The “Crowd-factor” in connective action: comparing protest communication styles of Thai Facebook pages

References

• Benkler, Y. (2006). The wealth of networks: How social production transforms markets and freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bennett, W. L. (2008). Changing citizenship in the digital age. In W. L. Bennett (Ed.), Civic life online: Learning how digital media can engage youth (pp. 1–24). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bennett, W. L. (2012). The personalization of politics: Political identity, social media, and changing patterns of participation. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 644(1), 20–39. doi:10.1177/0002716212451428
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bennett, W. L., & Segerberg, A. (2013). The logic of connective action: Digital media and the personalization of contentious politics. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bennett, W. L., Segerberg, A., & Walker, S. (2014). Organization in the crowd: Peer production in large-scale networked protests. Information, Communication & Society, 17(2), 232–260. doi:10.1080/1369118X.2013.870379
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bimber, B., Flanagin, A., & Stohl, C. (2012). Collective action in organizations: Interaction and engagement in an era of technological change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dutton, W. H., Rogers, E. M., & Jun, S. H. (1987). Diffusion and social impacts of personal computers. Communication Research, 14(2), 219–250. doi:10.1177/009365087014002005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Earl, J. (2015). The future of social movement organizations the waning dominance of SMOs online. American Behavioral Scientist, 59(1), 35–52. doi:10.1177/0002764214540507
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Earl, J., & Kimport, K. (2011). Digitally enabled social change: Activism in the Internet age. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Freedom House. (2015). Freedom on the net 2015. Retrieved from https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-net/freedom-net-2015
   Google Scholar
• Freelon, D., Wells, C., & Bennett, W. L. (2013). Participation in the youth civic web: Assessing user activity levels in web sites presenting two civic styles. Journal of Information Technology and Politics, 10(3), 293–309. doi:10.1080/19331681.2013.792309
   Google Scholar
• Grömping, M. (2014). Echo chambers’: Partisan Facebook groups during the 2014 Thai election. Asia Pacific Media Educator, 24(1), 39–59. doi:10.1177/1326365X14539185
   Google Scholar
• Han, H. (2014). How organizations develop activists: Civic associations and leadership in the 21st century. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Karpf, D. (2012). The MoveOn effect: The unexpected transformation of American political advocacy. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kongkirati, P. (2016). Thailand’s failed 2014 election: The anti-election movement, violence and democratic breakdown. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 46(3), 467–485. doi:10.1080/00472336.2016.1166259
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuhonta, E., & Sinpeng, A. (2014). Democratic regression in Thailand: The ambivalent role of civil society and political institutions. Contemporary Southeast Asia, 36(3), 333–355. doi:10.1355/cs36-3a
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, S. H. (2017). Digital democracy in Asia: The impact of the Asian internet on political participation. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, 14(1), 62–82. doi:10.1080/19331681.2016.1214095
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, W. O. (2004). Emerging concepts of citizenship in the Asian context. In W. O. Lee, D. L. Grossman, K. J. Kennedy, & G. P. Fairbrother (Eds.), Citizenship education in Asia and the Pacific (pp. 25–35). Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Kluwer Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• M-Thai News. (2014, January 27). แง้มดู ค่าใช้จ่ายม็อบกปปส. ต่อวัน ต่อเวที เท่าไหร่? [Let’s have a look at the costs of the PDRC mob. How much per day and per stage?]. M-Thai News. Retrieved from http://news.mthai.com/hot-news/politics-news/305688.html
   Google Scholar
• M-Thai News. (2015, January 13). เปิดขุมทรัพย์ 9 แกนนำม็อบกปปส. หลังจบศึกเป่านกหวีด [Revealing the wealth of the 9 leaders of PDRC in the aftermath of the protest]. M-Thai News. Retrieved from http://news.mthai.com/hot-news/politics-news/411820.html
   Google Scholar
• Poell, T., Abdulla, R., Rieder, B., Woltering, R., & Zack, L. (2016). Protest leadership in the age of social media. Information, Communication & Society, 19(7), 1–21. doi:10.1080/1369118X.2015.1088049
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rieder, B. (2013). Studying Facebook via data extraction: The Netvizz application. Paper presented at the WebSci ‘13 Proceedings of the 5th Annual ACM Web Science Conference, New York, NY.
   Google Scholar
• Seawright, J., & Gerring, J. (2004). Case selection techniques in case study research: A menu of qualitative and quantitative options. Political Research Quarterly, 61(2), 294–308. doi:10.1177/1065912907313077
   Google Scholar
• Shirky, C. (2008). Here comes everybody: The power of organizing without organizations. New York, NY: Penguin.
   Google Scholar
• Sinpeng, A., & Arugay, A. (2015). The middle class and democracy in Southeast Asia. In W. Case (Ed.), Routledge handbook of southeast Asian democratization (pp. 102–116). London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Snow, D. A., Worden, S. K., Rochford, E. B., & Benford, R. D. (1986). Frame alignment processes, micromobilization, and movement participation. American Sociological. doi:10.2307/2095581
   Google Scholar
• Sopranzetti, C. (2016). Thailand’s relapse: The implications of the May 2014 coup. The Journal of Asian Studies, 75(2), 299–316. doi:10.1017/S0021911816000462
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• T News. (2014, January 9). กปปส.สตูล คึกคัก!! ตั้งโต๊ะรับบริจาค-ขายสินค้าหาทุนร่วมชัตดาวน์กรุงเทพฯ [PDRC Satul excited!! Setting up donation tables – Selling goods to finance the Bangkok Shutdown]. T News. Retrieved from http://www.tnews.co.th/html/content/79487/
   Google Scholar
• Tarrow, S. (2014). Critical dialogue. The logic of connective action: Digital media and the personalization of contentious politics. By Bennett W. Lance and Segerberg Alexandra. Perspectives on Politics, 12(2), 468–470. doi:10.1017/S1537592714000991
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vromen, A., Xenos, M. A., & Loader, B. (2015). Young people, social media and connective action: From organisational maintenance to everyday political talk. Journal of Youth Studies, 18(1), 80–100. doi:10.1080/13676261.2014.933198
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells, C. (2015). The civic organization and the digital citizen: Communicating engagement in a networked age. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wolfsfeld, G., & Sheafer, T. (2006). Competing actors and the construction of political news: The contest over waves in Israel. Political Communication, 23(3), 333–354. doi:10.1080/10584600600808927
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar