Men’s Self-Reported and Psychophysiological Affective Responses to Sexual Violence and Their Associations with Rape Myths, Personality, and Sexual Traits: A Preliminary Study

References

• Anderson, I., & Quinn, A. (2009). Gender differences in medical students’ attitudes towards male and female rape victims. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 14(1), 105–110. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548500802241928
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beshers, S., & DiVita, M. (2021). Changes in rape myth acceptance among undergraduates: 2010 to 2017. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(19–20), 9371–9392. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260519867153
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bieneck, S., & Krahé, B. (2011). Blaming the victim and exonerating the perpetrator in cases of rape and robbery: Is there a double standard? Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 26(9), 1785–1797. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260510372945
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boucsein, W. (2012). Electrodermal activity (2nd ed.). Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Cacioppo, J. T., Petty, R. E., Losch, M. E., & Kim, H. S. (1986). Electromyographic activity over facial muscle regions can differentiate the valence and intensity of affective reactions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50(2), 260–268. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.50.2.260
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carvalho, J., Pereira, R., Barreto, D., & Nobre, P. (2017). The effects of positive versus negative mood states on attentional processes during exposure to erotica. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 46(8), 2495–2504. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0875-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carvalho, J., & Nobre, P. J. (2019). Five-factor model of personality and sexual aggression. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 63(5), 797–814. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624X13481941
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carvalho, J., Quinta-Gomes, A., & Nobre, P. J. (2013). The sexual functioning profile of a non-forensic sample of individuals reporting sexual aggression against women. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 10(7), 1744–1754. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsm.12188
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carvalho, J., & Rosa, P. J. (2020). Gender differences in the emotional response and subjective sexual arousal toward non-consensual sexual intercourse: A pupillometric study. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 17(10), 1865–1874. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.06.018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carvalho, J., Rosa, P. J., & Pereira, B. (2021). Dynamic risk factors characterizing aggressive sexual initiation by female college students. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(5–6), 2455–2477. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260518760010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colins, O., & Andershed, H. (2016). The Youth Psychopathic Inventory Short Version in a general population sample of emerging adults. Psychological Assessment, 28(5), 449–457. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000189
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costa, P. T., Jr., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI): Professional manual. Psychological Assessment Resources.
   Google Scholar
• European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights. (2015). Violence against women: An EU survey. Publications Office of the European Union.
   Google Scholar
• Fanti, K. A., Kyranides, M. N., Georgiou, G., Petridou, M., Colins, O. F., Tuvblad, C., & Andershed, H. (2017). Callous-unemotional, impulsive-irresponsible, and grandiose-manipulative traits: Distinct associations with heart rate, skin conductance, and startle responses to violent and erotic scenes. Psychophysiology, 54(5), 663–672. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12837
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fanti, K. A., Kyranides, M. N., & Panayiotou, G. (2017). Facial reactions to violent and comedy films: Association with callous–unemotional traits and impulsive aggression. Cognition & Emotion, 31(2), 209–224. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2015.1090958
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fanti, K. A., Panayiotou, G., Kyranides, M. N., & Avraamides, M. N. (2016). Startle modulation during violent films: Association with callous–unemotional traits and aggressive behavior. Motivation and Emotion, 40(2), 321–333. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-015-9517-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fridlund, A. J., & Cacioppo, J. (1986). Guidelines for human electromyographic research. Psychophysiology, 23(5), 567–589. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1986.tb00676.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galinha, I. C., & Pais-Ribeiro, J. L. (2012). Contribuição para o estudo da versão Portuguesa da Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS): II—Estudo psicométrico [Study of adaptation of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule to the Portuguese population]. Análise Psicológica, 23(2), 219–227. https://doi.org/10.14417/ap.84
   Google Scholar
• Hald, G. M., & Malamuth, N. N. (2015). Experimental effects of exposure to pornography: The moderating effect of personality and mediating effect of sexual arousal. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 44(1), 99–109. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-014-0291-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen, N. B., Nielsen, L. H., Bramsen, R. H., Ingemann-Hansen, O., & Elklit, A. (2015). Attrition in Danish rape reported crimes. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 30(4), 221–228. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-014-9159-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janssen, E., Vorst, H., Finn, P., & Bancroft, J. (2002). The Sexual Inhibition (SIS) and Sexual Excitation (SES) Scales: II. Predicting psychophysiological response patterns. Journal of Sex Research, 39(2), 127–132. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224490209552131
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jolliffe, D., & Farrington, D. P. (2004). Empathy and offending: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 9(5), 441–476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2003.03.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jonason, P. K., Li, N. P., Webster, G. D., & Schmitt, D. P. (2009). The dark triad: Facilitating a short-term mating strategy in men. European Journal of Personality, 23(1), 5–18. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.698
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jordan, J. (2011). Here we go round the review-go-round: Rape investigation and prosecution-Are things getting worse not better? Journal of Sexual Aggression, 17(3), 234–249. https://doi.org/10.1080/13552600.2011.613278
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kassing, L. R., & Prieto, L. R. (2003). The rape myth and blame-based beliefs of counselorsin-training toward male victims of rape. Journal of Counseling & Development, 81(4), 455–461. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6678.2003.tb00272.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knight, R. A., & Guay, J. P. (2018). The role of psychopathy in sexual coercion against women: An update and expansion. In C. J. Patrick (Ed.), Handbook of psychopathy (Vol. II, pp. 662–681). The Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lang, P. J., Simons, R. F., & Balaban, M. T. (1997). Attention and orienting: Sensory and motivational processes. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Larsen, J. T., Norris, C. J., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2003). Effects of positive and negative affect on electromyographic activity over zygomaticus major and corrugator supercilii. Psychophysiology, 40(5), 776–785. https://doi.org/10.1111/1469-8986.00078
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lerner, J. S., Li, Y., Valdesolo, P., & Kassam, K. S. (2015). Emotion and decision-making. Annual Review of Psychology, 66, 799–823. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115043
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lonsway, K. A., & Fitzgerald, L. F. (1994). Rape myths: In review. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 18(2), 133–164. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1994.tb00448.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lykken, D. T., & Venables, P. H. (1971). Direct measurement of skin conductance-A proposal for standardization. Psychophysiology, 8(5)1971, 656–672. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1971.tb00501.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magalhães, E., Salgueira, A., Gonzalez, A. J., Costa, J. J., Costa, M. J., Costa, P., & Lima, M. (2013). NEO-FFI: Psychometric properties of a Short Personality Inventory. Psicologia, Reflexão e Crítica, 4, 242-257.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malamuth, N. M., & Check, J. V. P. (1980). Penile tumescence and perceptual responses to rape as function of victims’ perceived reactions. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 10(6), 528–547. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1980.tb00730.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malamuth, N. M., Check, J. V. P., & Briere, J. (1986). Sexual arousal in response to aggression: Ideological, aggressive and sexual correlates. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50(2), 330–340. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.50.2.330
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martins, S., Machado, C., Abrunhosa, R., & Manita, C. (2012). Escala de Crenças sobre a Violência Sexual [Rape Myths Scale]. Análise Psicológica, 30(1/2), 177–191. https://doi.org/10.14417/ap.546
   Google Scholar
• Mirabella, G. (2018). The weight of emotions in decision-making: How fearful and happy facial stimuli modulate action readiness of goal-directed actions. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1334. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01334
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morabito, M. S., Pattavina, A., & Williams, L. M. (2019). It all just piles up: Challenges to victim credibility accumulate to influence sexual assault case processing. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 34(15), 3151–3170. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260516669164
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pechorro, P., Andershed, H., Ray, J. V., Maroco, J., & Gonçalves, R. A. (2015). Validation of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory and Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory – Short Version among incarcerated juvenile delinquents. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 37(4), 576–586. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-015-9490-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pechorro, P., Ribeiro da Silva, D., Rijo, D., Gonçalves, R. A., & Andershed, H. (2017). Psychometric properties and measurement invariance of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory – Short Version among Portuguese youth. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 39(3), 486–497. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-017-9597-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peterson, Z. D., Janssen, E., & Heiman, J. R. (2010). The association between sexual aggression and HIV risk behavior in heterosexual men. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 25(3), 538–556. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260509334414
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quinta-Gomes, A. L., Janssen, E., Santos-Iglesias, P., Pinto-Gouveia, J., Fonseca, L. M., & Nobre, P. J. (2018). Validation of the Sexual Inhibition and Sexual Excitation Scales (SIS/SES) in Portugal: Assessing gender differences and predictors of sexual functioning. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 47(6), 1721–1732. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-017-1137-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Revelle, W. (2022). psych: Procedures for psychological, psychometric, and personality research (2.2.9 ed.) [Computer software manual]. psych. (R package version 2.2.9)
   Google Scholar
• R Core Team. (2022). R: A language and environment for statistical computing [Computer software manual]. Vienna, Austria. Retrieved from https://www.R-project.org/
   Google Scholar
• Rosa, P. J., Oliveira, J., Alghazzawi, D., Fardoun, H., & Gamito, P. (2017). Affective and physiological correlates of perception of unimodal and bimodal emotional stimuli. Psicothema, 29(3), 364–369.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenstein, J. E. (2015). Military sexual assault prevention and male rape myth acceptance. Military Behavioral Health, 3(4), 207–211. https://doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2015.1038404
   Google Scholar
• Sapolsky, B. S. (1984). Arousal, affect, and the aggression-moderating effect of erotica. In N. M. Malamuth & E. Donnerstein (Eds.), Pornography and sexual aggression (pp.85–114). Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, C. A., & Kirby, L. D. (2001). Toward delivering on the promise of appraisal theory. In K. R. Scherer, A. Schorr, & T. Johnstone (Eds.), Appraisal processes in emotion: Theory, methods and research (pp. 121–138). Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, O., & Skinner, T. (2017). How rape myths are used and challenged in rape and sexual assault trials. Social & Legal Studies, 26(4), 441–466. https://doi.org/10.1177/0964663916680130
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, S. G., Zhang, X., Basile, K. C., Merrick, M. T., Wang, J., Kresnow, M., & Chen, J. (2018). The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS): 2015 Data brief – updated release. National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
   Google Scholar
• Tomaka, J., Blascovich, J., Kelsey, R. M., & Leitten, C. L. (1993). Subjective, physiological, and behavioral effects of threat and challenge appraisal. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(2), 248–260. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.65.2.248
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turchik, J. A., & Edwards, K. M. (2012). Myths about male rape: A literature review. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 13(2), 211–226. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023207
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vahedi, L., Stuart, H., Etienne, S., Lee, S., & Bartels, S. A. (2021). Gender-stratified analysis of Haitian perceptions related to sexual abuse and exploitation perpetrated by UN peacekeepers during MINUSTAH. Sexes, 2(2), 216–243. https://doi.org/10.3390/sexes2020019
   Google Scholar
• Van Baardewijk, Y., Andershed, H., Stegge, H., Nilsson, K., Scholte, E., & Vermeiren, R. (2010). Development and tests of short versions of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory and the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory-Child Version. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 26(2), 122–128. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000017
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voller, E. K., & Long, P. J. (2010). Sexual assault and rape perpetration by college men: The role of the big five personality traits. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 25(3), 457–480. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260509334390
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walfield, S. M. (2021). ‘Men cannot be raped’: Correlates of male rape myth acceptance. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(13–14), 6391–6417. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260518817777
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson, D., Clark, L., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063–1070. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.54.6.1063
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2013). Global and regional estimates of violence against women: Prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence. WHO.
   Google Scholar
• Zillman, D., Bryant, J., Comisky, P. W., & Medoff, N. J. (1981). Excitation and hedonic valence in the effect of erotica on motivated inter-male aggression. European Journal of Social Psychology, 11(3), 233–252. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2420110301
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar