The factorial structure of the Hong Psychological Reactance Scale in two Finnish samples

References

• Baglin, J. (2014). Improving your exploratory factor analysis for ordinal data: A  demonstration using FACTOR. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 19(5) 1–14.
   Google Scholar
• Beutler, L. E., Moleiro, C., & Talebi, H. (2002). Resistance in psychotherapy: What conclusions are supported by research. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(2), 207–217. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.1144
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brehm, J. W. (1966). A theory of psychological reactance. Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Brehm, S. S., & Brehm, J. W. (1981). Psychological reactance: A theory of freedom and control. Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, A. R., Finney, S. J., & France, M. K. (2011). Using the bifactor model to assess the dimensionality of the Hong psychological reactance scale. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 71(1), 170–185. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164410387378
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, T. A. (2015). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. The Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Buboltz, W. C., Woller, K. M. P., & Pepper, H. (1999). Holland code type and psychological reactance. Journal of Career Assessment, 7(2), 161–172. https://doi.org/10.1177/106907279900700205
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capanna, C., Struglia, F., Riccardi, I., Daneluzzo, E., Stratta, P., & Rossi, A. (2012). Temperament and character inventory-R (TCI-R) and Big Five questionnaire (BFQ): Convergence and divergence. Psychological Reports, 110(3), 1002–1006. https://doi.org/10.2466/02.03.09.PR0.110.3.1002-1006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlson, K. D., & Herdman, A. O. (2012). Understanding the impact of convergent validity on research results. Organizational Research Methods, 15(1), 17–32. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428110392383
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cloninger, C. R., Svrakic, D. M., & Przybeck, T. R. (1993). A psychobiological model of temperament and character. Archives of General Psychiatry, 50(12), 975–990. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1993.01820240059008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Fruyt, F., Van De Wiele, L., & Van Heeringen, C. (2000). Cloninger's psychobiological model of temperament and character and the five-factor model of personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 29(3), 441–452. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8869(99)00204-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(99)00204-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De las Cuevas, C., Peñate, W., Betancort, M., & de Rivera, L. (2014). Psychological reactance in psychiatric patients: Examining the dimensionality and correlates of the Hong psychological reactance scale in a large clinical sample. Personality and Individual Differences, 70, 85–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.06.027
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dillard, J. P., & Shen, L. (2005). On the nature of reactance and its role in persuasive health communication. Communication Monographs, 72(2), 144–168. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637750500111815
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dowd, E. T., Milne, C. R., & Wise, S. L. (1991). The therapeutic reactance scale: A measure of psychological reactance. Journal of Counseling & Development, 69(6), 541–545. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.1991.tb02638.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dowd, E. T., & Wallbrown, F. (1993). Motivational components of client reactance. Journal of Counseling & Development, 71(5), 533–538. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.1993.tb02237.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dowd, E. T., Wallbrown, F., Sanders, D., & Yesenosky, J. M. (1994). Psychological reactance and its relationship to normal personality variables. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 18(6), 601–612. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02355671
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finkelstein, S. R., Boland, W. A., Vallen, B., Connell, P. M., Sherman, G. D., & Feemster, K. A. (2020). Psychological reactance impacts ratings of pediatrician vaccine-related communication quality, perceived vaccine safety, and vaccination priority among U.S. parents. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 16(5), 1024–1029. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2019.1694815
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gadermann, A. M., Guhn, M., & Zumbo, B. D. (2012). Estimating ordinal reliability for Likert-type and ordinal item response data: A conceptual, empirical, and practical guide. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 17(3), 1–13.
   Google Scholar
• Garcia, D. (2012). The affective temperaments: Differences between adolescents in the Big Five model and Cloninger’s psychobiological model of personality. Journal of Happiness Studies, 13(6), 999–1017. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-011-9303-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gosling, S. D., Rentfrow, P. J., & Swann, W. B. Jr. (2003). A very brief measure of the Big-Five personality domains. Journal of Research in Personality, 37(6), 504–528. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0092-6566(03)00046-1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-6566(03)00046-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayton, J. C., Allen, D. G., & Scarpello, V. (2004). Factor retention decisions in exploratory factor analysis: A tutorial on parallel analysis. Organizational Research Methods, 7(2), 191–205. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428104263675
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holgado-Tello, F., Chacón–Moscoso, S., Barbero–García, I., & Vila–Abad, E. (2010). Polychoric versus Pearson correlations in exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of ordinal variables. Quality & Quantity, 44, 153–166. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-008-9190-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hong, S.-M. (1992). Hong’s psychological reactance scale: A further factor analytic validation. Psychological Reports, 70(2), 512–514. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.70.2.512
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hong, S.-M., & Ostini, R. (1989). Further evaluation of Merz's psychological reactance scale. Psychological Reports, 64(3), 707–710. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1989.64.3.707
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hong, S.-M., & Faedda, S. (1996). Refinement of the Hong psychological reactance scale. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 56(1), 173–182. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164496056001014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hong, S.-M., & Page, S. (1989). A psychological reactance scale: Development, factor structure and reliability. Psychological Reports, 64(3_suppl), 1323–1326. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1989.64.3c.1323
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hornsey, M. J., Harris, E. A., & Fielding, K. S. (2018). The psychological roots of anti-vaccination attitudes: A 24-nation investigation. Health Psychology, 37(4), 307–315. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000586
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inman, R. A., Sousa, A. M., Cunha, D., & Moreira, P. (2019). Therapeutic reactance in adolescents: The psychometrics of the therapeutic reactance scale in adolescents. Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 7, 20–28. https://doi.org/10.21307/sjcapp-2019-003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• John, O. P., & Srivastava, S. (1999). The Big Five trait taxonomy: History, measurement, and theoretical perspectives. In L. Pervin & O. P. John (Eds.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (2nd ed., pp. 102–138). Guilford.
   Google Scholar
• Jonason, P. K., Bryan, A., & Herrera, J. (2010). Trimming the fat reveals a one-factor construct of Hong’s psychological reactance scale. Individual Differences Research, 8, 220–228.
   Google Scholar
• Jonason, P. K., & Knowles, H. (2006). A unidimensional measure of Hong's psychological reactance scale. Psychological Reports, 98(2), 569–579. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.98.2.569-579
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karlsson, L., Tolvanen, M., Scheinin, N. M., Uusitupa, H.-M., Korja, R., Ekholm, E., Tuulari, J. J., Pajulo, M., Huotilainen, M., Paunio, T., Karlsson, H., & FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study Group (2018). Cohort profile: The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study (FinnBrain). International Journal of Epidemiology, 47(1), 15–16. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyx173
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ledesma, R. D., & Valero-Mora, P. (2007). Determining the number of factors to retain in EFA: An easy-to-use computer program for carrying our parallel analysis. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 12(2), 1–11.
   Google Scholar
• Lorenzo-Seva, U., & Ferrando, P. J. (2006). FACTOR: A computer program to fit the exploratory factor analysis model. Behavior Research Methods, 38(1), 88–91. https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03192753
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lorenzo-Seva, U., & Ferrando, P. J. (2013). FACTOR 9.2 A comprehensive program for fitting exploratory and semiconfirmatory factor analysis and IRT models. Applied Psychological Measurement, 37(6), 497–498. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146621613487794
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malatincová, T. (2015). The mystery of ‘‘should’’: Procrastination, delay, and reactance in academic settings. Personality and Individual Differences, 72, 52–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.08.015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merz, J. (1983). Fragebogen zur Messung der psychologischen Reaktanz. Diagnostica, 29(1), 75–82.
   Google Scholar
• Miller, C. H., Burgoon, M., Grandpre, J. R., & Alvaro, E. M. (2006). Identifying principal risk factors for the initiation of adolescent smoking behaviors: The significance of psychological reactance. Health Communication, 19(3), 241–252. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327027hc1903_6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, C. H., & Quick, B. L. (2010). Sensation seeking and psychological reactance as health risk predictors for an emerging adult population. Health Communication, 25(3), 266–275. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410231003698945
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miron, A. M., & Brehm, J. W. (2006). Reactance theory – 40 years later. Zeitschrift Für Sozialpsychologie, 37(1), 9–18. https://doi.org/10.1024/0044-3514.37.1.9
   Google Scholar
• Moreira, P., Cunha, D., & Inman, R. A. (2019). Addressing a need for valid measures of trait reactance in adolescents: A further test of the Hong psychological reactance scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 102, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2019.1585360
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Preacher, K. J., & MacCallum, R. C. (2003). Repairing Tom Swift’s electric factor analysis machine. Understanding Statistics, 2(1), 13–43. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15328031US0201_02
   Google Scholar
• Quick, B. L., Shen, L., & Dillard, J. P. (2012). Reactance theory and persuasion. In J. P. Dillard & L. Shen (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of persuasion: Developments in theory and practice (2nd ed., pp. 167–183). SAGE Publications, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• R Core Team. (2018). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.R-project.org/.
   Google Scholar
• Rains, S. A. (2013). The nature of psychological reactance revisited: A meta‐analytic review. Human Communication Research, 39(1), 47–73. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2012.01443.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramanaiah, N. V., Rielage, J. K., & Cheng, Y. (2002). Cloninger's temperament and character inventory and the NEO five-factor inventory. Psychological Reports, 90(3 Pt 2), 1059–1063. https://doi.org/10.1177/003329410209000301.2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenberg, B. D., & Siegel, J. T. (2018). A 50-year review of psychological reactance theory: Do not read this article. Motivation Science, 4(4), 281–300. https://doi.org/10.1037/mot0000091
   Google Scholar
• Rosseel, Y. (2012). lavaan: An R package for structural equation modeling. Journal of Statistical Software, 48(2), 1–36. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v048.i02
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seemann, E. A., Buboltz, W. C., Thomas, A., Barlow, S., & Wilkinson, L. (2005). Normal personality variables and their relationship to psychological reactance. Individual Differences Research, 3, 88–98.
   Google Scholar
• Shen, L., & Dillard, J. P. (2005). Psychometric properties of the Hong psychological reactance scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 85(1), 74–81. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa8501_07
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shoham, V., Trost, S. E., & Rohrbaugh, M. J. (2004). From state to trait and back again: Reactance theory goes clinical. In R. A. Wright, J. Greenber, & S. S. Brehm (Eds.), Motivational analyses of social behavior: Building on Jack Brehm’s contributions to psychology (pp. 167–185). Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Silvia, P. J. (2006). A skeptical look at dispositional reactance. Personality and Individual Differences, 40(6), 1291–1297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2005.11.013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas, A., Donnell, A. J., & Buboltz, W. C. (2001). The Hong Psychological Reactance Scale: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 34(1), 2–13.https://doi.org/10.1080/07481756.2001.12069018
   Google Scholar
• Timmerman, M. E., & Lorenzo-Seva, U. (2011). Dimensionality assessment of ordered polytomous items with parallel analysis. Psychological Methods, 16(2), 209–220. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023353
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tucker, R. K., & Byers, P. Y. (1987). Factorial validity of Merz's psychological reactance scale. Psychological Reports, 61(3), 811–815. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1987.61.3.811
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Eerde, W. (2003). A meta-analytically derived nomological network of procrastination. Personality and Individual Differences, 35(6), 1401–1418. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00358-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yost, A. B., Behrend, T. S., Howardson, G., Darrow, J. B., & Jensen, J. M. (2019). Reactance to electronic surveillance: A test of antecedents and outcomes. Journal of Business and Psychology, 34(1), 71–86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-018-9532-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yost, A. B., & Finney, S. J. (2018). Assessing the unidimensionality of trait reactance using a multifaceted model assessment approach. Journal of Personality Assessment, 100(2), 186–196. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2017.1280044
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar