Effect of hydrothermal treatment on co-combustion of paper sludge with coal: thermal behavior, NO emissions, and slagging/fouling tendency

References

• Mahmood T, Elliott A. A review of secondary sludge reduction technologies for the pulp and paper industry. Water Res. 2006;40:2093–2112.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strezov V, Evans TJ. Thermal processing of paper sludge and characterisation of its pyrolysis products. Waste Manag. 2009;29:1644–1648.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monte MC, Fuente E, Blanco A, et al. Waste management from pulp and paper production in the European Union. Waste Manag. 2009;29:293–308.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savolainen K. Co-firing of biomass in coal-fired utility boilers. Appl Energy. 2003;74:369–381.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu G, Yan Y, Cornwell S, et al. Impact of co-firing coal and biomass on flame characteristics and stability. Fuel. 2008;87:1133–1140.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Backreedy RI, Fletcher LM, Jones JM, et al. Co-firing pulverised coal and biomass: a modeling approach. P Combust Inst. 2005;30:2955–2964.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Areeprasert C, Zhao P, Ma D, et al. Alternative solid fuel production from paper sludge employing hydrothermal treatment. Energ Fuel. 2014;28:1198–1206.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu H, Luo GQ, Hu HY, et al. Emission characteristics of nitrogen- and sulfur-containing odorous compounds during different sewage sludge chemical conditioning processes. J Hazard Mater. 2012;235:298–306.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liao BQ, Lin HJ, Langevin SP, et al. Effects of temperature and dissolved oxygen on sludge properties and their role in bioflocculation and settling. Water Res. 2011;45:509–520.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Badireddy AR, Korpol BR, Chellam S, et al. Spectroscopic characterization of extracellular polymeric substances from escherichia coli and Serratia marcescens: suppression using sub-ihibitory concentrations of Bismuth Thiols. Biomacromolecules. 2008;9:3079–3089.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hongfang C, Peitao Z, Yin W, et al. NO emission control during the decoupling combustion of industrial biomass wastes with a high nitrogen content. Energ Fuel. 2013;27:3186–3193.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao P, Chen H, Ge S, et al. Effect of the hydrothermal pretreatment for the reduction of NO emission from sewage sludge combustion. Appl Energy. 2013;111:199–205.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pronobis M. Evaluation of the influence of biomass co-combustion on boiler furnace slagging by means of fusibility correlations. Biomass Bioenerg. 2005;28:375–383.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vamvuka D, Kakaras E. Ash properties and environmental impact of various biomass and coal fuels and their blends. Fuel Process Technol. 2011;92:570–581.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oniyama E, Wahlbeck PG. Application of transpiration theory to TGA data calcium carbonate and zinc chloride. Thermochim Acta. 1995;250:41–53.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glarborg P. Fuel nitrogen conversion in solid fuel fired systems. Prog Energ Combust. 2003;29:89–113.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsai M-Y, Wu K-T, Huang C-C, et al. Co-firing of paper mill sludge and coal in an industrial circulating fluidized bed boiler. Waste Manag. 2002;22:439–442.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molina A, Eddings EG, Pershing DW, et al. Char nitrogen conversion: implications to emissions from coal-fired utility boilers. Prog Energ Combust. 2000;26:507–531.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ren Q, Zhao C, Wu X, et al. Effect of mineral matter on the formation of NOx precursors during biomass pyrolysis. J Anal Appl Pyrol. 2009;85:447–453.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams A, Jones JM, Ma L, et al. Pollutants from the combustion of solid biomass fuels. Prog Energ Combust. 2012;38(2):113–137.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braghiroli FL, Fierro V, Izquierdo MT, et al. Nitrogen-doped carbon materials produced from hydrothermally treated tannin. Carbon. 2012;50:5411–5420.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kruse A, Dinjus E. Hot compressed water as reaction medium and reactant. J Supercrit Fluids. 2007;39:362–380.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tian Y, Zhang J, Zuo W, et al. Nitrogen conversion in relation to NH3 and HCN during microwave pyrolysis of sewage sludge. Environ Sci Technol. 2013;47:3498–3505.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao C, Sun X, Chen X, et al. Investigation on co-combustion characteristic of paper mill waste and coal in circulating fluidized bed. In: Proceedings of the 18^th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion, Toronto, Canada; 2005:631–637.
   Google Scholar
• Valero A, Cortes C. Ash fouling in coal-fired utility boilers. Monitoring and optimization of on-load cleaning. Prog Energ Combust. 1996;22:198–200.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma D, Zhang G, Zhao P, et al. Hydrothermal treatment of antibiotic mycelial dreg: more understanding from fuel characteristics. Chem Eng J. 2015 in press.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torii N, Okai A, Shibuki K, et al. Production of d-glucose from pseudo paper sludge with hydrothermal treatment. Biomass Bioenerg. 2010;34:844–850.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deng L, Zhang T, Che D. Effect of water washing on fuel properties, pyrolysis and combustion characteristics, and ash fusibility of biomass. Fuel Process Technol. 2013;106:712–720.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu X, Bi XT. Removal of inorganic constituents from pine barks and switchgrass. Fuel Process Technol. 2011;92:1273–1279.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Areeprasert C, Scala F, Coppola A, et al. Fluidized bed co-combustion of hydrothermally treated paper sludge with two coals of different rank. Fuel Process Technol. 2016;144:230–238.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Areeprasert C, Coppola A, Urciuolo M, et al. The effect of hydrothermal treatment on attrition during the fluidized bed combustion of paper sludge. Fuel Process Technol. 2015;140:57–66.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar