction of biodiversity in rainforest fauna. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 103(3):632–636.
   Google Scholar
• Heringer EP, Barroso GM, Rizzo JA, Rizzini CT. 1977. A flora do Cerrado. In: Ferri MG, editor. IV Simpósio sobre o Cerrado – bases para utilização agropecuária. São Paulo & Belo Horizonte: EDUSP & Ed. Itatiaia; p. 211–232.
   Google Scholar
• IV APG. 2016. An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV. Bot J Linn Soc. 181(1):1–20.
   Google Scholar
• Legendre P, Legendre L. 1998. Numerical ecology. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Legendre P, Legendre L. 2012. Numerical Ecology. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Lopes AS, Cox FR. 1977. Cerrado vegetation in Brazil: an edaphic gradient. Agron J. 69(5):828–831. English.
   Google Scholar
• Maurin O, Davies TJ, Burrows JE, Daru BH, Yessoufou K, Muasya AM, van der Bank M, Bond WJ. 2014. Savanna fire and the origins of the ‘underground forests’ of Africa. New Phytol. 204(1):201–214.
   Google Scholar
• McCune B. 1997. Influence of noisy environmental data on canonical correspondence analysis. Ecology. 78:2617–2623.
   Google Scholar
• McCune B, Grace J. 2002. Chapter 24, MRPP (multi-response permutation procedures) and related techniques. In: McCune B, Grace JB, Urban DL, editors. Analysis of ecological communities. Gleneden Beach (OR, USA): MjM Software Design, Oregon; p. 188–197.
   Google Scholar
• McCune B, Grace JB, Urban DL. 2002. Analysis of ecological communities. Vol. 28. Gleneden Beach (OR): MjM software design.
   Google Scholar
• Mendonça RC, Felfili JM, Walter BMT, Silva Júnior MC, Rezende AV, Filgueiras TS, Nogueira PE. 1998. Flora vascular do cerrado. In: Sano SM, Almeida SP, editors. Cerrado: ambiente e flora. Planaltina (DF): Embrapa-CPAC; p. 289–556.
   Google Scholar
• Mendonça RC, Felfili JM, Walter BMT, Silva Júnior MC, Rezende AV, Filgueiras TS, Nogueira PE, Fagg CW. 2008. Flora vascular do bioma Cerrado. In: Sano SM, Almeida SP, Ribeiro JF, editors. Cerrado: ecologia e flora. Brasília: Embrapa Cerrados/Embrapa Informação Tecnológica; p. 222–1279.
   Google Scholar
• Mielke PW, Berry KJ, Johnson ES. 1976. Multi-response permutation procedures for a priori classifications. Commun Stati Theory Methods. 5(14):1409–1424.
   Google Scholar
• Minchin PR. 1987. An evaluation of the relative robustness of techniques for ecological ordination [journal article]. Vegetatio. 69(1):89–107.
   Google Scholar
• Myers N, Mittermeier RA, Mittermeier CG, GAB DF, Kent J. 2000. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature. 403(6772):853–858.
   Google Scholar
• Neves DM, Dexter KG, Pennington RT, Valente ASM, Bueno ML, Eisenlohr PV, Fontes MAL, Miranda PLS, Moreira SN, Rezende VL, et al. 2017. Dissecting a biodiversity hotspot: the importance of environmentally marginal habitats in the Atlantic Forest Domain of South America. Divers Distrib. 23(8):898–909.
   Google Scholar
• Oksanen J, Guillaume Blanchet F, Kindt R, Legendre P, Minchin PR, O’Hara RB, Simpson GL, Solymos P, Stevens MHH, Wagner H. 2016. vegan: community ecology package. R Package Version. 2:3–5.
   Google Scholar
• Oliveira-Filho AT, Ratter JA. 2002. Vegetation physiognomies and woody flora of the Cerrado biome. In: Oliveira PS, Marquis RJ, editors. The Cerrados of Brazil: ecology and natural history of a neotropical savanna. New York (NY): Columbia University Press; p. 91–120.
   Google Scholar
• Olson DM, Dinerstein E, Wikramanayake ED, Burgess ND, Powell GVN, Underwood EC, D’Amico JA, Itoua I, Strand HE, Morrison JC, et al. 2001. Terrestrial ecoregions of the world: a new map of life on earth. BioScience. 51(11):933–938.
   Google Scholar
• Ortiz-Jaureguizar E, Cladera GA. 2006. Paleoenvironmental evolution of southern South America during the Cenozoic. J Arid Environ. 66(3):498–532.
   Google Scholar
• Parenti LR, Ebach MC. 2013. Evidence and hypothesis in biogeography. J Biogeogr. 40(5):813–820.
   Google Scholar
• Pennington RT, Hughes CE. 2014. The remarkable congruence of New and Old World savanna origins. New Phytol. 204(1):4–6.
   Google Scholar
• Pennington RT, Richardson JE, Lavin M. 2006. Insights into the historical construction of species-rich biomes from dated plant phylogenies, neutral ecological theory and phylogenetic community structure [Review]. New Phytol. 172(4):605–616.
   Google Scholar
• Prance GT. 1996. Islands in Amazonia. Philos Trans R Soc Bio Sci. 351(1341):823–833.
   Google Scholar
• R Development Core Team. 2018. R: A language and environment for statistical computing Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. http://www.R-project.org/.
   Google Scholar
• Rabinowitz D, Cairns S, Dillon T. 1986. Seven forms of rarity and their frequency in the flora of the British Isles. In: Soulé ME, editor. Conservation biology: the science of scarcity and diversity. Massachusetts: Sinauer Associates; p. 182–204.
   Google Scholar
• Ratajczak Z, D’Odorico P, Yu K. 2017. The enemy of my enemy hypothesis: why coexisting with grasses may be an adaptive strategy for savanna trees. Ecosystems. 20(7):1278–1295.
   Google Scholar
• Ratter JA, Bridgewater S, Atkinson R, Ribeiro JF. 1996. Analysis of the floristic composition of the Brazilian cerrado vegetation II: comparison of the woody vegetation of 98 areas. Edinburgh J Bot. 53(2):153–180.
   Google Scholar
• Ratter JA, Bridgewater S, Ribeiro JF. 2001. Espécies lenhosas da fitofisionomia cerrado sentido amplo em 170 localidades do bioma Cerrado. Boletim Do Herbário Ezechias Paulo Heringer. 7(5):5–112.
   Google Scholar
• Ratter JA, Bridgewater S, Ribeiro JF. 2003. Analysis of the floristic composition of the Brazilian Cerrado vegetation III: comparison of the woody vegetation of 376 areas. Edinburgh J Bot. 60(01):57–109.
   Google Scholar
• Ratter JA, Bridgewater S, Ribeiro JF, Fonsêca-Filho J, Rodrigues Da Silva M, Milliken W, Pullan M, Pott A, Oliveira-Filho AT, Durigan G et al. 2011. Analysis of the floristic composition of the Brazilian cerrado vegetation IV: presentation of a Revised Data-Base of 367 Areas. [accessed 2011 Nov 18]. http://cerrado.rbge.org.uk/cerrado.
   Google Scholar
• Ratter JA, Dargie TCD. 1992. An analysis of the floristic composition of 26 cerrado areas in Brazil. Edinburgh J Bot. 49(2):235–250.
   Google Scholar
• Reatto A, Correia JR, Spera ST, Martins ES. 2008. Solos do Bioma Cerrado: aspectos pedológicos. In: Sano SM, Almeida SP, Ribeiro JF, editors. Cerrado: ecologia e flora. Brasília: Embrapa Cerrados/Embrapa Informação Tecnológica; p. 107–134.
   Google Scholar
• Reveal JL. 1981. The concepts of rarity and population threats in plant communities. In: Morse LE, Henefin MS, editors. Rare plant conservation. Bronx: The New York Botanical Garden; p. 41–46.
   Google Scholar
• Rizzini CT. 1963. A flora do cerrado, análise florística das savanas centrais. In: Ferri MG, editor. Simpósio sobre o cerrado. São Paulo (SP): EDUSP; p. 105–153.
   Google Scholar
• Rizzini CT. 1979. Tratado de fitogeografia do Brasil - aspectos sociológicos e florísticos. Vol. 2. São Paulo: EDUSP.
   Google Scholar
• Rohlf FJ. 1963. Classification of aedes by numerical taxonomic methods (diptera: culicidae)1. Ann Entomol Soc Am. 56(6):798–804.
   Google Scholar
• Sarmiento G. 1983. The savannas of tropical America. In: Bourliére F, editor. Tropical Savannas. Amsterdan: Elsevier; p. 245–288.
   Google Scholar
• Sarmiento G, Goldstein G, Meinzer F. 1985. Adaptive strategies of woody species in neotropical savannas. Bioll Rev. 60(3):315–355.
   Google Scholar
• Silva DM, Batalha MA. 2011. Defense syndromes against herbivory in a cerrado plant community. Plant Ecol. 212(2):181–193.
   Google Scholar
• Silva FAM, Assad ED, Evangelista BA. 2008. Caracterização climática do Bioma Cerrado. In: Sano SM, Almeida SP, Ribeiro JF, editors. Cerrado: ecologia e flora. Brasília: Embrapa Cerrados/Embrapa Informação Tecnológica; p. 61–88.
   Google Scholar
• Silva JMC, Bates JM. 2002. Biogeographic patterns and conservation in the South American Cerrado: a tropical hotspot. BioScience. 52(3):225–233.
   Google Scholar
• Simon MF, Grether R, de Queiroz LP, Skema C, Pennington RT, Hughes CE. 2009. Recent assembly of the cerrado, a neotropical plant diversity hotspot, by in situ evolution of adaptations to fire. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 106(48):20359–20364.
   Google Scholar
• Simon MF, Pennington RT. 2012. The evolution of adaptations of woody plants in the savannas of the Brazilian cerrado. Int J Plant Sci. 173:711–723.
   Google Scholar
• speciesLink. 2017. Sistema de Informação Distribuído para Coleções Biológicas. Centro de Referência em Informação Ambiental, CRIA; [accessed 2018 Apr 10]. http://splink.cria.org.br.
   Google Scholar
• Ter Braak CJF. 1995. Ordination. In: Jongman R, Braak C, Tongeren O, editors. Data analysis in community and landscape ecology. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press; p. 91–173.
   Google Scholar
• Turner IM. 1994. The taxonomy and ecology of the vascular plant flora of Singapore: a statistical analysis. Bot J Linn Soc. 114(3):215–227.
   Google Scholar
• Verstraete B, Janssens S, Rønsted N. 2017. Non-nodulated bacterial leaf symbiosis promotes the evolutionary success of its host plants in the coffee family (Rubiaceae). Mol Phylogenet Evol. 113:161–168.
   Google Scholar
• Werneck FP, Nogueira C, Colli GR, Sites JW, Costa GC. 2012. Climatic stability in the Brazilian Cerrado: implications for biogeographical connections of South American savannas, species richness and conservation in a biodiversity hotspot. J Biogeogr. 39(9):1695–1706.
   Google Scholar