909
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Articles

The Analysis of the Relationship between residents’ Perceived Probability of Property Victimization in Dwellings and the Level of Home Security Systems

, &

References

  • Adu-Mireku, S. (2002). Fear of crime among residents of three communities in Accra, Ghana. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 43(2), 153–168. https://doi.org/10.1177/002071520204300203
  • Alda, E., Bennett, R. R., & Morabito, M. S. (2017). Confidence in the police and the fear of crime in the developing world. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 40(2), 366–379. https://doi.org/10.1108/PIJPSM-03-2016-0045
  • Alper, M., & Chappell, T. A. (2012). Untangling fear of crime: A multi-theoretical approach to examining the causes of crime-specific fear. Sociological Spectrum, 32(4), 346–363. https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2012.664048
  • Alvi, S., Schwartz, M. D., Dekeseredy, W. S., & Maume, M. O. (2001). Women’s fear of crime in Canadian public housing. Violence against Women, 7(6), 638–661. https://doi.org/10.1177/10778010122182640
  • Asian Development Bank. (2014). Azerbaijan: Fact sheet. https://www.think-asia.org/bitstream/handle/11540/5178/Azerbaijan_Fact%20Sheet%202014_web-ready.pdf?sequence=1
  • Bachman, R., Randolph, A., & Brown, B. L. (2011). Predicting perceptions of fear at school and going to and from school for African American and white students: The effects of school security measures. Youth & Society, 43(2), 705–726. https://doi.org/10.1177/0044118X10366674
  • Blakely, E. J., & Snyder, M. G. (1997). Fortress America: Gated communities in the United States. Brookings Institution Press; Lincoln Institute of Land Policy.
  • Brantingham, P. J., & Brantingham, P. L. (1991). Environmental criminology. Waveland Press.
  • Brunton-Smith, I., & Sturgis, P. (2011). Do neighborhoods generate fear of crime? An empirical test using the British Crime Survey. Criminology, 49(2), 331–369. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.2011.00228.x
  • Caliso, R. A. C. C., Francisco, J. P. S., & Garcia, E. M. (2020). Broad insecurity and perceived victimization risk. Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics, 32(2), 160–179. https://doi.org/10.1177/0260107919829966
  • Chadee, D., & Ditton, J. (2003). Are older people most afraid of crime? British Journal of Criminology, 43(2), 417–433. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/43.2.417
  • Chataway, M. L., & Hart, T. C. (2016). Reassessing contemporary “fear of crime” measures within an Australian context. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 47(7), 195–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2016.06.004
  • Cho, T. J., & Park, J. (2017). Exploring the effects of CCTV upon fear of crime: A multi- level approach in Seoul. International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, 49, 35–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlcj.2017.01.005
  • Chon, D. S., & Wilson, M. (2016). Perceived risk of Burglary and fear of crime: Individual- and country-level mixed modeling. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 60(3), 308–325. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624X14551257
  • Cook, C. L., & Fox, K. A. (2011). Fear of property crime: examining the effects of victimization, vicarious victimization, and perceived risk. Violence and Victims, 26(5), 684–700. https://doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.26.5.684
  • Dammert, L. (2014). La relación entre confianza e inseguridad: el caso de Chile. Criminalidad, 561, 189–207.
  • Dammert, L., & Malone, F. T. (2003). Fear of crime or fear of life? Public insecurities in Chile. Bulletin of Latin American Research, 22(1), 79–101. https://doi.org/10.1111/1470-9856.00065
  • De Donder, L., Verte, D., & Messelis, E. (2005). Fear of crime and elderly people: Key factors that determine fear of crime among elderly people in West Flanders. Ageing International, 30(4), 363–376. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12126-005-1021-z
  • DeLone, G. J. (2008). Public housing and the fear of crime. Journal of Criminal Justice, 36(2), 115–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2008.02.003
  • Ditton, J. (2000). Crime and the city: Public attitudes towards open-street CCTV in Glasgow. British Journal of Criminology, 40(4), 692e709–692e709. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/40.4.692
  • Doran, B., & Lees, B. (2005). Investigating the spatio-temporal links between disorder, crime, and the fear of crime. Professional Geographer, 57(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0033-0124.2005.00454.x
  • Evans, D. (2001). Levels of possession of security measures against residential burglary. Security Journal, 14(4), 29–41. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.sj.8340096
  • Ferguson, K. M., & Mindel, C. H. (2007). Modeling fear of crime in Dallas neighborhoods: A test of social capital theory. Crime and Delinquency, 53(2), 322–349. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128705285039
  • Franklin, T. W., Franklin, N. E., & Fearn, E. N. (2008). A multilevel analysis of the vulnerability, disorder, and social integration models of fear of crime. Social Justice Research, 21(2), 204–227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11211-008-0069-9
  • Gallup. (2020). Gallup’s Law and Order Index 2020. https://www.gallup.com/analytics/322247/gallup-global-law-and-order-report-2020.aspx
  • Giblin, M. J., Burruss, G. W., Corsaro, N., & Schafer, J. A. (2012). Self-protection in rural America: A risk interpretation model of household protective measures. Criminal Justice Policy Review, 23(4), 493–517. https://doi.org/10.1177/0887403411421215
  • Gibson, C. L., Zhao, J., Lovrich, N. P., & Gaffney, M. J. (2002). Social integration, individual perceptions of collective efficacy, and fear of crime in three cities. Justice Quarterly, 19(3), 537–564. https://doi.org/10.1080/07418820200095341
  • Gill, M., & Spriggs, A. (2005). Assessing the Impact of CCTV. Home Office Research, Development and Statistics Directorate.
  • Green, G., Gilbertson, J. M., & Grimsley, M. F. J. (2002). Fear of crime and health in residential tower blocks. European Journal of Public Health, 12(1), 10–15. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/12.1.10
  • Hedayati-Marzbali, M., Abdullah, A., Razak, N. A., & Tilaki, M. J. M. (2012). The influence of crime prevention through environmental design on victimisation and fear of crime. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 32(2), 79–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2011.12.005
  • Helfgott, B. J., Parkin, S. W., Fisher, C., & Diaz, A. (2020). Misdemeanor arrests and community perceptions of fear of crime in Seattle. Journal of Criminal Justice, 69(9), 101695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2020.101695
  • Henson, B., & Reyns, B. W. (2015). The only thing we have to fear is fear itself…and crime: The current state of fear of crime literature and where it should go next. Sociology Compass, 9(2), 91–103. https://doi.org/10.1111/soc4.12240
  • Hirschfield, A., Bowers, K., & Johnson, S. (2004). Inter-relationships between perceptions of safety, anti-social behaviour and security measures in disadvantaged areas. Security Journal, 17(1), 9–19. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.sj.8340158
  • Hummelsheim, D., Hirtenlehner, H., Jackson, J., & Oberwittler, D. (2011). Social insecurities and fear of crime: A cross-national study on the impact of welfare state policies on crime-related anxieties. European Sociological Review, 27(3), 327–345. https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcq010
  • IMARC Group. (2020). Home security system market: Global industry trends, share, size, growth, opportunity and forecast 2020-2025. imarcgroup.com/home-security-system-market
  • Jackson, J. (2006). Introducing fear of crime to risk research. Risk Analysis: An Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis, 26(1), 253–264. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2006.00715.x
  • Johnson, J. (2006). Fear of crime in Botswana: Impact of gender, victimization, and incivility. International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice, 30(2), 235–253. https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2006.9678754
  • Kanan, J. W., & Pruitt, M. V. (2002). Modeling fear of crime and perceived victimization risk: The insignificance of neighborhood integration. Sociological Inquiry, 72(4), 527–548. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-682X.00033
  • Karakus, O., McGarrell, E. F., & Basibuyuk, O. (2010). Fear of crime among citizens of Turkey. Journal of Criminal Justice, 38(2), 174–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2010.02.006
  • Knights, B., & Pascoe, T. (2000). Burglaries reduced by cost effective target hardening. Building Research Establishment.
  • Kristjansson, A. L. (2007). On social equality and perceptions of insecurity: A comparison study between two European countries. European Journal of Criminology, 4(1), 59–86. https://doi.org/10.1177/1477370807071730
  • LaGrange, R. L., Ferraro, K. F., & Supancic, M. (1992). Perceived risk and fear of crime: Role of social and physical incivilities. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 29(3), 311–334. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022427892029003004
  • Low, S. (2004). Behind the gates: Life, security, and the pursuit of happiness in for- tress America. Routledge.
  • Luo, F., Ren, L., & Zhao, J. S. (2016). Location-based fear of crime. Criminal Justice Review, 41(1), 75–97. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734016815623035
  • Markowitz, F. E., Bellair, P. E., Liska, A. E., & Liu, J. (2001). Extending social disorganization theory: Modeling the relationships between cohesion, disorder, and fear. Criminology, 39(2), 293–319. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.2001.tb00924.x
  • Matthews, A. (1990). Why worry? The cognitive function of anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 28(6), 455–468.
  • Mawby, R. I., & Simmonds, L. (2003). Homesafing Keyham: An evaluation. Safer Communities, 2(3), 20–30. https://doi.org/10.1108/17578043200300024
  • May, D., Rader, N. E., & Goodrum, S. (2009). A gendered assessment of the threat of victimization: Examining gender differences in fear of crime, perceived risk, avoidance and defensive behaviours. Criminal Justice Review, 35(2), 159–182. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734016809349166
  • McGrath, S. A., & Chananie-Hill, S. (2011). Individual levels of perceived safety: Data from an international sample. Sociological Focus, 44(3), 231–254. https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2011.10571397
  • Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Georgia. (2018). Statistics of registered crime. https://info.police.ge/uploads/5c596643ef88f.pdf
  • Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. (2017). Offences. https://eng.gks.ru/offences
  • Minnery, J. R., & Lim, B. (2005). Measuring crime prevention through environmental design. Journal of Architectural and Planning Research, 22(4), 330–341.
  • Montoya, L., Junger, M., & Ongena, Y. (2016). The relation between residential property and its surroundings and day- and night-time residential Burglary. Environment and Behavior, 48(4), 515–549. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916514551047
  • Moore, S., & Shepherd, J. (2007). The elements and prevalence of fear. British Journal of Criminology, 47(1), 154–162. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azl006
  • Nasar, J. L., & Fisher, B. S. (1993). Defining the concept of hot spots of fear: A multi-level study. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 13(3), 187–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-4944(05)80173-2
  • Nilsson, A., & Estrada, F. (2006). The inequality of victimisation: Trends in exposure to crimes among rich and poor. European Journal of Criminology, 3(4), 387–412. https://doi.org/10.1177/1477370806067910
  • Newman, O. (1972). Defensible space: Crime prevention through environmental design. MacMillan.
  • Oh, J., & Kim, S. (2009). Aging, neighborhood attachment, and fear of crime: Testing reciprocal effects. Journal of Community Psychology, 37(1), 21–40. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.v37:1
  • Özaşçılar, M., & Ziyalar, N. (2017). Unraveling the determinants of fear of crime among men and women in Istanbul: Examining the impact of perceived risk and fear of sexual assault. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 61(9), 993–1010. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624X15613334
  • Palmer, C., Ziersch, A., Arthurson, K., & Baum, F. (2005). Danger lurks around every corner: Fear of crime and its impact on opportunities for social interaction in stigmatized Australian suburbs. Urban Policy and Research, 23(4), 393–411. https://doi.org/10.1080/08111470500354216
  • Piza, E. L., Welsh, B. C., Farrington, D. P., & Thomas, A. L. (2018). CCTV and crime prevention: A new systematic review and meta-analysis. National Council for Crime Prevention.
  • Pleggenkuhle, B., & Schafer, J. A. (2018). Fear of crime among residents of rural counties: An analysis by gender. Journal of Crime and Justice, 41(4), 382–397. https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2017.1391109
  • Prechathamwong, W., & Rujiprak, V. (2018). Causal model of fear of crime among people in Bangkok. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 40(3), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kjss.2018.01.009
  • Rader, N. E., & Haynes, S. H. (2014). Avoidance, protective, and weapons behaviors: An examination of constrained behaviors and their impact on concerns about crime. Journal of Crime and Justice, 37(2), 197–213. https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2012.723358
  • Rader, N. E. (2004). The threat of victimization: A theoretical reconceptualization of fear of crime. Sociological Spectrum, 24(6), 689–704. https://doi.org/10.1080/02732170490467936
  • Reid, L. W., Roberts, J. T., & Hilliard, H. M. (1998). Fear of crime and collective action: An analysis of coping strategies. Sociological Inquiry, 68(3), 312–328.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-
  • Renauer, B. C. (2007). Reducing fear of crime: Citizen, police, or government responsibility? Police Quarterly, 10(1), 41–62. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098611106286894
  • Roccato, M., Russo, S., & Vieno, A. (2011). Perceived community disorder moderates the relation between victimization and fear of crime. Journal of Community Psychology, 39(7), 884–888. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.v39.7
  • Rollwagen, H. (2016). The relationship between dwelling type and fear of crime. Environment and Behavior, 48(2), 365–387. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916514540459
  • Ross, C. E., & Jang, S. (2000). Neighborhood disorder, fear, and mistrust: The buffering role of social ties with neighbors. American Journal of Community Psychology, 28(4), 401–420. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005137713332
  • Roth, J. J. (2018). The role of perceived effectiveness in home security choices. Security Journal, 31(3), 708–725. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41284-017-0125-y
  • Rountree, P. W., & Land, K. C. (1996). Perceived risk versus fear of crime: Empirical evidence of conceptually distinct reactions in survey data. Social Forces, 74(4), 1353–1376. https://doi.org/10.2307/2580354
  • Russo, S., & Roccato, M. (2010). How long does victimization foster fear of crime? A longitudinal study. Journal of Community Psychology, 38(8), 960–974. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.20408
  • Sadigov, T., & Guliyev, F. (2018). Eroding support for democracy in Azerbaijan? Context and pitfalls in survey research. Caucasus Survey, 6(2), 87–112. https://doi.org/10.1080/23761199.2017.1408246
  • Sampson, R. J., & Raudenbush, S. W. (1999). Systematic social observation of public spaces: A new look at disorder in urban neighborhoods. American Journal of Sociology, 105(3), 603–651. https://doi.org/10.1086/210356
  • Schafer, J. A., Huebner, B. M., & Bynum, T. S. (2006). Fear of crime and criminal victimization: Gender-based contrasts. Journal of Criminal Justice, 34(3), 285–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2006.03.003
  • Scheider, M. C., Rowell, T., & Bezdikian, V. (2003). The impact of citizen perceptions of community policing and fear of crime: findings from twelve cities. Police Quarterly, 6(4), 363–386. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098611102250697
  • Schreck, C. J., Miller, J. M., & Gibson, C. L. (2003). Trouble in the school yard: A study of the risk factors of victimization at school. Crime & Delinquency, 49(3), 460–484. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128703049003006
  • Shariati, A., & Guerette, T. R. (2019). Resident students’ perception of safety in on-campus residential facilities: Does crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) make a difference? Journal of School Violence, 18(4), 570–584. https://doi.org/10.1080/15388220.2019.1617721
  • Shibata, Y., & Nakayachi, K. (2022). Effect of implementing security measures on fear of crime. Psychology, Crime & Law, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2022.2061485
  • Skogan, W., & Maxfield, M. (1981). Coping with crime. Sage.
  • State Statistics Committee. (2022). Telecomunication and postal service.
  • State Statistics Committee. (2021). Crime. stat.gov.az/source/crimes/
  • State Statistics Committee. (2020). Demographic data. stat.gov.az/source/demoqraphy/
  • Staunton, C. (2006). Alley gating, fear of crime and housing tenure. Safer Communities, 5(2), 30–35. https://doi.org/10.1108/17578043200600016
  • Sutton, R., & Farrall, S. (2004). Gender, socially desirable responding and the fear of crime: Are women really more anxious about crime? British Journal of Criminology, 45(2), 212–224. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azh084
  • The Economist. (2019). Democracy Index 2019. eiu.com/topic/democracy-index
  • The World Bank. (2022). GDP (current US$) – Azerbaijan. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD?locations=AZ
  • Tillyer, M. S., Fisher, S. B., & Wilcox, P. (2011). The effects of school crime prevention on students’ violent victimization, risk perception, and fear of crime: A multilevel opportunity perspective. Justice Quarterly, 28(2), 249–277. https://doi.org/10.1080/07418825.2010.493526
  • Transparency International. (2019). Azerbaijan. transparency.org/en/countries/azerbaijan
  • Tseloni, A., Farrell, G., Thompson, R., Evans, E., & Tilley, N. (2017). Domestic burglary drop and the security hypothesis. Crime Science, 6(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-017-0064-2
  • Vicente, P., Reis, E., & Santos, M. (2009). Using mobile phones for survey research: A comparison with fixed phones. International Journal of Market Research, 51(5), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1177/147078530905100509
  • Vilalta, J. C. (2012). Fear of crime and home security systems. Police Practice and Research: An International Journal, 13(1), 4–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2011.607651
  • Vilalta, J. C. (2011a). Fear of crime in gated communities and apartment buildings: A comparison of housing types and a test of theories. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 26(2), 107–121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10901-011-9211-3
  • Vilalta, J. C. (2011b). Fear of crime in public transport: Research in Mexico City. Crime Prevention and Community Safety, 13(3), 171–186. https://doi.org/10.1057/cpcs.2011.4
  • Villarreal, A., & Silva, B. (2006). Social cohesion, criminal victimization and perceived risk of crime in Brazilian neighborhoods. Social Forces, 84(3), 1725–1753. https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.2006.0073
  • Warr, M. (2000). Fear of crime in the United States: Avenues for research and policy. Criminal Justice, 4, 451–489.
  • Wilson, J. Q., & Kelling, G. L. (1982). Broken windows. Atlantic Monthly, 249(3), 29–38.
  • Wilson-Doenges, G. (2000). An exploration of sense of community and fear of crime in gated communities. Environment and Behavior, 32(5), 597–611. https://doi.org/10.1177/00139160021972694
  • Wyant, B. R. (2008). Multilevel impacts of perceived incivilities and perceptions of crime risk on fear of crime: Isolating endogenous impacts. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 45(1), 39–64. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022427807309440
  • Yuan, Y., & McNeeley, S. (2016). Reactions to crime: a multilevel analysis of fear of crime and defensive and participatory behavior. Journal of Crime and Justice, 39(4), 455–472. https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2015.1054297
  • Yun, I., Kercher, G., & Swindell, S. (2010). Fear of crime among Chinese immigrants. Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice, 8(2), 71–90. https://doi.org/10.1080/15377931003760989