105
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Bridging farmers’ non-cognitive and self-conscious emotional factors to cognitive determinants of climate change adaptation in southwest Iran

ORCID Icon, , ORCID Icon, , ORCID Icon &
Received 02 Aug 2023, Accepted 13 Mar 2024, Published online: 27 Mar 2024

References

  • Abbasi, Z. A. K., & Nawaz, A. (2020). Impact of climate change awareness on climate change adaptions and climate change adaptation issues. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research, 33(3), 619–636.
  • Abrahamse, W., & Steg, L. (2009). How do socio-demographic and psychological factors relate to households’ direct and indirect energy use and savings? Journal of Economic Psychology, 30(5), 711–720. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2009.05.006
  • Agriculture Organization of Khuzestan. (2017). Agricultural Status Report in the Last Ten Years, 2017.
  • Ahmed, O., Hossain, M. A., & Rana, M. S. (2018). Role of self-esteem and study habit on academic achievement of university students. Bangladesh Journal of Psychology, 21, 81–92.
  • Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behaviour. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
  • Ajzen, I. (2002). Perceived behavioral control, self-efficacy, locus of control, and the theory of planned behavior 1. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32(4), 665–683. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2002.tb00236.x
  • Akinyemi, F. O. (2017). Climate change and variability in Semiarid Palapye, Eastern Botswana: An assessment from smallholder farmers’ perspective. Weather, Climate, and Society, 9(3), 349–365. https://doi.org/10.1175/WCAS-D-16-0040.1
  • Arunrat, N., Wang, C., Pumijumnong, N., Sereenonchai, S., & Cai, W. (2017). Farmers’ intention and decision to adapt to climate change: A case study in the Yom and Nan basins, Phichit province of Thailand. Journal of Cleaner Production, 143, 672–685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.058
  • Bamberg, S. (2013). Changing environmentally harmful behaviors: A stage model of self-regulated behavioral change. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 34, 151–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2013.01.002
  • Bamberg, S., & Möser, G. (2007). Twenty years after Hines, Hungerford, and Tomera: A new meta-analysis of psycho-social determinants of pro-environmental behaviour. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 27(1), 14–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2006.12.002
  • Baumeister, R. F., Stillwell, A. M., & Heatherton, T. F. (1994). Guilt: An interpersonal approach. Psychological Bulletin, 115(2), 243-267. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.115.2.243
  • Baumgartner, H., Pieters, R., & Bagozzi, R. P. (2008). Future-oriented emotions: Conceptualization and behavioral effects. European Journal of Social Psychology, 38(4), 685–696. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.467
  • Bissing-Olson, M. J., Fielding, K. S., & Iyer, A. (2016). Experiences of pride, not guilt, predict pro-environmental behavior when pro-environmental descriptive norms are more positive. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 45, 145–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2016.01.001
  • Björnsson, G., & McPherson, T. (2014). Moral attitudes for non-cognitivists: Solving the specification problem. Mind; A Quarterly Review of Psychology and Philosophy, 123(489), 1–38. https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/fzu031
  • Boazar, M., Yazdanpanah, M., & Abdeshahi, A. (2019). Response to water crisis: How do Iranian farmers think about and intent in relation to switching from rice to less water-dependent crops? Journal of Hydrology, 570, 523–530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.01.021
  • Chen, M. F., & Tung, P. J. (2014). Developing an extended theory of planned behavior model to predict consumers’ intention to visit green hotels. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 36, 221–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.09.006
  • Cherry, K., (2022). What is cognitive psychology? The science of how we think. https://www.verywellmind.com/cognitive-psychology-4157181
  • Conner, M., & Armitage, C. J. (1998). Extending the theory of planned behavior: A review and avenues for further research. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28(15), 1429–1464. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01685.x
  • De Bruijn, G. J. (2010). Understanding college students’ fruit consumption. Integrating habit strength in the theory of planned behaviour. Appetite, 54(1), 16–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2009.08.007
  • Ding, C., Cao, X., & Wang, Y. (2018). Synergistic effects of the built environment and commuting programs on commute mode choice. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 118, 104–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2018.08.041
  • Doran, E. M., Zia, A., Hurley, S. E., Tsai, Y., Koliba, C., Adair, C., Schattman, R. E., Rizzo, D. M., & Méndez, V. E. (2020). Social-psychological determinants of farmer intention to adopt nutrient best management practices: Implications for resilient adaptation to climate change. Journal of Environmental Management, 276, 1–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111304
  • Faisal, M., Chunping, X., Akhtar, S., Raza, M. H., Khan, M. T. I., & Ajmal, M. A. (2020a). Modeling smallholder livestock herders’ intentions to adopt climate smart practices: An extended theory of planned behavior. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27, 39105–39122. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09652-w
  • Faisal, M., Chunping, X., Akhtar, S., Raza, M. H., Khan, M. T. I., & Ajmal, M. A. (2020b). Modeling smallholder livestock herders’ intentions to adopt climate smart practices: An extended theory of planned behavior. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27(31), 39105–39122. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09652-w
  • Feola, G., Lerner, A. M., Jain, M., Montefrio, M. J. F., & Nicholas, K. A. (2015). Researching farmer behaviour in climate change adaptation and sustainable agriculture: Lessons learned from five case studies. Journal of Rural Studies, 39, 74–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2015.03.009
  • Ferguson, M. A., & Branscombe, N. R. (2010). Collective guilt mediates the effect of beliefs about global warming on willingness to engage in mitigation behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(2), 135–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2009.11.010
  • Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention and behavior. Addison-Wesley.
  • Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (2005). Theory-based behavior change interventions: Comments on Hobbis and Sutton. Journal of Health Psychology, 10(1), 27–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105305048552
  • Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (2011). Predicting and changing behavior: The reasoned action approach. Psychology Press.
  • Fornell, C., & Bookstein, F. L. (1982). Two structural equation models: LISREL and PLS applied to consumer exit-voice theory. Journal of Marketing Research, 19(4), 440–452. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378201900406
  • Gao, J., Shahid, R., Ji, X., & Li, S. (2022). Climate change resilience and sustainable tropical agriculture: Farmers’ perceptions, reactive adaptations and determinants of reactive adaptations in Hainan, China. Atmosphere, 13(6), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13060955
  • Graham-Rowe, E., Jessop, D. C., & Sparks, P. (2019). Self-affirmation theory and pro-environmental behaviour: Promoting a reduction in household food waste. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 62, 124–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2019.02.003
  • Hair, J. F., Matthews, L. M., Matthews, R. L., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). PLS-SEM or CB-SEM: updated guidelines on which method to use. International Journal of Multivariate Data Analysis, 1(2), 107–123.
  • Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed, a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139–152. https://doi.org/10.2753/MTP1069-6679190202
  • Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2012). Partial least squares: The better approach to structural equation modeling? Long Range Planning, 45(5-6), 312–319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2012.09.011
  • Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., & Kuppelwieser, V. G. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): An emerging tool in business research. European Business Review, 26(2), 106–121. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258046807
  • Hallaj, Z., Sadighi, H., Farhadian, H., & Bijani, M. (2021). Human ecological analysis of farmers’ pro-environmental behaviour in the face of drought: Application of norm activation theory. Water and Environment Journal, 35(4), 1337–1347. https://doi.org/10.1111/wej.12733
  • Han, H. (2014). The norm activation model and theory-broadening: Individuals' decision-making on environmentally-responsible convention attendance. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 40, 462–471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2014.10.006
  • Han, H., Hsu, L. T. J., & Sheu, C. (2010). Application of the theory of planned behavior to green hotel choice: Testing the effect of environmental friendly activities. Tourism Management, 31(3), 325–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2009.03.013
  • Han, H., Hwang, J., Kim, J. (2015). Guests’ pro-environmental decision-making process: Broadening the norm activation framework in a lodging context. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 47, 96–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2015.03.013
  • Han, H., Hwang, J., & Lee, S. (2017). Cognitive, affective, normative, and moral triggers of sustainable intentions among convention-goers. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 51, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2017.03.003
  • Harland, P., Staats, H., & Wilke, H. A. (2007). Situational and personality factors as direct or personal norm mediated predictors of pro-environmental behavior: Questions derived from norm-activation theory. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 29(4), 323–334. https://doi.org/10.1080/01973530701665058
  • Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sinkovics, R. R. (2009). The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing. In New challenges to international marketing (Vol. 20, pp. 277–319). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1474-7979(2009)0000020014
  • Hoque, M. Z., Cui, S., Lilai, X., Islam, I., Ali, G., & Tang, J. (2019). Resilience of coastal communities to climate change in Bangladesh: Research gaps and future directions. Watershed Ecology and the Environment, 1, 42–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsee.2019.10.001
  • Hou, J., & Hou, B. (2019). Farmers’ adoption of low-carbon agriculture in China: An extended theory of the planned behavior model. Sustainability, 11(5), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11051399
  • Huang, Y., Luo, X., Tang, L., & Yu, W. (2020). The power of habit: Does production experience lead to pesticide overuse? Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27, 25287–25296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08961-4
  • Hung-Jen, S., Long-Chuan, L., & Lin, T. A. (2011). The mediating role of anticipated guilt in consumers’ textbook piracy intention. Asia Pacific Management Review, 16(3), 255–275.
  • Jiang, X., Ding, Z., Li, X., Sun, J., Jiang, Y., Liu, R., Wang, D., Wang, Y., & Sun, W. (2020). How cultural values and anticipated guilt matter in Chinese residents’ intention of low carbon consuming behavior. Journal of Cleaner Production, 246, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119069.
  • Kim, M. J., & Hall, C. M. (2019). Can climate change awareness predict pro-environmental practices in restaurants? Comparing high and low dining expenditure. Sustainability, 11(23), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236777.
  • Knapp, L., Wuepper, D., & Finger, R. (2021). Preferences, personality, aspirations, and farmer behavior. Agricultural Economics, 52(6), 901–913. https://doi.org/10.1111/agec.12669
  • Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607–610. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308
  • Laurence, J. H., & Matthews, M. D.2012). The Oxford handbook of military psychology. OUP USA.
  • Le Dang, H., Li, E., Nuberg, I., & Bruwer, J. (2014). Understanding farmers’ adaptation intention to climate change: A structural equation modelling study in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Environmental Science & Policy, 41, 11–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2014.04.002
  • Lee, W. H., & Moscardo, G. (2005). Understanding the impact of ecotourism resort experiences on tourists’ environmental attitudes and behavioural intentions. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 13(6), 546–565. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580508668581
  • Liang, Y., & Zhu, D. (2015). Subjective well-being of Chinese landless peasants in relatively developed regions: Measurement using PANAS and SWLS. Social Indicators Research, 123(3), 817–835. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-014-0762-z
  • Liao, C., Chen, J. L., & Yen, D. C. (2007). Theory of planning behavior (TPB) and customer satisfaction in the continued use of e-service: An integrated model. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(6), 2804–2822. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2006.05.006
  • Lieske, D. J., Wade, T., & Roness, L. A. (2014). Climate change awareness and strategies for communicating the risk of coastal flooding: A Canadian Maritime case example. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 140, 83–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2013.04.017
  • Lleras, C. (2008). Do skills and behaviors in high school matter? The contribution of noncognitive factors in explaining differences in educational attainment and earnings. Social Science Research, 37(3), 888–902. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2008.03.004
  • Lubran, M. (2010). Factors influencing Maryland farmers'on-farm processing license application 23 behavior [Doctoral dissertation].
  • Mansouri Daneshvar, M. R., Ebrahimi, M., & Nejadsoleymani, H. (2019). An overview of climate change in Iran: Facts and statistics. Environmental Systems Research, 8(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-018-0129-6
  • Markowitz, E. M. (2012). Is climate change an ethical issue? Examining young adults’ beliefs about climate and morality. Climatic Change, 114(3), 479–495. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-012-0422-8
  • Markowitz, E. M., & Shariff, A. F. (2012). Climate change and moral judgement. Nature Climate Change, 2(4), 243–247. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1378
  • Masud, M. M., Al-Amin, A. Q., Junsheng, H., Ahmed, F., Yahaya, S. R., Akhtar, R., & Banna, H. (2016). Climate change issue and theory of planned behaviour: Relationship by empirical evidence. Journal of Cleaner Production, 113, 613–623. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.11.080
  • Menozzi, D., Fioravanzi, M., & Donati, M. (2015). Farmer’s motivation to adopt sustainable agricultural practices. Bio-based and Applied Economics, 4, 125–147.
  • Michel, D., Pandya, A., Hasnain, S. I., Sticklor, R., & Panuganti, S. (2012). Water challenges and cooperative response in the Middle East and North Africa. Brookings Insititution. Retrieved December 22, 2018, from http://www.brookings.edu/research/papers/2012/11/water-security-mid dle-east-iwf.
  • Morris, B. S., Chrysochou, P., Christensen, J. D., Orquin, J. L., Barraza, J., Zak, P. J., & Mitkidis, P. (2019). Stories vs. Facts: Triggering emotion and action-taking on climate change. Climatic Change, 154(1), 19–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-019-02425-6
  • Murtagh, N., Nati, M., Headley, W. R., Gatersleben, B., Gluhak, A., Imran, M. A., & Uzzell, D. (2013). Individual energy use and feedback in an office setting: A field trial. Energy Policy, 62, 717–728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2013.07.090
  • Nasiri, A. R., Shahangian, S. A., Kerachian, R., & Zobeidi, T. (2024). Exploring socio-psychological factors affecting farmers’ intention to choose a low-water-demand cropping pattern for water resources conservation: Application of the health belief model. Agricultural Water Management, 295, 108768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2024.108768
  • Nguyen, H. V., Nguyen, N., Nguyen, B. K., & Greenland, S. (2021). Sustainable food consumption: Investigating organic meat purchase intention by Vietnamese consumers. Sustainability, 13(2), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13020953.
  • Nguyen, L. H., Tran, B. X., Nguyen, N. P., Phan, H. T. T., Bui, T. T., & Latkin, C. A. (2016). Mobilization for HIV voluntary counseling and testing services in Vietnam: Clients’ risk behaviors, attitudes and willingness to pay. AIDS and Behavior, 20(4), 848–858. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-015-1188-6
  • Nguyen, N., & Drakou, E. G. (2021). Farmers intention to adopt sustainable agriculture hinges on climate awareness: The case of Vietnamese coffee. Journal of Cleaner Production, 303, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126828
  • Niles, M. T., Lubell, M., & Brown, M. (2015). How limiting factors drive agricultural adaptation to climate change. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 200, 178–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.11.010
  • Onwezen, M. C., Antonides, G., & Bartels, J. (2013). The Norm Activation Model: An exploration of the functions of anticipated pride and guilt in pro-environmental behaviour. Journal of Economic Psychology, 39, 141–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2013.07.005
  • Onwezen, M. C., Bartels, J., & Antonides, G. (2014a). Environmentally friendly consumer choices: Cultural differences in the self-regulatory function of anticipated pride and guilt. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 40, 239–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2014.07.003
  • Onwezen, M. C., Bartels, J., & Antonides, G. (2014b). The self-regulatory function of anticipated pride and guilt in a sustainable and healthy consumption context. European Journal of Social Psychology, 44(1), 53–68. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.1991
  • Onwezen, M. C., Bartels, J., & Antonides, G. (2014). The self-regulatory function of anticipated pride and guilt in a sustainable and healthy consumption context. European Journal of Social Psychology, 44(1), 53–68. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.1991
  • Oreg, S., & Katz-Gerro, T. (2006). Predicting proenvironmental behavior cross-nationally: Values, the theory of planned behavior, and value-belief-norm theory. Environment and Behavior, 38(4), 462–483. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916505286012
  • Pakmehr, S., Yazdanpanah, M., & Baradaran, M. (2021). Explaining farmers’ response to climate change-induced water stress through cognitive theory of stress: An Iranian perspective. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23(4), 5776–5793. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-00846-3
  • Pasca, L. (2022). Pride and guilt as mediators in the relationship between connection to nature and pro-environmental intention. Climatic Change, 175(5), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-022-03458-0
  • Paul, J., Modi, A., & Patel, J. (2016). Predicting green product consumption using theory of planned behavior and reasoned action. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 29, 123–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2015.11.006
  • Peter, P. C., & Honea, H. (2012). Targeting social messages with emotions of change: The call for optimism. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 31(2), 269–283. https://doi.org/10.1509/jppm.11.098
  • Popova, L. (2012). The extended parallel process model: Illuminating the gaps in research. Health Education & Behavior, 39(4), 455–473. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198111418108
  • Qin, H., Gao, J., Wu, Y. J., & Yan, H. (2019). Analysis on context change and repetitive travel mode choices based on a dynamic, computational model. Transport Policy, 79, 155–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2019.04.003
  • Rees, J. H., Klug, S., & Bamberg, S. (2015). Guilty conscience: Motivating pro-environmental behavior by inducing negative moral emotions. Climatic Change, 130(3), 439–452. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1278-x
  • Reinartz, W., Haenlein, M., & Henseler, J. (2009). An empirical comparison of the efficacy of covariance-based and variance-based SEM. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 26(4), 332–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2009.08.001
  • Rezaei, R., Safa, L., Damalas, C. A., & Ganjkhanloo, M. M. (2019). Drivers of farmers’ intention to use integrated pest management: Integrating theory of planned behavior and norm activation model. Journal of Environmental Management, 236, 328–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.01.097
  • Richter, N. F., Cepeda-Carrion, G., Roldán Salgueiro, J. L., & Ringle, C. M. (2016). European management research using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). European Management Journal, 34(6), 589–597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2016.08.001
  • Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., & Straub, D. W. (2012). Editor's comments: A critical look at the use of PLS-SEM in. MIS Quarterly, 36(1), 3–14.
  • Ru, X., Qin, H., & Wang, S. (2019). Young people’s behaviour intentions towards reducing PM2. 5 in China: Extending the theory of planned behaviour. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 141, 99–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.10.019
  • Russell, C., Davies, S., Li, K., Musil, A. S., Malhotra, P. A., & Williams, A. L. (2019). Self-perspective in episodic memory after parietal damage and in healthy ageing. Neuropsychologia, 124, 171–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.12.013
  • Russell, S. V., Young, C. W., Unsworth, K. L., & Robinson, C. (2017). Bringing habits and emotions into food waste behaviour. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 125, 107–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.06.007
  • Sabbir, M. M., Taufique, K. M. R., & Nomi, M. (2023). Consumers’ reverse exchange behavior and e-waste recycling to promote sustainable post-consumption behavior. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 35(10), 2484–2500.
  • Sánchez-Prieto, J. C., Olmos-Migueláñez, S., & García-Peñalvo, F. J. (2017). MLearning and pre-service teachers: An assessment of the behavioral intention using an expanded TAM model. Computers in Human Behavior, 72, 644–654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.09.061
  • Sandberg, T., & Conner, M. (2008). Anticipated regret as an additional predictor in the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analysis. British Journal of Social Psychology, 47(4), 589–606. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466607X258704
  • Savari, M., Damaneh, H. E., Damaneh, H. E., & Cotton, M. (2023). Integrating the norm activation model and theory of planned behaviour to investigate farmer pro-environmental behavioural intention. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32831-x
  • Savari, M., & Gharechaee, H. (2020). Application of the extended theory of planned behavior to predict Iranian farmers’ intention for safe use of chemical fertilizers. Journal of Cleaner Production, 263, 1–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121512
  • Schewe, J., Heinke, J., Gerten, D., Haddeland, I., Arnell, N. W., Clark, D. B., Dankers, R., Eisner, S., Fekete, B.M., Colón-González, F.J., Kim, H., Liu, X., Masaki, Y., Portmann, F.T., Satoh, Y., Sacke, T., Tang, Q., Wada, Y., Wisser, D., … Kabat, P. (2014). Multimodel assessment of water scarcity under climate change. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(9), 3245–3250. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1222460110
  • Schiermeier, Q., & Tollefson, J. (2015). Four challenges facing newly elected climate chief. Nature, 525, 1–2.
  • Schneider, C. R., Zaval, L., Weber, E. U., & Markowitz, E. M. (2017). The influence of anticipated pride and guilt on pro-environmental decision making. PLoS One, 12, e0188781.
  • Shahangian, S. A., Tabesh, M., & Yazdanpanah, M. (2021a). How can socio-psychological factors be related to water-efficiency intention and behaviors among Iranian residential water consumers? Journal of Environmental Management, 288, 112466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112466
  • Shahangian, S. A., Tabesh, M., & Yazdanpanah, M. (2021b). Psychosocial determinants of household adoption of water-efficiency behaviors in Tehran capital, Iran: Application of the social cognitive theory. Urban Climate, 39, 100935. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2021.100935
  • Shahangian, S. A., Tabesh, M., Yazdanpanah, M., Zobeidi, T., & Raoof, M. A. (2022). Promoting the adoption of residential water conservation behaviors as a preventive policy to sustainable urban water management. Journal of Environmental Management, 313, 115005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115005
  • Shariatzadeh, M., & Bijani, M. (2022). Towards farmers’ adaptation to climate change: The effect of time perspective. Journal of Cleaner Production, 348, 131284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131284
  • Shi, H., Fan, J., & Zhao, D. (2017). Predicting household PM2. 5-reduction behavior in Chinese urban areas: An integrative model of Theory of Planned Behavior and Norm Activation Theory. Journal of Cleaner Production, 145, 64–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.169
  • Şimşekoğlu, Özlem, & Lajunen, Timo. (2008). Social psychology of seat belt use: A comparison of theory of planned behavior and health belief model. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 11(3), 181–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2007.10.001
  • Sloot, D., Jans, L., & Steg, L. (2018). Can community energy initiatives motivate sustainable energy behaviours? The role of initiative involvement and personal pro-environmental motivation. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 57, 99–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2018.06.007
  • Steg, L., & Vlek, C. (2009). Encouraging pro-environmental behaviour: An integrative review and research agenda. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 29(3), 309–317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2008.10.004
  • Tangney, J. P., Stuewig, J., & Mashek, D. J. (2007). Moral emotions and moral behavior. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 345–372. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070145
  • Tracy, J. L., & Robins, R. W. (2004). Putting the self into self-conscious emotions: A theoretical model. Psychological Inquiry, 15(2), 103–125. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli1502_01
  • Tracy, J. L., & Robins, R. W. (2007). The nature of pride. In Jessica L. Tracy & Richard W. Robins (Eds.), The self-conscious emotions: Theory and research (pp. 263–282). Guilford Publications.
  • Triandis, H. C. (1980). Reflections on trends in cross-cultural research. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 11(1), 35–58. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022180111003
  • Udall, A. M., de Groot, J. I., de Jong, S. B., & Shankar, A. (2020). How do I see myself? A systematic review of identities in pro-environmental behaviour research. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 19(2), 108–141. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.1798
  • Valizadeh, N., Bijani, M., Karimi, H., Naeimi, A., Hayati, D., & Azadi, H. (2020). The effects of farmers’ place attachment and identity on water conservation moral norms and intention. Water Research, 185, 1–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.116131
  • van Duinen, R., Filatova, T., Geurts, P., & van der Veen, A. (2015). Coping with drought risk: Empirical analysis of farmers’ drought adaptation in the south-west Netherlands. Regional Environmental Change, 15(6), 1081–1093. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-014-0692-y
  • van Engelenhoven, A. (2020). The effect of moral and subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and habitual restrained attitudes on intentions to buy local food [Doctoral dissertation].
  • Verplanken, B., & Aarts, H. (1999). Habit, attitude, and planned behaviour: Is habit an empty construct or an interesting case of goal-directed automaticity? European Review of Social Psychology, 10(1), 101–134. https://doi.org/10.1080/14792779943000035
  • Verplanken, B., & Holland, R. W. (2002). Motivated decision making: Effects of activation and self-centrality of values on choices and behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82(3), 434–447. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.82.3.434
  • Verplanken, B., & Sui, J. (2019). Habit and identity: Behavioral, cognitive, affective, and motivational facets of an integrated self. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01504
  • Verplanken, B., & Whitmarsh, L. (2021). Habit and climate change Bas Verplanken and Lorraine Whitmarsh. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 42, 42–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.02.020
  • Walton, T. N., & Jones, R. E. (2018). Ecological identity: The development and assessment of a measurement scale. Environment and Behavior, 50(6), 657–689. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916517710310
  • Wang, S., Lin, S., & Li, J. (2018). Exploring the effects of non-cognitive and emotional factors on household electricity saving behavior. Energy Policy, 115, 171–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2018.01.012
  • Wang, X. (2017). Risk perceptions, moral attitudes, and anticipated guilt in US consumers’ climate change behavioral intentions. Journal of Risk Research, 20(12), 1554–1567. https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2016.1179213
  • Wang, X., & Lin, L. (2018). How climate change risk perceptions are related to moral judgment and guilt in China. Climate Risk Management, 20, 155–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crm.2018.02.005
  • Wood, W., & Rünger, D. (2016). Psychology of habit. Annual Review of Psychology, 67, 289–314.
  • Wuepper, D., Zilberman, D., & Sauer, J. (2020). Non-cognitive skills and climate change adaptation: Empirical evidence from Ghana’s pineapple farmers. Climate and Development, 12(2), 151–162. https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2019.1607240
  • Yadav, R., & Pathak, G. S. (2016). Intention to purchase organic food among young consumers: Evidences from a developing nation. Appetite, 96, 122–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2015.09.017
  • Yazdanpanah, M., Hayati, D., Hochrainer-Stigler, S., & Zamani, G. H. (2014). Understanding farmers’ intention and behavior regarding water conservation in the Middle-East and North Africa: A case study in Iran. Journal of Environmental Management, 135, 63–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.01.016
  • Yazdanpanah, M., Wheeler, S. A., Zuo, A., & Zobeidi, T. (2023a). Understanding the influence of Iranian farmers’ climate change beliefs on their adaptation strategies and mitigation intentions. Climate and Development, 15(4), 340–352. https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2022.2086524
  • Yazdanpanah, M., Zobeidi, T., Sieber, S., Löhr, K., & Homayoon, S. B. (2022). Replacing rice with lower water consumption crops: Green policy implications for Iran. Climate Research, 88, 101–114. https://doi.org/10.3354/cr01700
  • Yazdanpanah, M., Zobeidi, T., Warner, L. A., Löhr, K., Lamm, A., & Sieber, S. (2023b). Shaping farmers’ beliefs, risk perception and adaptation response through Construct Level Theory in the southwest Iran. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32564-x
  • Yu, J., Bang, C. C., & Oh, D. Y. (2020). The effect of noncognitive factors on information disclosure on social network websites: Role of habit and affect. Southern Business & Economic Journal, 43(2).
  • Zamasiya, B., Nyikahadzoi, K., & Mukamuri, B. B. (2017). Factors influencing smallholder farmers’ behavioural intention towards adaptation to climate change in transitional climatic zones: A case study of Hwedza District in Zimbabwe. Journal of Environmental Management, 198, 233–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.04.073
  • Zarenistanak, M., Dhorde, A. G., Kripalani, R. H., & Dhorde, A. A. (2015). Trends and projections of temperature, precipitation, and snow cover during snow cover-observed period over southwestern Iran. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 122(3), 421–440. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-014-1287-8
  • Zhang, L., Ruiz-Menjivar, J., Luo, B., Liang, Z., & Swisher, M. E. (2020). Predicting climate change mitigation and adaptation behaviors in agricultural production: A comparison of the theory of planned behavior and the value-belief-norm theory. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 68, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2020.101408
  • Zobeidi, T., Komendantova, N., Yazdanpanah, M., & Lamm, A. (2024). A multi-dimensional model of anticipating intention to use social media for disaster risk reduction. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 104356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104356
  • Zobeidi, T., Yaghoubi, J., & Yazdanpanah, M. (2022). Exploring the motivational roots of farmers’ adaptation to climate change-induced water stress through incentives or norms. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 1–10 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-19384-1
  • Zobeidi, T., Yazdanpanah, M., Warner, L. A., Lamm, A., Löhr, K., & Sieber, S. (2023). Personal and professional mitigation behavioral intentions of agricultural experts to address climate change. Environmental Management, 1–14.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.