The Management of Unwanted Pregnancy Among Women in Nairobi, Kenya

REFERENCES

• African Population and Health Research Center. (2009). Socioeconomic and demographic indicators in the Nairobi Urban Demographic Health Survey sites. Nairobi, Kenya : Author.
   Google Scholar
• Agwanda, A., Khasakhala, A., & Kimani, M. (2009). Assessment of family planning services in Kenya: Evidence from the 2004 Kenya service provision assessment survey. Kenya. Working Papers No. 4, Calverton, MD: Macro International.
   Google Scholar
• Alan Guttmacher Institute. (2000). Sharing responsibility: Women, society and abortion worldwide. New York, NY : Author.
   Google Scholar
• Aloo-Obunga, C. (2003). Country analysis of family planning and HIV/AIDS: Kenya. USAID. http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNACX552.pdf (Accessed January 15, 2013).
   Google Scholar
• Bankole, A., Singh, S., & Haas, T. (1998). Reasons why women have induced abortions: Evidence from 27 countries. International Family Planning Perspectives, 24, 117–127, . 152.
   Google Scholar
• Cleland, J., & Ali, M.M. (2006). Sexual abstinence, contraception, and condom use by young African women: A secondary analysis of survey data. The Lancet, 368, 1788–1793.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Creswell, J.W. (1997). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions. Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Font-Ribera, L., Pérez, G., Salvador, J., & Borrell, C. (2008). Socioeconomic inequalities in unintended pregnancy and abortion decision. Journal of Urban Health, 85, 125–135. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-007-9233-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gebreselassie, H., Gallo, M.F., Monyo, A., & Johnson, B.R. (2005). The magnitude of abortion complications in Kenya. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 112, 1229–1235. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00503.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geronimus, A. (2003). Damned if you do: Culture, identity, privilege, and teenage childbearing in the United States. Social Science & Medicine, 57(5), 881–893.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higgins, J., Hirsch, J., & Trussell, J. (2008). Pleasure, prophylaxis and procreation: A qualitative analysis of intermittent contraceptive use and unintended pregnancy. Perspectives in Sexual and Reproductive Health, 40, 130–137.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ikamari, L., Izugbara, C., & Ochako, R. (2013). Prevalence and determinants of unintended pregnancy among women in Nairobi, Kenya. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 13, 69.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Integrated Regional Information Networks. (2008). Kenya: More education equals less teen pregnancy and HIV.
   Google Scholar
• Islam, Q. (2007). Making pregnancy safer in least developed countries: The challenge of delivering available services. UN Chronicle, XLIV(4), 1–70.
   Google Scholar
• Izugbara, C.O., Ochako, R., & Izugbara, C. (2011). Gender scripts and unwanted pregnancy among urban Kenyan women. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 13, 1031–1045. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2011.598947
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, R.K., Darroch, J.E., & Henshaw, S.K. (2002). Patterns in the socioeconomic characteristics of women obtaining abortions in 2000–2001. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 34, 226–235.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, R.K., Finer, L.B., & Singh, S. (2010). Characteristics of U.S. abortion patients, 2008. New York, NY : Guttmacher Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Kaye, D.K., Mirembe, F.M., Bantebya, G., Johansson, A., & Ekstrom, A.M. (2006). Domestic violence as risk factor for unwanted pregnancy and induced abortion in Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 11, 90–101. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2005.01531.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kenya National Bureau of Statistics & ICF Macro. (2003). Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2002–03. Calverton, MD : Kenya National Bureau of Statistics and ICF Macro.
   Google Scholar
• Kenya National Bureau of Statistics & ICF Macro. (2010). 2008–09 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey: Key findings. Calverton, MD : Kenya National Bureau of Statistics and ICF Macro.
   Google Scholar
• Korejo, R., Noorani, K.J., & Bhutta, S. (2003). Sociocultural determinants of induced abortion. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons—Pakistan, 13, 260–262.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kyobutungi, C., Ezeh, A., Zulu, E., & Falkingham, J. (2009). HIV/AIDS and the health of older people in the slums of Nairobi, Kenya: Results from a cross sectional survey. BMC Public Health 9, 153. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-9-153
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kyobutungi, C., Ziraba, A., Ezeh, A., & Ye, Y (2008). The burden of disease profile of residents of Nairobi's slums: Results from a demographic surveillance system. Population Health Metrics, 6, 1. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/1478-7954-6-1
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Magadi, M.A. (2003). Unplanned childbearing in Kenya: The socio-demographic correlates and the extent of repeatability among women. Social Science & Medicine, 56, 167–178.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magadi, M.A. (2006). Poor pregnancy outcomes among adolescents in South Nyanza region of Kenya. African Journal of Reproductive Health, 10(1), 26–38.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Marston, C., & Cleland, J. (2003). Do unintended pregnancies carried to term lead to adverse outcomes for mother and child? An assessment in five developing countries. Population Studies, 57, 77–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National AIDS/STD Control Programme (2007). National HIV prevalence in Kenya. Nairobi, Africa: National AIDS/STD Control Programme.
   Google Scholar
• Njagi, J., & Shilitsa, J. (2007). Kenya: ‘Poverty to blame for spread of HIV’. Daily Nation. Poverty News. http://allafrica.com/stories/200712030129.html (Accessed January 13, 2013).
   Google Scholar
• Nyenze, F. (2002). Speech at the Second World Assembly on Aging, April 8–12, in Madrid, Spain.
   Google Scholar
• Okonofua, F.E., Odimegwu, C., Ajabor, H., Daru, P.H., & Johnson, A. (1999). Assessing the prevalence and determinants of unwanted pregnancy and induced abortion in Nigeria. Studies in Family Planning, 30, 67–77. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4465.1999.00067.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rasch, V., Gammeltoft, T., Knudsen, L.B., Tobiassen, C., Ginzel, A., & Kempf, L. (2008). Induced abortion in Denmark: Effect of socio-economic situation and country of birth. The European Journal of Public Health, 18, 144–149. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckm112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sieber, J.E., & Levine, R.J. (2004). Informed consent and consent forms for research participants. American Psychological Society Observer, 17, 25–26.
   Google Scholar
• Sihvo, S., Bajos, N., Ducot, B., & Kaminski, M. (2003). Women's life cycle and abortion decision in unintended pregnancies. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 57, 601–605. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.57.8.601
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Story, W. (1999). The effects of unplanned pregnancy among college women . (Unpublished master's thesis). Blacksburg, VA: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Univer-sity.
   Google Scholar
• Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques. Newbury Park, CA : Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Thomas, D.R. (2003). A general inductive approach for qualitative data analysis. School of Population Health, University of Auckland. http://www.fmhs.auckland.ac.nz/soph/centres/ hrmas/_docs/Inductive2003.pdf (Accessed January 21, 2013).
   Google Scholar
• UN Habitat. (2003). The challenge of slums: Global report on human settlements. London, UK : Earthscan.
   Google Scholar